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Meter

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regularized rhythmn; an arrangement of language in which the accents occur at apparently equal intervals in time

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Metonymy

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A figure of speech in which som significan aspect of detail of an experience is used to represent the whole experience

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Metrical pause

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a pause that supplies the place of an expected accented syllable

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Octave

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1) an 8 line stanza; 2) the first 8 lines of a sonnet, especially one structured in the manner of an Italian sonnet

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Onomatopoeia

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the use of words that supposedly mimic their meaning in their sound

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Onomatopoetic language

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language employing onomatopoeia

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Overstatement

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also called hyperbole; a figure of speech in which exaggeration is used in the service of truth

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Paradox

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a statement or situation containing apparently contradictory or incompatible elements

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Paradoxical situation

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a situation containing apparently but not actually incompatible elements

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Paradoxical statement

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also called verbal paradox; a figure of speech in which an apparently self-contradictory statement is nevertheless found to be true

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Paraphrase

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a restatement of the content of a poem designed to make its prose meaning as clear as possible

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Personification

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a figure of speech in which human attributes are given to an animal, an object, or a concept

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Petrarchan sonnet

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a sonnet consisting of an octave riming abbaabba and a sestet using any arrangement of two or three additional rimes, such as cdcdcd or cdecde

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Phoenetic intensive

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a word whose sound, by an obscure process, to some degree suggests its meaning

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Prose

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non-metrical language; the opposite of verse

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Prose meaning

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that part of a poem's total meaning that can be separated out and expressed through paraphrase

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Prose poem

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usually a short composition having the intentions of peotry but written in prose rather than verse

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Quatrain

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1) a four-line stanza; 2) a four-line division of a sonnet marked off by its rime scheme

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Refrain

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a repeated word, phrase, line, or group of lines, normally at some fixed position in a poem written in stanzaic form

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Rhetorical pause

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another name for caesura; a natural pause, unmarked by punctuation, introduced into the reading of a line by its phrasing or syntax

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Rhetorical poetry

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poetry using artificially eloquent language, that is, language too high-flown for its occasion and unfaithful to the full complexity of human experience

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Rhythm

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any wavelike recurrence of motion or sound

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Rime

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another name for rhyme; the repetition of the accented vowel sound and all succeeding sounds in important or importantly positions words

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Rime scheme

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any fixed pattern of rimes characterizing a whole poem or its stanzas

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Run-on line

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a line which has no natural speech pause at its end, allowing the sense to flow uninterruptedly into the succeeding line

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Sarcasm

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bitter or cutting speech; speech intended by its speaker to give pain to the person addressed

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Satire

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a kind of literature that ridicules human folly or vice with the purpose of brining about reform or of keeping others from falling into similar folly or vice

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Sentimental poetry

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poetry aimed primarily at stimulating the emotions rather than at communicating experience honestly and freshly

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Sestet

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1) a six-lined stanza; 2) the last six lines of a sonnet structured on the Italian model

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Shakespearean sonnet

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another name for the English sonnet; a sonnet riming ababcdcdefefgg; its content or structure ideally parallels the rime scheme, falling into three coordinate quatrains and a concluding couplet

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Simile

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a figure of speech in which an explicit comparison is made between two things essentially unlike

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Single rime

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another name for masculine rime; a rime in which the repeated accented vowel sound is in the final syllable of the words involved

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Sonnet

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a fixed form of fourteen lines, normally iambic pentameter, with a rime scheme conforming to or approximately one of two main types- the Italian or the English

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Stanza

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a group of lines whose metrical pattern is repeated throughout a poem

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Stanzaic form

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the form taken by a poem when it is written in a series of units having the same number of lines and usually other characteristics in common

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Structure

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the internal organization of a poem's content

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Sustained figure

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also known as extended figure; a figure of speech sustained or developed through a considerable number of lines or through a whole poem

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Symbol

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a figure of speech in which something means more than what it is

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Synecdoche

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a figure of speech in which a part is used for the whole

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Theme

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the central idea of a literary work

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Tone

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the writer's or speaker's attitude toward his subject,his audience, or himself; the emotional coloring, or emotional meaning, of a work

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Total meaning

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the total experience communicated by a poem; it includes all those dimensions of experience by which a poem communicates- sensuous, emotional, imaginative, and intellectual- and it can be communicated in no other words than those of the poem itself

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Understatement

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a figure of speech that consists of saying less than onc means, or of saying what one means with less force than the occasion warrants

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Verse

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metrical language; the opposite of prose

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Villanelle

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a nineteen line poem, originally French, that uses only two rimes and consists of five three-line stanzas and a final quatrain

Poetry Glossary Terms Pt 2 – Flashcards

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