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restricting the political activities of civil servants

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The Hatch Act of 1939 is best known for

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voter turnout.

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The number of eligible voters who cast ballots on Election Day is referred to as the

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They run issue ads to energize voters.

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Which of the following statements about "527" groups is true?

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the presidential candidates alone

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In 2012, total campaign spending for ______ reached $2.6 billion

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Fewer people identify with them

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Why do campaigns no longer depend on political parties?

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secret ballot prepared, distributed, and tabulated by government officials at public expense.

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The Australian ballot is best described as a

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has different qualifications for voting and registration.

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Regarding voter requirements, each state

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front-loading

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The process in which more and more states move their primaries into the first months of the year is known as

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voting-age population

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Felons and ex-felons, and new immigrants who are not yet citizens, are included in the

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When professional consultants organize a discussion about candidates or certain political issues among small groups of ordinary citizens

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Which of the following best describes a focus group

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nominating a candidate for office

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The job of a political consultant may include all of the following EXCEPT

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The Supreme Court ruled that it was unconstitutional to restrict in any way the amount congressional candidates could spend on their own behalf.

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Which of the following statements about the Buckley v. Valeo case is true?

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direct primaries

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Candidates in state and local elections are mostly chosen by

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major civil rights legislation in the 1960s

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As a result of ______, the number of African American public officials has increased throughout the United States.

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state laws

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The selection of electors is governed by

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minorities and poor people to vote

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Some observers argue that an excessive concern with voting fraud makes it harder for

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party-column

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The two major parties prefer a(n) ______ ballot because it encourages straight-ticket voting

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taken on a nearly daily basis as the election approaches

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Tracking polls are

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on a proportional basis

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In 2012, most Republican Party presidential primaries and caucuses allocated delegates

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issue advocacy advertising

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Advertising paid for by interest groups that support or oppose a candidate (or a candidate's position on an issue) without mentioning voting or elections is called

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The Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971

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Which Supreme Court ruling limited the amount that candidates could spend on their own campaigns, but was later found unconstitutional?

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paid professionals

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Today, in national elections, most campaign tasks are handled by

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Officeholders are mostly white and male

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Which of the following statements about political officeholders is true?

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tour the nation to see if they had enough local supporters.

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The people who wanted to be the Republican candidate in the 2012 presidential campaign first needed to raise enough funds to

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a run-off primary

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When the top two candidates in a primary compete in another primary for a majority of votes, it is called

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unregulated political expenditures by PACs, organizations, and individuals that are not coordinated with candidate campaigns or political parties

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Independent expenditures by special interests are

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A credentials committee

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What does each poltical party use to determine which delegates may participate in the national convention?

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Recruiting candidates is easier for higher offices with more prestige

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Which of the following statements about recruiting candidates is true?

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Primary elections started in 1904 in Wisconsin.

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When or why were primary elections were first mandated?

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at least thirty-five years old.

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Constitutionally, the President must be

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party leaders or elected officials who are given the right to vote at the party's national convention

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Superdelegates are

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primary election.

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State and national candidates are typically nominated through a

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grew significantly after 1976 but has leveled off since the 1990s.

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The number of political action committees (PACs)

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political action committee

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A committee set up by and representing a corporation, labor union, or special interest group to raise campaign donations is a

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a closed primary.

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When only declared party members can vote in a primary election, it is called

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They have more flexible schedules, and political involvement can make a valuable contribution to their careers.

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Which of the following statements best describe why lawyers are more likely to campaign for and hold political office?

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corporations and unions are allowed to spend whatever they wish on issue ads.

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Under the 2010 Supreme Court ruling in Citizens United v. FEC,

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a resident of the state from which elected

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As detailed in the Constitution, the formal requirements for the office of senator include that he or she must be

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there may be little need for campaigning except to remind the voters of the officeholder's good deeds.

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If a candidate is a highly visible incumbent seeking reelection

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today, only 35 percent of Americans say they would vote for a qualified woman for president.

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With regard to candidates for office, all of the following are true EXCEPT

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a caucus

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A meeting of party members designed to select candidates and propose policies is called

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campaign contributions to political parties that escaped limits of federal or state election law

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"Soft money" in political campaigns is best described as

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equals that state's number of senators plus its number of representatives

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The number of members each state will have in the Electoral College

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Voters can vote in either party primary without disclosing their party affiliation.

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Which of the following best describes an open primary?

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Independents

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In 1954, fewer than 20 percent of adults identified themselves as ______, whereas today that share is about 40 percent

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soft money contributions to national parties

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The Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002 banned

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television campaigning

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Before the advent of ______, a strong party organization at the local, state, or national level could furnish most of the services candidates needed.

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set by the state constitutions

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The qualifications for state legislators are

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provide public funding for congressional elections

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Reforms to the Federal Election Campaign Act in 1974 did NOT

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