Physical Science Chapter 11 Test
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Acids are substances that release ______ ions into water.
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hydrogen
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Bases are substances that release ______ ions into water.
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hydroxide
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An acids strength is called its _______.
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acidity
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A bases strength is called its ________.
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alkalinity
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The strength of an acid or base is measured using the _______ scale which ranges from 0 to 14.
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pH
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Strong acids have a _____ number on the pH scale.
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low
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Strong bases have a _______ number on the pH scale.
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high
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Substances that have an equal number of hydrogen and hydroxide ions are said to be ______ and have a pH of around 7.
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neutral
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Pure ____ is an example of a pure substance.
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water
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To determine the acidity or alkalinity of a substance people can use _______ such as litmus.
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indicators
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Litmus turns ______ in acids and ______ in bases.
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red; blue
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The term ____ refers to the chemical potential of hydrogen.
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pH
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The pH scale measures how ____ or basic a substance on a scale of 1 to 14.
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acidic
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______ measure from 1 to 7.
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acids
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_____ measures from 7 to 14.
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bases
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Lemon Juice
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acid
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Toothpaste
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base
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Soap
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base
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Vinegar
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acid
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Battery Acid
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acid
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Baking Soda
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base
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Hydrochloric Acid
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acid
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Floor Cleaner
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base
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Really strong acids and bases are found at the _____ of the scale.
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ends
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Weak acids and bases are found at the ______ of the scale.
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center
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In the middle are at exactly 7 , or pH ______ , you have pure water.
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neutral
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Acids contain ______ ions.
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hydrogen
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Bases contain ______ ions.
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hydroxyl
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Ions are atoms that have either lost or gained _____.
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electrons
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In bases you find hydroxyl ions, which have _____ electrons.
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gained
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Hydrogen ions found in acids are ___ that have had an electron knocked off.
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atoms
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When you put a metal in acid, the metal starts to ________.
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dissolve
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Bases have the power to ____ acids.
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neutralize
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The hydroxyl ion ____ its electron with the hydrogen ion.
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shares
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Different types of ______ are formed depending on the types of acids and bases involved in the reaction.
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salts
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When you mix a base with an acid it produces salt, water, and _______ ______.
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carbon dioxide
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Most science labs have pH paper, which is paper that has been soaked in a special chemical _____.
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indicator
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By comparing the color of the pH paper to a chart, you can determine how _______ an acid or base is.
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strong
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Constant reactions between acids and bases keep our _____ from being too acidic or too alkaline.
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environment
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produced hydrogen ions in solutions
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acid
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have a sour taste
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acid
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have a bitter taste
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base
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have a slippery, soapy feel
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base
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produce hydroxide ions
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base
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react with acids to form salts
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base
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react with bases to form salts
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acid
