Philosophy Review
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How many papers will there be this semester
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three papers
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will there be a final exam
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yes
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how is professor email address
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how many unexcused absences am I allowed
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1
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what happens after first unexcused absence
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2 points deducted
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how many unexcused absences can be made up
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2 unexcused
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Who is euthyphro going to prosecute and for what
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his father; murdered field labourer
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Why is socrates there
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Accused by meletus for corrupting the youthand making new gods
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What do they discuss the nature of
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piety vs. impiety
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who claims to be the expert
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euthyphro
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what do they decide the nature of is
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no answer
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What does apology mean
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A defense
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What is Socrates on trial for
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piety
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according to socrates who did delphic oracle say was the wisest
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socrates himself
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Who does socrates say that speaks to him
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Daemon, a guardian angel
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What is socrates being charged with
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Making arguments, corrupting the youth, inventing new gods and studies things in heaven and below
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Was socrates found guilty by a large margin
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no
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what is sought after sentence by meletus
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put to death
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What does socrates first purpose as his penalty
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jail
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What does socrates finally purpose as his penalty
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pay 30 minaes
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What is socrates final sentence and is he afraid of this
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Death; not afraid
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Who is in the cave
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prisoners
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what appears on the walls of the cave
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artifacts
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When and if a person leaves what would they see
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sunlight
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would a person who left the cave want to return
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yes
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if they did return how would they be recieved by others
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be killed
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how many qualities are there according to locke
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two
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name a primary quality
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figure
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name a secondary quality
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taste
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Does locke thing we can have knowledge of the external world
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yes
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what does rerum natural
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on the nature of things
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what does the first cause argument state
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every event must have a cause
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what argument is summed up by nagel as since we have an idea of God as a perfect being God must exist
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Ontological argument
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What is the third argument nagel says is used to prove existence of God
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we are subject not only to physical laws but moral laws
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What exists that makes Nagel think it's hard to prove God is omnipotent, omniscient and omnibenevolent
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human existence
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does nagel think there is a good argument to prove God existence
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no
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Does Swinburne believe that existence of evil proves God does not exist
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No
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What is a theodicy
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Explanation of why God allows evil
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What two types of evil exist
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natural and moral
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According to swinburn what do humans have that makes moral evil necessary
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Free will
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How many ways does st. thomas give to prove the existence of God
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Five
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Which way of proving God exist does st. thomas say is clearest to understand
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argument from motion
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first three ways to prove existence of God all rely on idea we cannot continue to go back to what
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infinity
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the fourth way to prove existence of God relies on idea that there must be a measure of things and must something that is what in order to have such a measure thing thing we would call God
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Perfection
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According to St. Thomas, why does God allow evil to exist
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so he can create good from evil
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Give on way Tzortzis articel says that things can be come into existence
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created or brought from nothing
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what does tzortzis article have that agrees with aquinas in that we cannot go back to
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Infinity
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what law does the article use to show that the universe must have had a beginning
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second law of thermodynamics
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does pascal think reason show us that God exist
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no
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does pascal think we should all become atheist
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no
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what do we lose if we believe in God according to Pascal
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lose poisonous pleasures; lose very little
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Does Blackburn find Pascal's argument compelling
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no
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What does blackburn think of pascal payoff matrix
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doesn't find it persuasive
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What is free will
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open possibility to choose one choice or another
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what is determinism
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actions are inevitable
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does nagel believe that freewill and determinism are compatible
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No
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Does nagel think it makes sense to blame someone for doing what is impossible/cannot control
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no
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How would nagel feel if determinism is true
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feel trapped
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what condition does stace think philosophers are in who deny free will
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confused
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do philosopher who deny free will accept it in practice
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yes
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what are free actions immediately caused by according to stace
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desires, motives, pyschological states-thoughts
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when is an action unfree
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immediate causes outside of agent
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does stace think even if we can predict a behavior it is free
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yes
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Does hume believe any event is connected to another
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no
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according to hume where is our idea of power derived from
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habit and experience
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we assume what about the relation between our motives and relation between objects in the world
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different
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does hume think that necessity if properly understood, the doctrine of liberty is compatible with doctrine of necessity
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yes
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According to hume what are two requisite circumstances for liberty
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Consistent with fact; consistent with itself
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Does james believe in science
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yes
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does james accept soft determinism
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no
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what is the dilemma of determinism
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no one has a real choice; being pessimistic, not completely certain, necessary evil, sins, regret
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Does james accept indeterminism
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yes
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why does james either accept or not accept indeterminism
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More rationale
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Are categorical imperatives objectively necessary
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yes
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What does the categorical imperative state
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act only on maxim by which you can at the same time will that it should become universal law; something we can make universal
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according ot kant, do humans exist as a means to an end or as an end in themselves
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end in themselvs
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what are rational begins called according to kant
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persons
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what does all value depend on
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depend on persons
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What does utilitarianism attempt to get the greatest of
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happiness
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is it equal for everyone
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yes
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does utilitarianism require us to do what is in other people interest
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Yes
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what is the only thing as an end that is desirable according to utilitarianism
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happiness, greatest good and lack of pain
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what is proof that things are desirable
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sole evidence
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What do all things aim at
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aim at some good
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what do we call chief good
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things we desire for our own sake
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why are we inquiring about virtue
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in order to become good
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what does a virtous person aim for
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center
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virtue is a mean between what two vices
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excess and deficiency; passions and actions
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is ethics of care a version of virtue ethics
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no
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the ethics of care is aimed at taking care of who
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those we take responsibility for; primarily others
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does ethics of care value individual autonomy
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no
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does ethics of care distinguish sharply between value of self and others
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no
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according to held care is what two things
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practice and value
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what are three laws of nature according to hobbes
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seek peace and foloow, by all means we can defend ourselves and men can perform thier convenants made
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why do human beings seek peace according to hobbes
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lie down some rights
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what is the fundamental law of nature according to hobbe
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seek peace and follow
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according to locke who has a right to things which nature has given us
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property
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who does nozick refer to in example about possiblity that many individuals might voluntarily tranfers their holdings to a single individual
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wilt chamberlain
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does nozick endorse or reject term of distributive justice
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reject
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according ot rawls where does the original position place people
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position of equality
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what is the veil of ignorance
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lack of knowledge of yourself
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how many principles of justice would be chosen by people in original position
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2-equal rights and social
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thomson begins her argument for position that a fetus is or not a person
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fetus is a person
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Thompson provides famous case of who
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violinist
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extreme view would hold that abortion is or not permissible to save mother life
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not permissible
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does thomson think right to life includes whatever you may need to sustain it
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no
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does thomson think abortions ought to be allowed in certain circumstances
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yes
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does marquis think abortion debate will settle
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yes
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marquis compares abortion to killing what
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killing innocent adult
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what is greatest loss one can suffer
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loss of one's life
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why is killing someone prima facie wrong
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loss of future
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is it always wrong to kill someone who is sick and dying
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no
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Does singer think there is a lot of suffering that is preventable
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yes
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what moral theory does singer ascribe to
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utilitarian
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what does singer claim we should donate
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as much as we can
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according to singer are philosophers justified in discussing this subjects
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yes
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according to singer we should radically revise our practice on distinguishing between what two things
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duty and charity
