PHE 4233 Midterm – Flashcards

Measures of ability Complexity of task Environmental effects Health status Gender

Anxiety level Support system Motivation Risk-taking behavior Frame of mind Developmental stage

Level of aspiration Past coping mechanisms Cultural background Locus of control Orientation

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Learning is a continuous process. Every learner approaches a topic differently based on past experiences, heredity, and the demands of the present environment.

Combines the modes of AC (Abstract Conceptualization) and RO (Reflective Observation). People with this learning style demonstrate the ability to understand large amounts of information by putting into concise and logical form. They are less interested in people and more interested on abstract ideas and concepts. They are good at inductive reasoning, value theory over practical application of ideas, and need time to reflect on what has been learned and how new information is related to their past experiences. These thinkers learn best for example, through lecture, one to one instruction, and self instruction methods with ample materials to support their learning.

Spatial - think in terms of physical space, as do architects and sailors. Very aware of their environments. They like to draw, do jigsaw puzzles, read maps, daydream. They can be taught through drawings, verbal and physical imagery. Tools include models, graphics, charts, photographs, drawings, 3-D modeling, video, videoconferencing, television, multimedia, texts with pictures/charts/graphs. Bodily-kinesthetic - use the body effectively, like a dancer or a surgeon. Keen sense of body awareness. They like movement, making things, touching. They communicate well through body language and be taught through physical activity, hands-on learning, acting out, role playing. Tools include equipment and real objects. Musical - show sensitivity to rhythm and sound. They love music, but they are also sensitive to sounds in their environments. They may study better with music in the background. They can be taught by turning lessons into lyrics, speaking rhythmically, tapping out time. Tools include musical instruments, music, radio, stereo, CD-ROM, multimedia. Interpersonal - understanding, interacting with others. Able to notice others feelings. These students learn through interaction. They have many friends, empathy for others, street smarts. Gifted in social skills. Learn best in groups and gravitate towards learning with others. They can be taught through group activities, seminars, dialogues. Intrapersonal - understanding one's own interests, goals. These learners tend to shy away from others. They're in tune with their inner feelings; they have wisdom, intuition and motivation, as well as a strong will, confidence and opinions. They can be taught through independent study and introspection. Tools include books, creative materials, diaries, privacy and time. They are the most independent of the learners. Linguistic - using words effectively. These learners have highly developed auditory skills and often think in words. They like reading, playing word games, making up poetry or stories. They can be taught by encouraging them to say and see words, read books together. Tools include computers, games, multimedia, books, tape recorders, and lecture. Logical -Mathematical - reasoning, calculating. Think conceptually, abstractly and are able to see and explore patterns and relationships. They like to experiment, solve puzzles, ask cosmic questions. They can be taught through logic games, investigations, mysteries. They need to learn and form concepts before they can deal with details.

focuses on what's inside the learner

emphasis on emotions

learning through observation

feelings and emotions are key

Emotional and creative side

Analytical and verbal side

Biological, social, and environmental

Role models, the reinforcement that a model has received, and the social environment

Learner's personality development, significant childhood experiences, and conscious and unconscious motivations

Internal factors within learners

Learner's desire for positive growth, subjective feelings, needs, and self-concept

Learner's drive and external factors in the environment that influence a learner's associations

Measures of ability, environmental effects, and gender

Anxiety level, motivation, and developmental stage.

Present knowledge base, learning styles, and cognitive abilities.

Level of aspiration, cultural background, and locus of control.

Theory promoted by Bandura; Appraised through accomplishment, observing successful behaviors. Particularly relevant in developing educational programs.

Individual perceptions, modifying factors, and perceived benefits/barriers to action.

Six stages of progression; motivation and readiness to change are important.

Formed between caregiver and patient, both are viewed as equal power.

truth-telling about risks and benefits of certain treatments

fairness & equity when distributing benefits and risks

doing no harm. negligence. all conduct below standard of law.

do good. demonstrate kindness/compassion. Provide benefits balanced with risks.

During a risky surgical procedure, the patient is fully aware of the high chances of death. She has signed an advance directive requesting that remains unattached to any life support or extraordinary measures. When complications lead to death, the doctors attempt to defibrillate her heart and put her on life support, believing that she will wake up, ignoring her advance directive. Which of the 6 major ethical principles is being broken?

The Patient's Bill of Rights was first developed in the 1970s by which of the following professional Organizations?

Symbol of standard of quality survey must be performed every three years. It can assist organizations in improving their quality of care, can be used to meet certain medicare certification requirements, can enhance community confidence in hospital, can provide staff with an educational tool, enhance medical staff recruitment.

AHA

outlines four learning/teaching channels: concrete sequential, abstract sequential, abstract random, and concrete random. believe all individuals possess some natural ability in the four channels; however, most individuals possess natural ability in one of the channels more than the others.

Abstract random individuals prefer order that is nonlinear, harmonious, and non-traditional. They have the natural ability to work well with people. These individuals work best when allowed to be creative and display their emotions.

sensing-intuition, thinking-feeling, extraversion-introversion

diverger, converger, assimilator, accommodator

environmental, emotional, sociological, physical, psychological

linguistic, spatial, interpersonal, logical, musical, intrapersonal, bodily

Within Cognitive Learning Theory, what are the 4 major approaches to learning?

What are the 6 major ethical principles that dictate the actions of healthcare providers in delivering services to clients?

Noncompliant behavior can be viewed as a necessary defense to a stressful situation and been proved beneficial? T/F?

Likes group work, Likes action and to experience things so as to learn.

Likes quiet space, Likes learning that deals with thoughts and ideas. Thinks things through to themselves. Uses heart and mind.

Realistic, Learns from orderly sequence of details. Tactile- touch, taste, and smell. Observes what is real, factual, and happening. In other words seeing is believing.

Values harmony, sympathetic. Searches for the effect of a decision on oneself and others.

Imaginative, Prefers the whole concept versus details

Finds ideas and things more interesting than people, Analytical. Impersonal logical. Analyzes data and makes decicisons on logic.

Flexible, Play-oriented. Likes group work, dislikes slow-paced learning, likes action and to experience things so as to learn, offers opinion without being asked, asks questions to check on the expectations of nurse

Every learner approaches a topic based on their past experiences, heredity, and the demands of the present environment

A binding social contract or covenant; a professional obligation to respect privileged information between the health professional and the client.

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Combines the modes of AC (abstract conceptualization) and AE (Active experimentation). People with this learning style find practical applications for ideas and theories and have the ability to use deductive reasoning to solve problems.

Combines the modes of CE ( Concrete experience) and RO (Reflective observation. People with this learning style are good at viewing concrete situations from many points of view. They like to observe, gather information, and gain insights rather than take action. They like to personalize learning by connecting information with something familiar in their experiences.

Combines the modes CE (concrete experience) & AE (Active experimentation). People with this learning style learn best by hands on experience and enjoy new and challenging situations. They act on initial gut feelings rather than on logic. They are risk takers who like to explore all possibilities by experimenting with materials and objects.

advances the nursing profession by fostering high standards of nursing practice, promoting the rights of nurses in the workplace, projecting a positive and realistic view of nursing, and by lobbying the Congress and regulatory agencies on health care issues affecting nurses and the public.

Field of dependence-independence. The use of problem solving, analysis, andevaluation skills are also related to how students learn. Lecture, one on one instruction, gaming.

These thinkers learn best for example, through lecture, one to one instruction, and self instruction methods with ample materials to support their learning.

people oriented, multitaskers, misses specific directions, flexible creative writing, guided imagery, humor, group discussion, role playing

Response to stimuli

Stimulus that has no particular value or meaning to learner

Learning style that measures these stimuli- Sound, Light, temperature

Learning style that measures motivation, structure, and responsibility.

Learning style that prefers learning alone or learning with an authority figure.

learning style that measures perceptual strengths, refers to the four types of learners. Visual, audio, tactile, kinesthetic.

refers to the way learners process and react to a situation. Starting broad and getting more specific. Analytical vs Global, Impulsive vs reflective.

Used as a predictor of preventative health behavior. Made of three components; The individual perceptions component, modifying factors component, likelihood of action component. Targets likelihood in preventative health behaviors.

Model primarily used in the discipline of nursing. Emphasizes on actualizing health potential and increasing the level of well being using approach behavior rather than avoidance of disease behaviors. Targets positive health outcomes.

What is the single most important goal of the nurse as teacher?

The broad purpose of patient education is

Which defines the nurse's legal mandate to teach?

Which nursing organization first observed the importance of health teaching as a function of the nurse's role?

In comparing the nursing process to the education process, which statement is false?

Barriers to teaching can be best described as factors that

The common factor that serves as both a barrier to teaching as well as an obstacle to learning is

The American Hospital Association's Patient's Bill of Rights refers to:

Breach of contract or failure to perform one's duties based on patient diagnosis, cultural background, race, or sexual preference is a violation of which ethical principle?

Which statement best describes the contribution of educational psychology to nursing practice? Educational psychology

Which of the following is not a perspective within cognitive theory?

Nurse educators are taught to simplify their presentations to patients, to try to link what they expect the patient to learn with what the patient already knows and is familiar to them, and to find ways to help patients re-establish a sense of equilibrium or balance in their lives. Which cognitive theoretical perspective on learning is reflected by this example?

Which of the following represents the correct sequence of the learning phases discovered by educational psychologists?

Drug companies spend considerable money advertising their products, hoping that consumers will learn to associate a particular drug or the manufacturer's name with some kind of physical and/or psychological relief. This strategy reflects principles of Pavlovian conditioning. The first time a consumer who is unfamiliar with the drug sees the ad, the drug is a________________, and then after the consumer sees the ad several times and remembers the name of the drug and the ad, the drug is ___________.

What is the best definition for the term "motivation"?

What does the Attention, Relevance, Confidence, and Satisfaction (ARCS) Model focus on:

Which model is used in health screening programs to predict preventative health behavior?

Which are the primary interacting components of the Health Belief Model?

Which are the three facilitating or blocking factor categories that can shape motivation to learn?

Which is the primary model used nursing that relates to health-promoting lifestyles?

Age, gender, emotional state, and cognitive functioning are components of which motivation category?

When a nurse educator observes a client adhering to a prescribed medication regimen, the nurse educator can directly measure which behavior?

Which are the components of the Therapeutic Alliance Model?

Which client statement is an example of internal locus of control?