Personal Wellness – Flashcards
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Controlling body weight is best accomplished by
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Balancing calories consumed with calories expended
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The number of premature death among Americans each year that can be attributed to inactivity and overweight
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100,000
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According to the national institutes of health about blank percent of American adults are overweight
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68%
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Weight loss of blank of body weight is enough to reduce health risks and increase life expectancy and obese individuals
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5 to 10%
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Which of the following statements about genetic factors and obesity is true
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Genetic factors influence where on the body extra weight is added
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Resting metabolic rate is
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The energy required to maintain vital body functions
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Which one of the following is the largest component of metabolism
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Resting metabolism
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Metabolic rate is higher in
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People who exercise on a regular basis
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A lifestyle factor which does not lead to successful weight management is
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Emotional eating
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The greater the amount of muscle mass the
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Hire the resting metabolic rate
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Which one of the following elements in the energy balance equation is under individual control
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Energy intake from food
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A hormone thought to be linked to obesity is
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Leptin
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Since 1983 the average daily calorie intake among Americans has increased by about
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18%
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The negative energy balance of blank calories is needed to produce a 1 pound weight loss
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3500
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On average Americans exercise a blank minutes per day
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15
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Which of the following statements about psychological and social factors and eating behavior is false
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Changing eating patterns link to cultural values is usually easy
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An example of a snack while in energy density is
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An Apple
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Energy density is
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The number of calories in food
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Which of the following patterns of eating is best for weight management
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Small frequent meals on a regular basis
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How much daily physical activity is recommended for someone who is trying to maintain weight loss
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60 or more minutes
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Stress can be a result of
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All of these
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Which of the following is an example of a stressor
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Getting a flat tire
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The term stressor is best defined as
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Any physical or psychological of that that reduces stress
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The term stress response is best defined as
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The physical and emotional challenges associated with stress
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Stress is best defined as
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The general physical and emotional state associated with the stress response
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The parasympathetic division is best defined as
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A division of the autonomic nervous system that is in control when you are relaxed aids and digesting food storing energy and promoting growth
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The sympathetic division is best defined as
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A division of the autonomic nervous system that activates during times of arousal including exercise and when there is an emergency such as severe pain anger or fear
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Which of the following best describes the endocrine system
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Affects body functions are the release of hormones
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Your body begins really think endorphins your heart rate accelerates and your hearing and vision become more acute you are experiencing
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The flight or fight reaction
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Which of the following does not increase during the flight or fight reaction
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Digestion
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Homeostasis is defined as a state in which
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Vital functions of the body are maintained at a normal level
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The somatic nervous system manages
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Conscious actions
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Which of the following is not an example of an effective response to stress
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Over eating
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Which of the following is an example of an effective response to stress
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Learning new time management skills
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Making the choice to go for a walk to cope with stress is controlled by which of the following nervous system
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Somatic
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Which term best fits a type a personality
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Cynical
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Which of the following describes a person with a type B personality
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Contemplative
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Which personality trait seems to enable people to deal more successfully with stress
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Hardiness
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A person who has difficulty expressing emotions suppresses anger and feels hopeless has characteristics of which personality type
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Type B
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Which statement about people with hardy personalities is false
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They view stressors as challenges
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Lia has a hearty personality how is she likely to react or respond to a stressor
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Lia views the stressor as a challenge and an opportunity to learn
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The normal progression for the General adaptation syndrome is
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Alarm resistance and exhaustion
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The General adaptation syndrome theorizes that stress
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Can be either eustress or distress
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With sustained stress level of homeostasis occurs during the blank stage of the General adaptation syndrome
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Resistance
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Tom is very anxious about an upcoming exam he has no appetite is easily distracted and has a headache what stage of gas is tom in
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Alarm
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The leading cause of death in the United States is
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Cardiovascular disease
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The six major risk factors for cardiovascular disease that can be changed are
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Tobacco use high blood pressure diabetes stress physical inactivity heredity
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Which of the following cardiovascular disease risk factors I'm not modifiable
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Family history of CVD
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Smoking is not affect the cardiovascular system by
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Decreasing heart rate
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Which statement about how smoking harms the cardiovascular system is not true
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Smoking decreases plaque formation
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Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke causes approximately blank non-smokers to die of heart diseases annually
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35,000
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Sustained high blood pressure can be an indicator of
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Increased resistance to Arterial blood flow
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Which one of the following blood pressure readings would be considered healthy for a young adult
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110/80
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And Adele is diagnosed with hypertension win the point for blood pressure is at or above
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140/90
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A person with high blood pressure should not increase their intake of
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Redmeat
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The primary symptoms of hypertension is
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Nothing it usually has no symptoms
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People with hypertension African-Americans and middle-aged and older adults should aim to consume no more then blank milligrams sodium per day
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1500
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While cholesterol is important for many body functions excess cholesterol is hazardous to health because it is deposited
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On artery walls
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The form of blood fact that carries cholesterol out from the liver to other parts of the body and can lead to cholesterol deposits on artery walls is
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Low density lipoprotein (LDL)
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The form of cholesterol that shuttles cholesterol back to the liver for recycling is
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High density lipoprotein (HDL)
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The national cholesterol education program recommends that all adults have their lipoprotein levels measured at least once every
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Five years
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For adults a desirable level of total cholesterol is less than
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200mg/dl
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A desirable level of HDL for adults is
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Less than 200 MG/ DL
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Which one of the following cholesterol profiles would play someone at greatest risk for heart disease
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Low HDL and high LDL
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Exercise alters blood fat levels by
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Raising L DL levels
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Which of the following is the route to 30% of cancer deaths
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Smoking
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Cancer is best described as
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An abnormal and uncontrollable multiplication of cells
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The primary difference between a benign tumor and a malignant tumor is that
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Malignant tumors can spread to other sites in the body
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Meta-stasis occurs when
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Cancer cells break off and invade other body parts
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The number of people diagnosed with cancer each year is about
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1.5 million
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The most common cause of cancer death in the United States is
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Lung cancer
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The chief risk factor for lung cancer is
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Tobacco smoke
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Any substance that causes cancer is called a
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Carcinogen
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Environmental tobacco smoke is
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A risk factor for lung cancer
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Jose has a family history of colon cancer to lower his personal risk of the disease he should consider
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Increasing his intake of redmeat
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A common test useful in early detection of colon cancer's is
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Stool blood test
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A signal of colon and rectal cancer is
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Rectal bleeding
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The most common form of cancer in women is
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Breast cancer
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What do obesity and alcohol use have in common that increases breast cancer risk
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They increase estrogen levels in the blood
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Which of the following is not a risk factor for breast cancer
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Alcohol use
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The American Cancer Society recommends routine use of mammography to detect breast cancer for women over age
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20
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Which of the following statements about the prostate gland is false
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When enlarged prostate gland can block the flow of urine
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The most common cancer in men is
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Prostate cancer
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Which of the following is not a risk factor for prostate cancer
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A diet rich in vegetable fiber
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Prostate cancer cannot be detected by
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Radiation
