question

the term used to describe the speed and intensity with which a pathogen is likely to cause an infection is

answer

virulence

question

when a tick transfers lyme disease from a deer to a human, the tick is considered the

answer

vector ( in the chanin of infection)

question

viruses are able to replicate on their own

answer

FALSE

question

protozoa rarely cause illness in humans

answer

FALSE

question

common examples of pathogens are pollen/ bee stings/ drugs/ and animal hair

answer

false

question

candisis

answer

Fungus

question

tapeworms

answer

helminth

question

lymphocutes that monitor blood and tissue fluid

answer

b cells

question

after an infection or immunization, memory cells develop and can lead to a rapud response if the same organism is encountered by the body again. The person is said to have

answer

immunity

question

Hepatitis C

answer

No vaccine availible

question

the most common infectious disease in the world is

answer

tuberculosis

question

Malaria is commonly spread by poor sanitation

answer

False

question

the most common sexually transmitted disease in the United States

answer

Human papollomavirus

question

which of the following situations has NOT been shown to transmit HIV between indivuals

answer

casual contact

question

affected by balance of diet and exercise

answer

Immune System

question

the acute inflammatory response is part of which immune system

answer

innate

question

NOT a physical barrier against infection

answer

lysozyme

question

Not a chemical barrier against infection

answer

skin

question

Helper T cells

answer

do not produce antibodies

question

allergic reactions occur when

answer

the same process that helps protect against infection is directed toward a noninfectious agent

question

Antibiotic use is a factor in

answer

antibiotic resistance

question

which of the following is the pneumonia-type illness that surfaced in February 2003 in China an caused an epidemic scare

answer

severe acute respirator syndrome (SARS)

question

some people oppose vaccinations because

answer

they believe the risks associated with the vaccines themselves are too great

question

Our growing focus on hygiene may help to

answer

push us into the post antibiotic era

question

the main factors believed to influence bacterial resistance are

answer

frequency of resistance genes among bacteria and antibiotic overuse

question

Most common infectious diseases worldwide

answer

tuberculosis

question

People with HIV infection have a Greater risk than the rest of the population for

answer

development of TB

question

worldwide the three leading infectious disease causes of death

answer

pneumia, diarrhea, and tuberculosis

question

Drug resistant tuberculosis

answer

serious concern among at risk populations

question

a staph infection is caused by a rare bacteria on the skin

answer

Fals

question

the most common sexually transmitted disease in the united states is

answer

HPV

question

human immunodeficiency virus

answer

an infected person does not always remains symptomatic after the viral load set point is established

question

Hepatitis C most severely affects which area of the body

answer

liver

question

current practice calls for all sexually active women to receive regualar Pap test to screen for cervical cancer

answer

True

question

viral STDs

answer

NOT curable with antibiotics

question

Not a recommendation for preventing infectious diseases

answer

wash your hands frequently with antibacterial soap

question

washing your hands frequently

answer

helpful in preventing the transmission of infectious disease

question

everyone agrees that there are no potential risk if parents choose not to have their children receive government recommended vaccinations

answer

true

question

Antibiotics

answer

bacterial infections

question

different infectious diseases may be common in different countries and parts of a country

answer

true

question

mad cow disease

answer

prion

question

Not a parasite

answer

fungi

question

white blood cell that is responsible for the antibody prodduction in the aquired immunity response

answer

B cells

question

the lymphocytes that are responsible for monitoring the events that occur inside the bodys cells are which type of cell

answer

t cell

question

the pneumonia- type illness that caused an epidemic scare when it surfaced in china in Februaryu 2003 was

answer

severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)

question

urbanization contributes to the spread

answer

tuberculosis

question

pneumonia is the leading cause of infectious disease and death worldwide

answer

true

question

a safe and effective vaccine is availble for which of the following sexually transmitted diseases

answer

hepatitis b

question

fredrico has painful sores on his penis which std does he have

answer

herpes simplex

question

over use of antibacterial products

answer

is never a good idea

question

Exercise is directly linked to a reduction in risk

answer

breast cancer.

question

Biological cancer therapies involve the introduction of infectious agents that attack cancer cells.

answer

false

question

All of the following statements regarding cervical cancer screening are true, EXCEPT:

answer

women should begin cervical cancer screening when they are 25.

question

The common features of a red, scaly base with a non-healing sore describe which type of skin cancer?

answer

squamous cell

question

Risk factors for breast cancer include

answer

a family history of breast cancer.

question

The leading cause of cancer death

answer

lung

question

NOT a source of ionizing radiation

answer

uva rays

question

The most significant risk factor for most cancers is

answer

age

question

Craig recently passed away from a cancer that started in his bone marrow; what type of cancer caused Craig's death?

answer

leukemia

question

Kyle has a cancer of the lymph nodes or glands; what type of cancer does Kyle have?

answer

lymphoma

question

Research shows correlation between a sense of spirituality

answer

and a better quality of life living with cancer

question

People with cancer have an increased risk

answer

developing a second cancer.

question

Your health insurance will not drop you if you are diagnosed with

answer

cancer.

question

A cancer patient maintaining a sense of control in treatment is

answer

associated with better health outcomes.

question

Many cancers

answer

curable or controlable

question

treatment for cancer of the white blood cells

answer

bone marrow transplant

question

treatment may help reduce the side effects of chemotherapy

answer

immunotherapy

question

Which of the following is a local treatment that can destroy cancer cells with minimal damage to surrounding tissue?

answer

radiatiom

question

If a cancer is detected early, is small, and is localized, which of the following is a likely treatment?

answer

surgery

question

Belinda recently completed a treatment program for breast cancer. For the last year, she took a drug treatment that worked to interfere with rapid cell division; what type of cancer treatment did Belinda undergo?

answer

chemotherapy

question

Why is there no screening test for ovarian cancer?

answer

No test has been shown to improve detection without increasing harm.

question

Early detection is the key to successful treatment of cancer.

answer

true

question

Genetic screening for cancer

answer

is possible

question

Cancer screenings may produce false positives.

answer

true

question

No screening tests exist for which of the following cancers?

answer

lung cancer

question

Which of the following statements regarding basal and squamous cell skin cancer is FALSE?

answer

Fair skin and sun exposure increase the risk for both cancers.

question

Which of the following statements about colon cancer is FALSE? →

answer

Postmenopausal women who take estrogen therapy have a higher risk of colon cancer.

question

Which of the following statements regarding prostate cancer is FALSE?

answer

Most warning signs occur in the early stages of cancer.

question

Factors that decrease the risk for breast cancer include all of the following, EXCEPT →

answer

use of hormone replacement therapy.

question

Diagnostic imaging by X-ray now uses the lowest doses required to obtain clear images to prevent cancer growth years after treatment.

answer

true

question

Cancer promoters directly alter a cell's DNA, creating a genetic alteration that can lead to cancer.

answer

false

question

Which of the following statements about sun exposure is FALSE?

answer

Sunburns during adulthood seem to be the most strongly associated with melanoma.

question

Which of the following statements about diet's effect on cancer is FALSE?

answer

Diets high in fiber appear to increase the risk of colon cancer.

question

Which of the following statements regarding tobacco use and cancer is FALSE?

answer

Smokers are no more likely to die from lung cancer than non-smokers.

question

Different tissues of the body all have relatively the same risk for cancer, yet they develop different forms of cancer.

answer

false

question

Mary Lou's cancer began in her skin and then spread to her liver and brain. What type of cancer does Mary Lou have?

answer

melanoma

question

The most common form of cancer, ___________________, is a large category of cancers that originate from epithelial tissue or epithelium.

answer

carcinoma

question

Which of the following does NOT trigger an initiating event?

answer

stem cell

question

Which of the following is NOT a safety mechanism in place to help maintain cell order and decrease the chance of cancer developing in the body?

answer

initiating events

question

In the United States, the survival rate for all types of cancer combined is over 60 percent.

answer

True

question

All of the following are skin cancers, EXCEPT

answer

sarcoma

question

You should have a colonoscopy if any other type of colon cancer screening produces a positive result.

answer

true

question

Chemotherapy commonly results in harm to both cancer cells and normal cells.

answer

true

question

Colon cancer screening tests include all of the following, EXCEPT

answer

colon-specific antigen test.

question

Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) does not increases the risk for

answer

colon cancer

question

NOT considered a risk factor for increased exposure to carcinogens

answer

dense forests

question

A mutation in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene is associated with an increased risk for

answer

breast cancer

question

What determines the type of cancer a person is diagnosed with?

answer

the tissue or primary site where a cancer originate

question

Cells that are capable of unlimited division and retain the ability to become different cell types are called

answer

stem cells

question

You can reduce your blood levels of low density lipoproteins by reducing your consumption of saturated fats.

answer

true

question

There is no reliable data to suggest that meditation can help decrease blood pressure.

answer

false

question

An electrocardiogram (EKG) is used to visualize

answer

electrical activity in the heart

question

treatment of cerebrovascular disease

answer

Clot-dissolving medications can NOT be used for all types of strokes.

question

Kevin woke up and had difficulty speaking. He went to the hospital and, several hours later, his speech was back to normal

answer

transient ischemic attack

question

peripheral vascular disease (PVD)

answer

NOT often fatal in older adults.

question

A blood clot that develops at a distant site and then travels to a blood vessel, where it becomes lodged and blocks blood flow

answer

embolism

question

Which of the following statements regarding symptoms of heart attacks is FALSE?

answer

All symptoms occur in all cases; they are just not always recognized.

question

atherosclerosis

answer

can be reversible

question

systemic circulation

answer

pumps oxygen-poor blood to the heart.

question

Gases and molecules may be exchanged directly through some

answer

capillary walls.

question

cardiovascular disease

answer

refers to abnormalities of the heart and blood vessels.

question

The right ventricle of the heart

answer

pumps oxygen poor blood into the lungs

question

How many chambers does the heart have?

answer

4

question

Regular small doses of aspirin

answer

used to reduce the risk of heart attacks and strokes.

question

Hypnosis may be useful in helping

answer

control hypertension and other chronic health problems

question

In this type of arrhythmia, the ventricles contract rapidly and erratically, causing the heart to quiver instead of beat rhythmically:

answer

ventrical fibirlation

question

High blood levels of the amino acid homocystein

answer

linked to increased risks of coronary artery disease and stroke.

question

Which of the following is NOT one of the known major controllable risk factors for cardiovascular disease?

answer

vitamin deficency

question

Perhaps the most important noncontrollable risk factor for cardiovascular disease is

answer

age

question

The group of cells in the right atrium that generates the heart's electrical signal and coordinates pumping actions is called the atrial node.

answer

false

question

how many chambers in the human heart

answer

4

question

Next to motor vehicle accidents, the most common cause of death for children between the ages of 1 and 14 is

answer

drowing

question

the biggest safety problem for bicycle riders is

answer

lack of visability to motorist

question

Batteries should be replaced in battery-powered fire detectors every

answer

6 to 12 months

question

hurricanes

answer

one of the most dangerous natural disasters that occur in the United States

question

Among the most economically developed nations in the world, the United States has the highest rate of

answer

murders with firarms

question

The most widespread response of U.S. schools to increasing youth violence has been more

answer

security and penilties for violence

question

hazing

answer

most commonly used for initiation to a group

question

infants

answer

most likely to be victims of child abuse

question

applies most directly to the gun control debate

answer

2nd amendment of US constitution

question

Age 12 and under

answer

should ride in the back seat

question

Most pedestrian deaths do NOT occur

answer

when pedestrians are walking in the roadway.

question

most common cause of injury visits to the emergency room for younger children and older adults

answer

Falls

question

Majority of back injurys

answer

poor lifting

question

to avoid injury from computer use

answer

screen should be level with top of your eyes

question

Elder abuse

answer

usually by a family members

question

cycle of domestic violencE

answer

kindness and loving behavior. acute battering tension building.

question

ate crimes against lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgendered persons

answer

increased on college campuses in recent years.

question

category of victimization defined as the imposition of sexual activity on someone through the threat of nonphysical force

answer

sexual coersion

question

First-year college women during the first few weeks of their first semester.

answer

at highest risk for sexual assault

question

leading cause of unintentional injury death for Americans at all ages

answer

motor vehicle crash

question

American Heart Association announced that hands-only CPR with just chest compressions is just as effective as standard CPR with mouth-to-mouth breathing for

answer

sudden cardiac arrest

question

All-terrain vehicles are known for being especially susceptible to

answer

roll over accidents

question

most common symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome

answer

numbness and pain

question

One of the main risk factors for becoming a victim of violent crime in the United States is being

answer

being a member of a minority group

question

ourt cases have determined that hate speech on campus can only be restricted if it

answer

has been proven to inflict harm

question

The primary goal of terrorist acts

answer

is NOT usually to make a statement of ethnic superiority.

question

the entertainment industry

answer

ecently given more attention to self-regulation.

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