question

Which of the following is a typical reimbursement method for families with a child in the hospital.

answer

combination of these is likely: private insurance (Blue Cross/ Blue Shield), Medicaid, HMO's or PPO's

question

In the hospital setting, OTs almost never use the OTPF intervention type called prevent. T or F

answer

False

question

An occupational therapist is a mandated reporter of child abuse in the hospital system and must let appropriate hospital staff know if abuse is suspected. T or F

answer

True

question

This first step in the process of the OT evaluation in the hospital is ___________________.

answer

a doctor's referral or orders

question

Some children will be served in the hospital in general medical surgical units, while others will be served in ICU type units, and still others will be served in special care units if they require isolation. A therapist working in one of the special care units for isolation might encounter which of the following type of clients?

answer

pediatric clients with burns or cancer

question

The OT working in the pediatric hospital in a rehabilitation unit will likely encounter which of the following types of diagnoses?

answer

children with neurological conditions such as TBI, CVA, or SCI

question

Which of the following strategies would be considered a rehabilitative approach?

answer

modifying an ADL task with adaptive equipment to make the task easier

question

A pediatric therapist may find him or herself treating pediatric clients working in which of the following types of hospitals ?

answer

All of these: trauma center, general hospital, children's hospital

question

A primary focus of the OT working in the hospital setting is ______________.

answer

ADLs

question

Occupational therapists working in a hospital facility will be subject to regulations and policies such as CMS and CARF, and will be required to undergo training related to blood borne pathogens. T or F

answer

True

question

The four phases of swallowing are

answer

oral preparatory phase, oral phase, pharyngeal phase, and esophogeal phase

question

Aspiration occurs when the epiglottis does not lower and protect the airway and food or liquid enters the trachea. T or F

answer

True

question

There are multiple methods of addressing feeding difficulties depending on the reason for them. For a child with neuromuscular issues and poor postural control, one important strategy that may improve oral motor and feeding skill is the use of _________________

answer

positioning devices to provide external support for postural control

question

The best method of assessment for feeding and oral motor skills is _______________

answer

Observation

question

Infants can usually begin to transition to some more solid foods and the use of the spoon at approximately what age?

answer

6 months

question

Feeding issues are relatively rare in children with disability. T or F

answer

False

question

Most of the infant reflexes around feeding (rooting for example) are fading between 3 and 6 months of age. T or F

answer

True

question

The differences in oral and pharyngeal structures of the infant ensures that

answer

aspiration is less likely under the age of 4 months and infants can be fed in a less upright position

question

You are working with a 6 year old child with cerebral palsy who has significant oral motor issues. She is experiencing tongue thrust, and poor lip closure and her bite and rooting reflexes are still present. Which of the following strategies might you try to determine if she can more successfully manage oral feeding?

answer

Use of jaw control (therapist positions fingers under jaw and around lips/chin)

question

Which of the following phases of swallowing are under voluntary control in older children and teenagers?

answer

oral preparatory and oral phases

question

Sierra was born at 30 weeks gestation and weighed 8 pounds 2 ounces. Into which category does this place her?

answer

Large for gestational age

question

Which approach best describes how occupational therapists help neonates in today's neonatal intensive care unit (NICU)?

answer

Provide individualized, relationship-based, family-centered developmental care to neonates

question

At what age does the suck-swallow reflex emerge?

answer

28-30 weeks gestation

question

What does pca stand for in the following sentence: Cody is a 39 wk pca wm born at 25 WBD, 24 WBE by SVD?

answer

Postconceptual age

question

Which behavior is not a sign of stress in premature infants?

answer

Sucking

question

Harry was born at 28 weeks gestation on May 2, 2009; what is his corrected age on September 1, 2009?

answer

1 month

question

As a new team member to the NICU, the occupational therapy practitioner should begin her first day by doing what?

answer

Establishing trust relationships with other team members

question

Kangaroo care refers to the mother carrying her infant in a pouch like sling over her shoulder the majority of the time- to hold the infant close while it is sleeping. T or F

answer

False

question

Gavin was born at 30 weeks gestation with Apgar scores of 3 (1 minute) and 9 (5 minutes). What do these scores indicate?

answer

Gavin progressed quickly, which is a good indicator.

question

Which NICU intervention is recommended for infants beginning at 31 or 32 weeks?

answer

Daily infant massage

question

What is the recommendation for visual stimulation for an infant at or past term?

answer

Provide visual stimuli when the infant is awake

question

What is the level of nursery housed in a community hospital in which most of the deliveries are from normal pregnancies and thus the newborns have few complications?

answer

Level I

question

Which NICU intervention is recommended for younger infants, between 23 and 31 weeks?

answer

Gentle touch

question

Which statement is true concerning light and the neonate?

answer

Baseline levels of light are recommended for infants younger than 28 weeks gestation

question

What is the best type of auditory stimulation for a young neonate?

answer

Parent voices

question

The areas of occupation typically affected in individuals with ASD include

answer

All of these: limited social participation, difficulties with play, delayed development of independence with ADLs

question

Principles of family centered care include

answer

collaboration and family choice

question

It is important to make sure the therapist asks about which of the following issues during an initial evaluation?

answer

Safety and escapism

question

For a child with sensory defensiveness and limited diet, which of the following foods might be best tolerated because of its sensory properties?

answer

Raisins

question

Which of the following supports might an occupational therapist suggest for a young child struggling with transitions from the classroom to the lunchroom at school?

answer

All of these: A reward with preferred food upon entering the lunchroom successfully, A visual or picture schedule on the desk and reminders of upcoming transition time, A favorite toy to carry to the lunchroom

question

Which of the following is a key new feature of the diagnosis of ASD according to the DSM V?

answer

Unusual responses to sensation

question

One of the most commonly used interventions for children with ASD, widely accepted as being evidenced based, is applied behavioral analysis. T or F

answer

True

question

Why is it important to explain to the family why you are asking what you are asking during an evaluation?

answer

It helps them understand the role of OT

question

The CO-OP approach stresses

answer

Mastering specific skills that have been chosen by the child

question

Which of the following issues is common for a family with a child with ASD

answer

All of these: social isolation, difficulty obtaining early diagnosis and needed services, impact of the disorder on family finances

question

Which of the following is used to help children identify which topics or activities are appropriate to discuss or to do with different people and in various settings?

answer

Privacy circles

question

Which of the following has the most evidence to support the effectiveness of its use for children with ASD?

answer

Video modeling

question

Which of the following can be a useful tool for measuring social skills progress because of its ability to identify and measure progress toward very individualized goals, which may not be included in standard assessments?

answer

Goal Attainment Scale (GAS)

question

One strategy for developing appropriate social skills focuses on a child's special interest or favorite character. This is

answer

power cards

question

Which of the following is often used up to 40 hours per week and helps children perform socially significant behaviors through a reinforcement training technique?

answer

Applied Behavioral Analysis

question

Which of the following focuses on the lack of self-organizing elements required in general learning?

answer

Executive dysfunction

question

Working on strategies to calm one's self is an example of which type of social goal?

answer

Executive function skills

question

A strategy that involves the therapist and student identifying the problem, discussing the possible solutions and the consequences of those solutions, and then practicing the plan of action that the student chooses is called

answer

SOCCSS (Situation, Options, Consequences, Choices, Strategies, Simulations)

question

In a children's social skills group, which of the following supports the idea that children learn by observing the behavior of others, which includes two phases: acquisition and performance?

answer

Social cognitive

question

In a children's social skills group, strategies that allow the participants to make as many choices as possible to satisfy their needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness are used. This group is most likely based on which of the following?

answer

Self determination

question

What three general approaches can an occupational therapist take to behavior management? Choose three.

answer

All of these: Reward appropriate behavior, Prevent challenging behavior, Support positive behavior

question

Complete the following sentence. All challenging behavior

answer

Serves a purpose

question

Six-year-old Peyton is participating in a small group therapy session. The group participants are waiting in line for turns on an obstacle course. Peyton is unable to maintain a quiet body or stay in line. She impulsively runs about the room and jumps onto pillows or rolls on the floor. The therapist provides all of the children with plastic pads that she calls their waiting spots. She instructs the children to stay on their spots while waiting for their turn. This strategy is an example of which of the following?

answer

Clarifying expectations

question

Maintaining regularity in the physical environment and in the order of daily activities is an example of which of the following strategies?

answer

Establishing predictability and consistency

question

Which statement is true regarding the functional behavioral assessment?

answer

It is an intensive and critical first step in developing an effective positive behavior support plan

question

Which of the following have been established by research to be motivators for challenging behavior?

answer

Obtain something

question

Anthony is a fourth-grader in a typical classroom who demonstrates frequent oppositional behaviors. He does not have a diagnosis or receive special services. His teacher has noted that he does not do his work whenever verbal instructions are given to the class. When she approaches to offer assistance, he throws his work off his desk and yells at her to leave him alone. The most appropriate first step in developing an intervention plan to help Anthony is

answer

Conduct a functional behavioral assessment

question

Positive behavior support (PBS)

answer

Includes systems-wide approaches

question

Which of the following is NOT an environmental modification strategy for supporting self-regulation?

answer

Providing a variety of loud stimulating activities

question

Preventing challenging behavior is

answer

A proactive approach to behavior management

question

It is bedtime for 10-year-old Johnny. After lying down for about 5 minutes, he gets out of bed and repeatedly throws himself on the bed while grunting and holding his stomach. He continues in this behavior for about 8 minutes then climbs back into bed. After approximately 3 minutes, Johnny gets back out of bed and resumes throwing himself onto it. Which of the following approaches should be a first-line strategy for addressing the behavior?

answer

Rule out pain or illness

question

Contingency methods of behavior management

answer

Involve withholding strategies

question

Five-year-old Carlotta has poor visual motor and fine motor skills. She resists using her hands for manipulative activities such as stringing beads, lacing cards, and practicing buttons. When these tasks are presented, she typically screams, throws items, and pulls her hands behind her back. Her preferred activities include gross motor play such as climbing and jumping. The therapist designs an activity in which Carlotta climbs a rock wall, unclips a clothespin from a rope, carries the clothespin down the wall and across a balance beam, then uses the clothespin to clip letter cards onto a chart. This activity represents which of the following?

answer

Alternating preferred and non-preferred activities

question

Some common reasons that children exhibit challenging behaviors include

answer

Pain or illness

question

Positive behavior during transitions can be supported through

answer

Use of physical objects that represent the next activity

question

Multiple occupational therapy researchers have engaged in the study of play as an important focus of occupational therapy. The first major OT author to focus our attention on play was _______________

answer

Mary Reilly

question

Play is an intrinsically motivated activity and therefore context is unimportant in a child's play choices and play preferences. T or F

answer

False

question

Occupational therapists routinely assess play using a multitude of acceptable play assessments. T or F

answer

False

question

One way to enhance playfulness and create a more playful atmosphere is to ensure the provision of toys and materials that are flexible and have multiple affordances. T or F

answer

True

question

In occupational therapy, we consider play in two ways, as a means to achieve goals in other areas (FM, GM) and as an important end in itself. T or F

answer

True

question

The most common types of play during the preschool years are _________________.

answer

pretend, manipulative/construction, and gross motor such as swinging, sliding, and climbing

question

An important characteristic of play that must be considered when we use play in OT is ____.

answer

Free choice of child

question

An important strategy for enhancing playfulness is to provide materials that are __________________

answer

Flexible in how they can be used

question

If an OT wishes to assess developmental abilities through play, the best tool would be the

answer

Knox Preschool Play Scale

question

According to Bundy's work on playfulness, important characteristics of playfulness include _______________

answer

intrinsic motivation, internal control, and ability to suspend reality

question

For a child with sleep problems, OTs may choose to use either a behavioral or a sensory FOR to appoach the sleep problems. If the therapist was using a behavioral FOR or approach, which of the following might he or she try for a child who is having trouble with falling to sleep at bedtime?

answer

establish a consistent bedtime routine with a visual timer and the reward of having the child's mother read a favorite story when the child is in bed on time

question

For a 7 year old child with a medical or physiologic issue that makes it impossible to "feel" when he or she needs to use the bathroom, which of the following might be the best compensatory strategy to allow the child to be as much like his or her peers as possible.

answer

use habit training and make sure to go to the bathroom at frequent and regular intervals to reduce the chance of accidents

question

Which of the following are appropriate methods of evaluation of ADLs in children?

answer

All of these

question

A typical 6 year old can take a bath or shower completely independently. T or F

answer

False

question

A typical two year old is toilet trained. T or F

answer

False

question

For a school age child with sleep problems, the OT should consider which of the following as possible problems to rule out?

answer

All of these

question

In a bottom up approach to evaluation the therapist would first observe ADL performance and then make hypotheses about the client factors that are causing any observed difficulties. T or F

answer

False

question

To help a child master the sequence of steps of a new ADL task or activity, which of the following behavioral approaches may be the most appropriate?

answer

Backward or forward training

question

For some children, the best method to improve ADL performance is to modify the task to enable greater independence. T or F

answer

True

question

One of the best ways to evaluate ADL performance is through observation and task analysis. T or F

answer

True

question

If the therapist was using the developmental approach to address ADL performance, which of the following sequences might be an appropriate sequence to work on dressing performance for a preschool child (age 3-4)?

answer

donning shoes, unzipping jacket or coat, buttoning large buttons

question

There are multiple methods of enhancing ADL performance in intervention. One of these is the use of environmental or task cues. Which of the following is an example of using cues to facilitate performance.

answer

For a teenager with TBI, and cognitive defecits only, the therapist tapes a written list of the proper sequence of steps for the teen to take to do his laundry independently on the washing machine and also provides the same list in picture/ symbol form.

question

Which is the next skill in the sequence of dressing? Removes clothing and shoes puts on a pullover independently completes clothing fasteners such as zippers, buttons, and snaps on the front of clothing ____________________________________

answer

ties knots in shoes

question

Four year old children should be able to put on their shoes and socks, and tie their shoes themselves. T or F

answer

False

question

There are many factors that can impact ADL function for a child. They include which of the following?

answer

All of these

question

For a child who has the cognitive capacity to learn and understand how to dress, but lacks the physical ability to sit independently to dress herself, which of the following adaptations might be most appropriate?

answer

provide external supports for sitting such as special seating and ensure all materials are within reach to reduce the need for weight shifts and postural control

question

Skills with clothing fasteners such as buttons, snaps, and zippers are learned during the preschool years (3-5 years of age) T or F

answer

True

question

While observing a child trying to dress himself, you notice the following. He is able to grasp the shirt and he has full AROM, and good strength. He is unable to don the shirt independelty as he appears unable to find the holes for the sleeves once he gets his head through the neck opening. You might try which of the following strategies to improve his performance?

answer

All of these

question

One of the ways OTs help children improve ADL performance and gain skills is through grading activities during therapy sessions. Which of the following is an appropriate way to grade the activity of buttoning for a 5 year old child who can not button 10 1/4- inch buttons in 3 minutes.

answer

All of these

question

Cognitive strategies such as the CO-OP approach allow the child to learn how to problem solve his or her way through a challenging task T or F

answer

True

question

Completing a direct observation of the child while writing in the classroom is a crucial step in an OT evaluation of handwriting. T or F

answer

True

question

Which of the following grasps is NOT considered to be a mature and functional writing grasp in elementary school?

answer

Palmar supinate

question

Which of the following frames of reference would you likely use to treat handwriting problems for a child having trouble with writing grasp strength and endurance for upright posture?

answer

Biomechanical

question

Based on what we know of development of visual motor control from the research for the Beery VMI, in order for children to write the entire alphabet well, they should at least be able to make which forms?

answer

Triangle, cross, diagonal lines

question

You are working on handwriting using either Benbow's Loops and Other Groups program or the Handwriting Without Tears program. One common feature of these programs is ___________________

answer

The use of verbal cues to assist with the motor learning of letter formation

question

In the typical progression of writing skills, children do the following things in which order?

answer

scribbling, forming discrete dots and lines, making straight line or circular letters, upper case letters, lower case letters, numerals and then words

question

An OT is working with a child who is VERY interested in tractors. This child needs to work on handwriting so the therapist brings in a catalog of John Deere lawn tractors and has the child write the names of his favorite tractors from the catalog. This is an example of which of the themes emphasized in chapter one?

answer

strengths based approach

question

A child who is writing with proper posture and using proper motor patterns to form the letters, but who is making the letters much too large will likely have trouble with which aspect of legibility?

answer

alignment or baseline orientation of the letter on the writing line

question

Which of the following would help you choose which assessment tool to evaluate handwriting in a student?

answer

All of these: whether the test assesses cursive or manuscript. There must be a match for the child's level of writing, whether or not it is norm-referenced or criterion referenced, the age range for the assessment tool.

question

A thorough evaluation of handwriting will consider which of the following areas

answer

pre-writing skills such as in-hand manipulation, visual-perceptual motor skills such as ability to recognize letter forms, and form basic letter shapes, ergonomic factors such as writing grasp and posture, writing legibility, writing speed

question

Which of the following aspect of handwriting require efficient sensory processing abilities?

answer

All of these: grasping the writing implement properly without dropping it or breaking it, using the correct amount of pressure to not rip or tear the paper while writing, completing the proper motor plan to form the letters automatically and without looking

question

In order for a child to participate in visual perceptual motor activities like writing and cutting, first he or she much have this basic function of visual perception.

answer

Visual attention

question

Which of the following is NOT a pre-requisite skill for handwriting?

answer

Typical gross motor development

question

You are working on handwriting with a child with behavior issues and you decide to provide the child with a favored activity after each time the child writes a full sentence. You are using which frame of reference (FOR)?

answer

Behavioral

question

Copying, composition, and writing from dictation are all domains of handwriting that may need to be evaluated by an occupational therapist T or F

answer

True

question

When using the CO-OP approach to teach a child how to tie his or her shoelaces, using the term "bunny ears" is what kind of domain specific strategy (DSS)?

answer

Verbal motor mnemonic

question

Which one of the following is not a key feature of the CO-OP approach?

answer

Independence

question

A group of skills that allow a person to engage in goal directed autonomous behavior is __________.

answer

Self determination

question

What is the global problem-solving strategy used in the CO-OP approach to help facilitate the child's learning?

answer

Goal, plan, do, check

question

What are the four stages of the CO-OP approach?

answer

( 1) skill acquisition; (2) cognitive strategy use; (3) generalization; and (4) transfer of learning

question

Why is metacognition important in developing a child's occupational performance?

answer

It enables children to learn to evaluate their performance of a task and reflect on their areas of strength and weakness

question

What is the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD)?

answer

It is a range of skills that the child can achieve through social interaction with a more competent individual

question

In cognitive approaches the process of skill acquisition moving from a covert to overt process is aided through scaffolding.

answer

False

question

Which of the following is a TRUE statement regarding cognitive interventions?

answer

Cognitive interventions are performance-based interventions that take a "top down" approach to developing occupational competence

question

Why is ensuring the engagement of the child in the learning process important in successfully implementing cognitive approaches?

answer

The child will reflect and interpret information for lifelong learning

question

Why should the therapist evaluate the child's occupational performance before, during, and after completing the CO-OP intervention protocol?

answer

It promotes evidence-informed practice

question

Research has shown that the CO-OP approach can only be used as an intervention for children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD). T or F

answer

False

question

What is the difference between a global and domain-specific cognitive strategy?

answer

Domain-specific cognitive strategies are specific to a task or part of a task, and can vary depending on the child and the situation. A global cognitive strategy helps to control and coordinate other strategies and is consistently used during and after the intervention process

question

What are the four main elements of guided discovery?

answer

One thing at a time. Ask, don't tell. Coach, don't adjust. Make it obvious

question

Which statement best describes the psychosocial development of late adolescents?

answer

Strengthen relationships with parents

question

Why must occupational therapy practitioners also be aware of the emotional adjustments for parents of teens with disabilities?

answer

They may be more aware of the barriers and limitations that exist for their children

question

Adolescents with disabilities may require occupational therapy services to help them achieve independence in self-care skills. What is frequently the reason for the need for additional services?

answer

Physical growth of teen, leading to performance difficulties

question

What might be the consequences for adolescents who engage in activities such as cutting, excessive piercings and tattoos, or extreme weight loss?

answer

This may further alienate vulnerable teens from mainstream society

question

Which statement best describes the psychosocial development of middle adolescents?

answer

Replace parents with peers as the significant influence in their life

question

What is the term for how one views his or her physical self?

answer

Body image

question

Tyra is a 14-year-old girl who lives with her two older brothers (16 and 18) and parents. Tyra has global developmental delays and intellectual disability. She attends a regular high school, where she takes special education classes and some regular classes as possible. Recently, Tyra has expressed anger and irritability, snapping frequently at peers. However, some days she presents as a pleasant and giddy teen. What is the most likely cause of this behavior?

answer

Changing moods are typical of adolescence

question

Which of the following behaviors are indicative of a teen with negative self-esteem?

answer

Makes self-deprecating comments, makes excuses

question

Which statement best describes the role of the occupational therapist working with an adolescent with disabilities?

answer

Help provide opportunities for teens to engage in typical adolescent experiences, make their own choices, and engage in social relationships

question

Which fact about American teenagers is true?

answer

More than 90% of teens (16 and 17) are enrolled in school

question

Which group of adolescents is more likely to demonstrate lower self-esteem and poor self-concept associated with body image and engage in more risky behaviors?

answer

Early maturing girls

question

How does allowing adolescents with disabilities to choose clothing and experiment with their appearance benefit them?

answer

It contributes to self-identity and body image

question

According to research, which statement best reflects the self-esteem of teens with disabilities?

answer

They have lower self-esteem about physical competencies, but not social skills, and physical appearance

question

Why should occupational therapists working with teens be receptive to discussions about sex?

answer

Teens with disabilities are more likely to experience sexual abuse

question

Gray is an excellent student who has always followed her parents' rules. She has never challenged any of their rules or disobeyed them. Her parents state, "She is the easiest teen, so agreeable all the time." Gray has decided to go to college nearby, per her parents' request. According to Marcia, what stage of identity formation does this demonstrate?

answer

Identity forclosure

question

Which age group is most developmentally ready to begin formal vocational exploration, instrumental activities of daily living, and community participation in occupational therapy?

answer

Early adolescence (12-15)

question

Sam is a 14-year-old with Down syndrome. After many successful years in supported school and therapy contexts, Sam is demonstrating goal-directed, self-regulated, independent behaviors and attitudes. Which term best describes this?

answer

Self determination

question

Which assessment provides information for children birth to 20 years?

answer

PEDI-CAT

question

Sally, a school-based occupational therapist, has decided to include her client, Mary, a 12-year-old girl with cerebral palsy, in her intervention planning, goal setting, and outcome data collection. Sally's intervention is an example of which of the following?

answer

Client-centered practice

question

In what contexts does research indicate that adolescents with developmental disabilities learn and develop best?

answer

Context that supports success

question

What is the overall goal of occupational therapy practice with children and youth as they enter adult roles?

answer

Community participation

question

John, an occupational therapy assistant, is working with Patrick, a 14-year-old boy with autism, on performance of instrumental activities of daily living. John has decided to set up the kitchen with ingredients needed to make a sandwich to facilitate Patrick's initiation in meal preparation. What type of intervention is this considered?

answer

Contextual approach

question

Which term best describes instrumental activities of daily living skills performed in an occupational therapy session in the natural setting?

answer

Occupation-based practice

question

In occupational therapy practice, what are sexuality, body image, personal hygiene, and setting of personal space boundaries for adolescents considered?

answer

Necessary life skills

question

Which of the following statements regarding occupational therapy evaluation of instrumental activities of daily living and community participation of children and youth is true?

answer

Program outcomes are considered valid in some contexts

question

In 1997, IDEA was reauthorized and amended. Key changes in the law included the addition of a general education focus. What are the implications of this change?

answer

General education teachers are now the teachers of all children, and students with disabilities participate in the general education curriculum

question

IDEA requires educationally relevant evaluations to be conducted by members of the IEP team. What would the occupational therapist bring to the evaluation process for a 16-year-old student who is eligible for special education and who is a quadriplegic as a result of a spinal cord injury at the age of 9?

answer

The student's current level of participation in available education activities

question

Which of the following are true of the Individualized Education Program (IEP)?

answer

It is a written plan and a legal document

question

Which statement is true regarding youth with disabilities (according to National Longitudinal Transition Study 2) and postsecondary education?

answer

They may not consider themselves disabled by the time they enter postsecondary settings

question

Until what age are students eligible for transition services?

answer

22

question

James sustained a severe head injury when he was 13. At 18 he is participating in a transition program at his high school. He has applied for a courtesy clerk position at a major grocery store. He has completed an application and an interview. The prospective employer is uncertain about having an employee with a disability. The occupational therapist on the team who knows James and the demands of the job decides to discuss the nature of brain injury and supported employment with the owner. What kind of occupational therapy intervention is this?

answer

Education

question

What does the term related services not include?

answer

Vocational rehabilitaiton

question

Occupational therapists help to uphold the intent of IDEA. Which of the following represents optimal practice that is consistent with IDEA's intent?

answer

Occupational therapists enable students with and without disabilities to be educated together

question

Jonathan is a 15-year-old who sustained traumatic brain injury at the age of 5. He now has significant limitations when completing written classroom assignments. What should the education team do to help him?

answer

Identify appropriate transition goals

question

In what way did the 1997 amendments affect school-based occupational therapy services?

answer

General education teachers are now teachers for all children

question

Special education and services have been made available through the public education system to children and youth who have disabilities since passage of Public Law 94-142 the Education for all Handicapped Children Act of 1975 (EHA), currently known as IDEA. How is occupational therapy described in the EHA and its subsequent amendments?

answer

Related services

question

Cassie is an 18-year-old student with cerebral palsy who participates in a transition program. Before services, the education team completes an evaluation. Team members observe Cassie's performance during activities in selected environments. Based on careful observation, the activity demands and Cassie's ability to perform in each environment are noted. What kind of evaluation would you call this?

answer

Discrepancy analysis

question

In 1997, IDEA was reauthorized and amended. Which of the following are now legal mandates?

answer

Students with disabilities must participate in district and statewide school accountability efforts

question

There are many benefits associated with interagency linkages during the transition process for students with disabilities. Which of the following is true of interagency linkages?

answer

Interagency linkages can include shared financial responsibility for a student's transition services

question

Ian is a 17-year-old with cerebral palsy who uses a manual wheelchair that is pushed by others. He is sociable, and he likes to talk, although it costs him some effort. As the occupational therapist, you carry out an ecological assessment in the domestic domain. You consider it important to note on the assessment form that Ian and his mother communicate quite effectively during meal preparation through the mother's use of "yes" and "no" type of questions, to which Ian responds. How would you document this observation using an ecological assessment form?

answer

As performance

question

One of the most important pieces of legislation requiring the consideration and provision of needed assistive technology for children with disabilities is ___________

answer

IDEA

question

There are a multitide of options for "high tech" assistive technology and the OT practitioner must be aware of the types of devices that are available and how to problem solve to allow a child access. T or F

answer

True

question

Funding for assitive technology is very easy since the public schools are required to pay for assistive technology devices. T or F

answer

False

question

Providing assistive technology early in a child's life is unimportant. T or F

answer

False

question

Assistive technology devices are frequenlty abandoned because the device was chosen without respect to the individual's preferences, ideas or desires, or because the device has not lived up to expectations. T or F

answer

True

question

It is important to measure the outcomes of assistive technology devices and there are tools to help therapists do so. T or F

answer

True

question

Assistive technology services may include which of the following?

answer

All of these: training on device usage, monitoring of device and device usage, device procurement

question

Assistive technology is most helpful in which of the occupational performance areas?

answer

All of these: play, educational performance, social participation

question

Assistive technology is only provided by OTs who work in the school system. T or F

answer

False

question

Which of the following are areas that need to be assessed in an assistive technology assessment?

answer

All of these: cognition, motor capabilities, contextual features

question

Not all technology is high tech, many low tech options exist through the recent adoption of which of the following methods

answer

Universal design

question

The first step in an assistive technology assessment is to identify key activities that the child wants or needs to do or that the family wants him/her to be able to do. T or F

answer

True

question

It is important that OTs make assistive technology decisions on their own in order to ensure that the devices are appropriate for the client. T or F

answer

False

question

For young children with severe physical disability, the provision of assistive technology can reduce the likelihood of ____________.

answer

Learned helplessness

question

A pencil grip added to a pencil can be considered assistive technology. T or F

answer

True

question

Which of the following would not be pertinent criteria for evaluating the chosen assistive technology device?

answer

Style and attractiveness

question

As children use technology devices more often, it is critical for therapists to pay attention to their positioning and ergonomics to avoid injury. T or F

answer

True

question

Alternative and augmentative communication means

answer

any method of communication that does not require speech from the child

question

Consideration of assistive technology is clearly required by IDEA. T or F

answer

True

question

Both the HAAT model and the SETT model strongly consider this important factor in the decision making process for assistive technology

answer

the tasks that the student or client want or need to do and the environment in which the task occurs

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