Palmer Microbiology Unit 4 – Flashcards
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| cornebacterium diphtheriae |
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| Babes-Ernst bodies Diptheria toxin: shuts off protein synthesis in epithelial cells. Diptheria means leathery Treatment: anti toxin |
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| A. Nocardia |
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| Aerobic Leads to lumpy jaw |
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| Farmer's Lung |
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| Caused by Thermophilic Actinomycytes "Allergic pneumonitis" |
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| Whipple's disease |
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| Caused by Thermophilic Actinomycetes: Thrpheryma whipplii Malabsorption disease |
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| Tuberculosis |
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| "Consumption" Caused by Mycobacterium tuburculosis M. bovis can infect humans~milk pasteurization |
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| Pott's disease |
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| TB infection of vertebral column |
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| Granuloma |
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| Gathering of activated macrophages around TB |
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| Ghon's focus |
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| primary lestion of TB |
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| Myobacterium leprae |
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| Causes leprosy AKA Hansen's disease Armadillo is a non human source Lion Face and hypethesia (numbness) |
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| Clostridium |
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| Oxygen triggers sporulation Produce toxins |
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| Clostridium perfringens |
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| Entrerotoxin killed in cooking, produced in gut Causes Gas gangrene, Cellulitis, and clostroidial food poisoning |
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| Gas gangrene |
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| caused by C. perfringens Fermentation of muscle tisue, death in 2 days |
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| Cellulitis |
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| Caused by C. perfringens |
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| Clostridial food poisoning |
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| Caused by C. perfringens Third most common cause of food poisoning in US No fever, no nausea, no vomiting, yes cramps and diarhea. |
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| Clostridium difficile |
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| Normal GI flora highly resistant to antibiotics Treatment, fecal transfer |
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| Clostridium botulinum |
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| Most potent biological toxin-potential weapon Blocks neurotransmission-Flacid Paralysis Toxin is heat liable |
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| Infant botulism |
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| in vivo production of botulism toxin in innfant's large bowel. floppy baby Spores found in honey |
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| Clostridium tetani |
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| Resembles tennis racket Causes tetanus and Spastic paralisis Sardonic smile |
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| All gram negative bacteria have... |
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| endotoxins |
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| Neisseria spp. |
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| Look like coffee beans |
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| Neisseria gonorrheoeae |
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| 2nd most common STD in US Has Pilli Porin protein interferes with neutrophil killing. Women more likely to be infected after exposure. |
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| Purulent conjunctivitis |
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| associated with Neisseria gonorrhea |
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| Neisseria meningitidis |
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| Releases blebs of LOS Abrupt onset of conditions Kernig's and Brudzinski's orthopedic tests will be positive 25% mortality with treatment |
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| Escherichia Coli |
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| Normal flora in GI tract A UTI can cause back pain Majority of UTI's are caused by E. Coli, can lead to septicemia. |
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| Enterotoxigenic E. Coli |
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| Traveler's and infant diarrhea |
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| Enterohemorrhagic E. Coli |
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| Shiga toxin Bloody diarrgea Death |
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| Salmonella |
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| Not a toxin, a bacterial infection Chickens and turtles (all animals) |
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| Enteric Fever |
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| Caused by Salmonella typhi Intestinal hemorrhage |
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| Shigella spp |
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| inculdes S. dysenteriae Watery diarrhea Blood in stool |
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| Yersinia spp |
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| The plague, black death Transmited by the rat flea 3 forms Septicemic, pneumonic, bubonic |
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| Bubonic plague |
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| Not contagious, spreads through vector. |
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| Klebsiella pneumoniae |
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| Capsule Gooey mucoid Aspired Alchoholics prone Also causes wound and uti's |
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| Proteus spp |
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| Second major cause of UTI's eliminates urease |
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| Serratia marcescens |
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| Produce red pigment Grows on soup, but not a mold |
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| Vibrio spp |
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| found in shell fish, water, estuaries Causes Cholera |
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| Vibreo cholerae |
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| "rice water" stools, extreme diarrhea Replace water and electrolites! |
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| Campylobacter jejuni |
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| Found in raw chicken diarrhea, malaise, bloody stools Guillaine-Barre syndrome (paralysis) |
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| Helicobacter pylori |
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| In 2/3 of everyone's stomachs Can cause ulcers |
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| Pseudomonas |
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| Produce water soluble blue green pigments Smells like musty grapes Resistant to antibiotics can grow in distilled water and disinfectant. Causes death by making biofilm in patients with cystic fibrosis or severe burns Swimmer's ear and hot tub folliculitis |
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| Haemophilus influenza |
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| Can cause meningitis Capsule makes type B important Big cause of Otitis media |
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| Heamophilus ducreyi |
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| STD chancroid or soft chancre: painful, bleeds easily, soft raised border |
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| Bordetella pertussis |
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| causes pertussis (whooping cough) vaccine destroys toxin, not bacteria endemic worldwide |
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| Brucella spp |
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| Contracted from contaminated milk Causes undulant fever |
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| Legionelle pneumophila |
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| First described in 1976 after a pneumonia outbreak at the American Legionnaire's convention Faculative intracellular paracytes can live within macrophages and amoeba |
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| Bartonella spp |
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| cat scratch disease |
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| Treponema pallidum pallidum |
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| causes syphilis cuses canchre open rash "great pox" |
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| T pallidum pertenue |
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| Yaws or frambesia (red rasberry lesions) |
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| Leptospira interrogans |
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| Hook at one end Shed in animal urine |
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| Leptospirosis |
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| Urinary tract disease Weil's disease |
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| Borrelia recurrentis |
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| Ticks and lice spread up to 10 relapses occur |
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| Borrelia burgdorferi |
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| Lyme disease: Migrains Bullseye lesion Bell's Palsy |
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| Mycoplasma |
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| No cell wall Worm like smallest free licing bacterium |
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| Mycoplasma pneumoniae |
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| walking pneumonia antibiotics targeting cell wall ineffective |
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| Rickettsia spp |
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| Rocky mountain spotted fever spread by arthropods (ticks, mites, lice, fleas) |
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| Rickettsia prowazekii |
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| Causes Epidemic Typhus and Brill zinsser disease (relaxing fever) Vector: human body louse |
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| Rickettsia typhi |
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| Causes endemic AKA Mexican typhus |
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| Orientia tsutsugamushi |
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| causes scrub typhus Vector: chigger form of mite Asia and South Pacific |
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| Coxiella burnetti |
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| Transmitted to cows by ticks, released into milk Causes Q fever |
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| Chlamydiae spp |
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| obligate intracellular Energy paracytes |
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| Chlamydia trachomatis |
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| Causes keratoconjunctivitis, leading cause of preventable blindness Causes swimming pool conjunctivitis, neonatal conjunctivitis, and infant pneumonia |
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| Chlamydia...the STD |
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| most common STD in US Asymptomatic in women May result in Reiter's syndrome |
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| Chlamydophila psittaci |
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| Causes psittacosis, parrot fever, ornithosis From birds |
