OB Chapter 12 – Flashcards
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Which of the following is the most accurate definition of leadership?
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Leadership is influencing, motivating, and enabling others to contribute toward the effectiveness and success of the organizations.
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Which of the following statements is most consistent with the view of shared leadership?
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Leadership of an organization is broadly distributed rather than assigned to one person.
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Which leadership theory or perspective adopts the view that leaders are agents of change?
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Transformational leadership perspective
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_____ represents the heart of transformational leadership.
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Strategic vision
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Which of the following refers to "walking the talk"?
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The leader steps out and behaves in ways that symbolize the vision.
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Charisma refers to:
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the personal traits that provide referent power over others.
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Organizational behavior research indicates that transformational leaders produce _____ followers, whereas charismatic leaders produce dependent followers.
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empowered
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Which of the following is a limitation of the transformational perspective of leadership?
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It is typically presented as a universal rather than contingency perspective.
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Managerial leaders:
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support and guide the performance and well-being of individual employees.
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Transformational leaders:
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energize and direct employees to a new vision and corresponding behaviors.
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Task-oriented leaders:
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establish challenging goals.
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_____ leadership includes showing mutual trust and respect for subordinates and having a desire to look out for their welfare.
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People-oriented
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_____ includes defining and structuring work roles, clarifying employees' work duties and procedures, and pushing employees to reach their performance capacity.
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Task-orientation
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According to studies of task- and people-oriented leadership effectiveness, the best leaders:
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Use both task-oriented and people-oriented behaviors
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Servant leadership emphasizes the notion that:
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leaders serve followers, rather than vice versa.
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Which of the following leadership theories or perspectives explicitly includes the participative and the directive styles?
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Path-goal theory
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Which of the following is a leadership style identified in path-goal theory?
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Achievement-oriented leadership
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Which of the following leadership styles in path-goal theory is the same as task-oriented leadership?
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Directive
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Which of the following leadership styles in path-goal theory is the same as people-oriented leadership?
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Supportive
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Which of the following leadership styles in path-goal theory is most closely associated with goal-setting and positive self-fulfilling prophecy?
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Achievement-oriented
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Path-goal theory argues that:
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effective leaders select the most appropriate behavior based on the situation.
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According to path-goal theory, a combination of _____ leadership is best for employees who are (or perceive themselves to be) inexperienced and unskilled.
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directive and supportive
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People with an external locus of control tend to be more satisfied with _____ leadership styles.
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directive and supportive
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Which of the following leadership styles should be used by leaders when team cohesiveness is low?
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Supportive
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A problem associated with path-goal theory is that:
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some elements of the theory have not yet been investigated.
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According to the situational leadership theory developed by Hersey and Blanchard, effective leaders should vary their style with the:
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ability and motivation of followers.
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Telling, selling, participating, and delegating represent the four leadership styles identified in:
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situational leadership theory.
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According to Fiedler's contingency model of leadership:
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leader effectiveness depends on whether the person's natural leadership style is appropriately matched to the situation.
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Which of the following explicitly argues that people have a preferred leadership style based on their personality, so organizations should move leaders into situations that fit their preferred style?
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Fiedler's contingency model of leadership
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Fiedler's contingency model of leadership states that the best leadership style depends on:
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the level of situational control.
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Fiedler's contingency model of leadership has made an important and lasting contribution to the study of leadership because it:
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suggests that organizations need to engineer the situation to fit the leader's preferred style.
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_____ theory identifies conditions that either limit the leader's ability to influence subordinates or make a particular leadership style unnecessary.
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Leadership substitutes
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Sanco Systems uses performance-based reward systems across various departments to keep employees directed toward organizational goals. The management at Sanco Systems believes that these rewards might replace or reduce the need for task-oriented leadership. Which of the following leadership theories supports this action?
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Leadership substitutes
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Implicit leadership theory states that:
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everyone has preconceived beliefs about leaders.
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The concept of leadership prototypes is an important component of:
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implicit leadership theory.
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Leadership prototypes refer to:
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preconceived beliefs about the features and behaviors of effective leaders.
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When people have leadership prototypes, they:
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believe that leaders are effective only if they behave consistently with their own preconceptions of how an effective leader should act.
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Which of the following leadership approaches directly support the idea that the "romance of leadership" is important in leadership?
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Implicit leadership perspective
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The competency (trait) perspective of leadership:
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presents the view that certain personal characteristics distinguish great leaders from the rest of us.
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According to the _____ perspective of leadership, leadership is associated with the personal characteristics of the person.
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competency
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According to the competency perspective of leadership:
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leadership is a personal characteristic of the person.
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The competency perspective of leadership identifies drive, integrity, and emotional intelligence as the:
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competencies of effective leaders.
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Successful leaders have a positive self-evaluation, including high self-esteem, self-efficacy, and internal locus of control. This refers to the leaders' _____.
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self-concept
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Which of the following characteristics addresses leaders' high need for achievement?
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Drive
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Effective leaders have a strong need for socialized power, meaning that they want power as a means to accomplish organizational objectives and similar good deeds. This behavior of leaders refers to:
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leadership motivation.
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Which of the following statements about emotional intelligence and leadership is true?
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Emotional intelligence is one of the desired competencies of effective leaders.
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_____ leadership refers to how well leaders are aware of, feel comfortable with, and act consistently with their self-concepts.
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Authentic
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_____ is knowing yourself and being yourself.
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Authenticity
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Which of the following is a limitation of the competency perspective of leadership?
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It views leadership as something within a person.
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The competency perspective of leadership indicates leadership:
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potential.
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Which of the following statements about culture and leadership is true?
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Participative leadership is perceived as characteristic of effective leadership in low power distance cultures.
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Which of the following statements about leadership and gender is true?
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Male and female leaders generally do not differ in their use of task-oriented and people-oriented leadership.
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How do women differ from men in their use of leadership styles?
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Women tend to use more of the participative leadership style than do men.
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People tend to evaluate female leaders slightly less favorably than male leaders because:
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they tend to rely on gender stereotypes and prototypes of leaders.
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EFT, Inc. EFT, Inc. wants to empower and engage its employees. They have several teams consisting of highly skilled employees and no one person on these teams has a specifically assigned position. Instead, employees lead each other as the occasion arises so there is no formal hierarchy or organizational chart. This type of leadership is known as:
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Shared
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EFT, Inc. EFT, Inc. wants to empower and engage its employees. They have several teams consisting of highly skilled employees and no one person on these teams has a specifically assigned position. Instead, employees lead each other as the occasion arises so there is no formal hierarchy or organizational chart. This type of leadership is most effective when:
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employees learn to influence others through their enthusiasm, logical analysis, and involvement of others in their vision.
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Johni's Company Johni is the CEO of a struggling company. She has listened to her employee's complaints and concerns about where the corporation is going and has developed a new vision that she feels will help develop a common bond throughout the organization. Johni then hosted a company-wide picnic where she delivered an inspiring speech about the new plans for the business, including her plans for more open communication between management and employees. After her speech, management and employees all participated in trust building exercises and each employee had a one-on-one conversation with Johni. What type of leadership theory most resembles Johni's actions?
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Transformational
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Johni's Company Johni is the CEO of a struggling company. She has listened to her employee's complaints and concerns about where the corporation is going and has developed a new vision that she feels will help develop a common bond throughout the organization. Johni then hosted a company-wide picnic where she delivered an inspiring speech about the new plans for the business, including her plans for more open communication between management and employees. After her speech, management and employees all participated in trust building exercises and each employee had a one-on-one conversation with Johni. What is the next step Johni should take if she wants to continue on towards her vision?
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Build commitment toward the vision.
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CPA4U Gina and Chen are both managers at CPA4U, a large accounting firm. Each has a very different management style. Gina is very outgoing and constantly checking on her subordinates to see if there is any way she can help them to complete their projects. She also brings in fresh flowers for the lunchroom weekly and always remembers everyone's birthday. Chen is much more introverted and communicates with his subordinates mainly through email and he has his subordinates submit daily reports on their progress towards the weekly goals he has assigned them. Which type of leader is Gina?
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Servant leader
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CPA4U Gina and Chen are both managers at CPA4U, a large accounting firm. Each has a very different management style. Gina is very outgoing and constantly checking on her subordinates to see if there is any way she can help them to complete their projects. She also brings in fresh flowers for the lunchroom weekly and always remembers everyone's birthday. Chen is much more introverted and communicates with his subordinates mainly through email and he has his subordinates submit daily reports on their progress towards the weekly goals he has assigned them. Which type of leader is Chen?
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Task-oriented leader
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MoneySafe MoneySafe, a financial services organization, uses performance-based reward systems across various departments to keep employees directed toward organizational goals. The management believes that these rewards might replace or reduce the need for task-oriented leadership. Which of the following leadership theories supports this action?
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Leadership substitutes
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MoneySafe MoneySafe, a financial services organization, uses performance-based reward systems across various departments to keep employees directed toward organizational goals. The management believes that these rewards might replace or reduce the need for task-oriented leadership. Which of the following leadership styles is of least importance under these circumstances?
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Task-oriented
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Bob's Small Business Bob owns a small business with 12 employees. He is anticipating a large contract in the near future which he hopes will triple his profit and double the number of employees he will hire. Bob has always been a very likable man and a dependable, hard-working person. He is very worried about his ability to take on twice as many employees and continue on a successful path. From the information provided, which of the following best encompasses Bob's strongest leadership competency according to the competency perspective?
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Personality characteristics
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Bob's Small Business Bob owns a small business with 12 employees. He is anticipating a large contract in the near future which he hopes will triple his profit and double the number of employees he will hire. Bob has always been a very likable man and a dependable, hard-working person. He is very worried about his ability to take on twice as many employees and continue on a successful path. From the information provided, which of the following best encompasses Bob's weakest leadership competency according to the competency perspective?
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Self-concept
