NWTC ST for the ST – Northstar Major Study – Surgical Pharmacology – Flashcards
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What medication would be given to the patient pre-operatively to produce an amnesic effect?
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midazolam
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What medication is administered intra-operatively for its antagonistic effect on nondepolarizing muscle relaxants?
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Prostigmin
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Why must a surgical technologist remain aware of the maximum dosages for specific medications used during surgical procedures?
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to minimize the risk of toxic metabolic effects
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To facilitate local anesthesia and hemostasis during nasal turbinate resection on a 37-year-old male patient weighing 95 kg, the surgeon requests cocaine hydrochloride-soaked packing material. What is the maximum dose of cocaine that can safely be administered to this patient?
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142.5 mg
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An intravenous induction agent used in general anesthesia that has a characteristic milky white appearance is...
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propofol
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Which of the following medications is a depolarizing agent used to provide muscle relaxation during a surgical procedure?
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succinylcholine
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Which of the following medications is classified as a benzodiazepine?
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diazepam
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A patient is prescribed 1.5 g of a drug daily. If each capsule contains 500 mg, how many should the patient take each day?
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3
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The surgeon has ordered cefazolin (Ancef) 1 gram to be given pre-operatively. This medication is used...
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to prophylactically prevent post-op wound infection
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During spinal anesthesia, the local anesthesia agent is injected intrathecally into the...
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subarachnoid space
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Which of the following medications is an anticoagulant when used by itself, but becomes an antagonist when used in conjunction with heparin?
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protamine sulfate
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Due to a high probability of the patient developing osteomyelitis after suffering a compound fracture of the tibia, the surgeon prescribes Gentamicin, which is classified as an aminoglycoside. What is the most likely complication of administration of this drug?
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nephrotoxicity
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Which of the following antibiotics is often added to topical irrigating solutions as a prophylaxis against bacteria in a variety of surgical procedures?
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bacitracin
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A patient is to receive 5 mcg/kg/h of a medication. If the patient weighs 195 lb, how many milligrams will the patient receive over a 24-hour period?
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10.6 mg
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Which of the following is a histamine H2 receptor blocker?
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cimetidine
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What medication would be used to treat metabolic acidosis during cardiac resuscitation?
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sodium bicarbonate
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To treat severe bradycardia during a surgical procedure, the anesthesia provider would administer which of the following agents?
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atropine
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The surgeon's preference card states that cefazolin (Ancef) 1 gram will be used pre-operatively to prevent a post-operative wound infection. One gram of cefazolin is equal to...
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1000 milligrams
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To determine the patency of the fallopian tubes on a 25-year-old female patient with pelvic inflammatory disease, the surgeon would inject which of the following medications to assist with the diagnosis?
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methylene blue
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What common anticoagulant is added to the topical irrigation solution to flush retained clots from the lumen of the artery during a femoral embolectomy?
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heparin sodium
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Which of the following would be used to aid in the visualization of vessels or structures, such as the common bile duct?
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contrast media
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An inhalation agent that can trigger malignant hyperthermia is...
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halothane
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The surgeon has requested the use of topical local anesthetic with epinephrine for hemostasis. What should be used?
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1% lidocaine with epinephrine 1:1,000
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After the anesthesia provider administers a depolarizing muscle relaxant, the patient begins to fasciculate. This refers to...
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involuntary muscle contractions or twitching
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Which of the following is equivalent to 40 mL?
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8TSP
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Anticholinergic agents are given pre-operatively to...
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inhibit or decrease secretion, especially gastric secretion
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A 63-year-old male patient weighing 140 kg is undergoing bilateral total knee arthroplasty. The surgeon has requested the use of 0.5% ropivacaine for intraarticular injection during the procedure. What is the maximum total volume of ropivacaine that may be safely administered to this patient?
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40 mL
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If 5,000 units of heparin are to be given subcutaneously, how many milliliters should be given if the heparin has a concentration of 10,000 units/mL?
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0.5 mL
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Which topical hemostatic agent is often used in conjunction with Gelfoam to control bleeding on neurosurgical procedures?
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thrombin
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How many milligrams equals 19.37 grams?
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19,370 milligrams
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Which of the following medications is an intravenous antibiotic that would be used intra-operatively to prevent a post-operative surgical site infection?
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Rocephin
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The surgical technician is notified that the hospital pharmacy's medication refrigerator is malfunctioning and has registered a temperature of 15° Celsius. Which of the following is an equivalent temperature?
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59°F
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A patient's medication comes in a 20 dram bottle. How many 1 milliliter doses are contained in the bottle?
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73.94
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What type of regional anesthesia technique involves primary exsanguination and the use of a double tourniquet to render the extremity free of blood?
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Bier block
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A patient is receiving a 25 mg/250 mL phenylephrine drip which is infusing at 100 mcg/min. What is the infusion rate in mL/h?
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60 mL/h
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Which of the following medications would be used as an adjunct to general anesthesia to relieve pain and to produce sedation?
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fentanyl
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What medication would be used to treat hypokalemia?
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potassium
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A drug that is used to stimulate uterine contractions necessary for labor and to assist with the expulsion of the placenta to stop postpartum bleeding is...
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oxytocin
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During administration of a general anesthetic, the patient develops muscle rigidity followed by a rapid increase in body temperature. What medication should the anesthesia provider have on hand to treat this condition?
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dantrolene sodium
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A medication that is used during a coronary artery bypass graft replacement to prevent spasms of the vessels is...
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papaverine
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How many liters equals 8,862 cubic centimeters (cc)?
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8.862 liters
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What antibiotic would be used to treat a patient who has been diagnosed with methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)?
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vancomycin
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Which of the following measurements is equivalent to a 495 mL bottle?
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33 TBSP
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As the patient is placed under a general anesthesia, the last sense to be affected is...
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hearing
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A 20-year-old male patient is in hypovolemic shock due to an extensive amount of blood loss after being involved in an automobile accident. The surgeon orders dextran to be given prior to the start of the surgical procedure. This medication is classified as a/an...
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plasma volume expander
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A pediatric patient weighs 20 kg. What is the patient's weight in pounds?
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44 lb
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The surgeon's order calls for a 4,400 mcg dose of a medication. Which of the following is an equivalent dosage?
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4.4 mg
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What is the approximate maximum dosage of 0.25% bupivacaine hydrochloride?
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2 mg/kg up to 70 mL
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Which of the following is a halogenated inhalation anesthetic that can trigger malignant hyperthermia?
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isoflurane
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If bleeding from the liver bed cannot be controlled during a laparoscopic cholecystectomy, the surgeon may utilize a hemostatic agent to prevent the necessity of surgically opening the patient. Which of the following hemostatic agents is available for endoscopic application?
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Avitene
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The surgeon administers two drops of an antibiotic solution in each of the patient's eyes after the completion of a phacoemulsification procedure. The abbreviation for both eyes is...
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OU
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During a surgical procedure, the cardiac monitor indicates that the patient is having frequent arrhythmias called PVCs. To treat this condition, the anesthesia provider would administer...
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lidocaine
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After anesthetizing a 30-year-old female patient who weighs 80 kg with halothane in anticipation of endometrial ablation, the anesthesia provider calls a code for malignant hyperthermia crisis. During emergency treatment, a surgical technologist functioning in the assistant circulator role is tasked with mixing and preparing dantrolene sodium for systemic administration. What is the maximum loading dosage of dantrolene sodium that can be administered to this patient?
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200 mg
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The recommended dosage of fentanyl citrate for analgesia is 1-2 mcg/kg. If a patient weighs 250 lbs, what is the maximum dose of fentanyl that may be administered?
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227 mcg
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If the patient is experiencing severe respiratory depression after the administration of morphine sulfate, the anesthesia provider would give the patient a narcotic antagonist called...
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Narcan
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A common loop diuretic that is used to reduce tissue swelling and to increase urinary output in patients with cardiovascular disease is...
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Lasix
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Which of the following classification of medication would be given to prevent nausea and vomiting after surgical intervention?
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antiemetic
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What special consideration should the surgical technologist be aware of when passing Avitene to the surgeon?
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The medication should be applied with a dry instrument after blotting the bleeding surfaces
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A patient in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU) has a temperature of 101.2°F. Approximately what is the patient's temperature in Celsius?
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38.4°C
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Tissue swelling that is causing intracranial pressure in a patient with a head injury can be reduced with the administration of an osmotic diuretic called...
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mannitol
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How many grams equals 35.73 kilograms?
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35,730 grams
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A patient takes 5 grains of thyroid medication daily. Which of the following is an equivalent dose?
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300 mg
