Nutrition for cirrhosis. – Flashcards
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The diet for the patient who has cirrhosis without complications is high in what?
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The diet is high in calories (3000 cal/day) with high carbohydrate content and moderate to low levels of fat.
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Does a patient with cirrhosis have protein restriction?
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Protein restriction may be appropriate in some patients immediately after a severe flare of symptoms (ex: episodic hepatic encephalopathy). ---- However, protein restriction is rarely justified in patients with cirrhosis and persistent hepatic encephalopathy.
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Malnutrition.
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This is a more serious clinical problem than hepatic encephalopathy for many patients.
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A patient with alcoholic cirrhosis frequently has what?
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They frequently have protein calorie malnutrition.
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What may be recommended for a patient with alcoholic cirrhosis?
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Enteral formula supplements containing protein from branched-chain amino acids that are metabolized by the muscles may be recommended. Enteral formula supplements containing protein
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What is the benefit of Enteral formula supplements containing protein from branched chain amino acids?
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These supplements provide protein that is more easily metabolized by the liver. Parenteral nutrition or enteral nutrition therapy may be required.
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The patient with ascites and edema is on what type of Na+ diet?
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The patient with ascites and edema is on a low-sodium diet. The degree of sodium restriction depends on the patient's condition. The patient needs instruction regarding the degree of restriction.
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Table salt.
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This is a well-known source of sodium, but sodium is also present in baking soda and baking powder.
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Foods that are high in sodium content include what?
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Canned soups and vegetables, many frozen foods, salted snacks (ex: potato chips), nuts, smoked meats and fish, crackers, breads, olives, pickles, ketchup, and beer. Advise the patient to read labels.
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The patient and caregiver may need help with what regarding the diet?
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The patient and the caregiver may need assistance in making the diet more palatable by using seasonings such as garlic, parsley, onion, lemon juice, and spices.
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What are common risk factors for cirrhosis?
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Alcoholism, malnutrition, viral hepatitis, biliary obstruction, obesity, and right-sided heart failure. Prevention and early treatment of cirrhosis focus on reducing or eliminating these risk factors.
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Alcoholism must be treated.
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Urge patients to avoid alcohol ingestion, and support their efforts.
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Adequate nutrition.
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Especially for the alcoholic and other individuals at risk for cirrhosis, is essential to promote liver regeneration.
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Identify and treat acute hepatitis early so that it does not progress to what?
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So it does not progress to; chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis.
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Bariatric surgery.
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Bariatric surgery for morbidly obese individuals has been shown to reduce the incidence of liver disease.
