question

Which of the following situations might lead a health-care provider to consider testing for diabetes?

answer

Frequent infections that are slow to respond to treatment

question

When teaching a client to read labels, the nurse would instruct a client that products labeled "low sodium" must contain less than how many milligrams of sodium per serving?

answer

140mg

question

The 2000-kilocalorie DASH diet recommends which of the following as daily intake?

answer

4 to 5 servings of fruits

question

Clients with chronic heart failure are likely to receive which type of diet?

answer

Sodium restricted

question

The classic triad of symptoms of diabetes includes all except:

answer

Polycythemia

question

Which of the following groups of seasonings is permitted on a sodium-restricted diet?

answer

Bay leaves, curry powder, and lemon extract

question

The following is true about the medication acarbose (Precose) except

answer

It should be taken on an empty stomach

question

Which of the following values for a fasting blood sugar (FBS) is a normal range?

answer

70 to 110 mg/dL

question

Omega-3 fatty acids contribute to cardiovascular health by lowering triglyceride levels and reducing platelet aggregation. Good sources of these fatty acids are:

answer

Herring, salmon, and rainbow trout

question

Which of the following is classified as a starch exchange as opposed to a vegetable exchange?

answer

Corn

question

Which of the following is a protective factor against heart disease

answer

HDL

question

Which of the following statements best summarizes the dietary treatment of hyperlipoproteinemia?

answer

Because all hyperlipoproteinemias are not the same, neither are the dietary treatments

question

Which of the statements about insulin is true?

answer

It cannot be administered orally

question

Which of the following foods would a nurse identify as being highest in sodium?

answer

Canned carrots, processed cheddar cheese, and Canadian bacon

question

A client with uncontrolled type 1 diabetes mellitus is at high risk for acidosis because of which of the following?

answer

The body cannot quickly metabolize the body fat that is broken down for energy.

question

Which of the following blood pressure readings would the nurse identify as Stage 1?

answer

146/96

question

Mr. J has read in the general press about the link between antioxidants and cardiovascular disease. Which of the following suggestions is the best advice to give him?

answer

Eat a generous amount of various fruits and vegetables

question

Which of the following signs is a component of metabolic syndrome?

answer

Blood pressure

question

Individuals receiving sodium-restricted diets should avoid drinking:

answer

softened water

question

Which of the following substances transport cholesterol to the cells?

answer

Low-density lipoproteins

question

Hyperglycemia may be caused by:

answer

Illness

question

Which of the following is a vegetable exchange?

answer

1/2 cup chopped, cooked broccoli

question

To prevent the development of ketosis, which nutrient should the nurse encourage?

answer

Carbohydrates

question

A client with type 1 diabetes has to burn fats for energy, with a resulting buildup of which of the following in the blood?

answer

Ketones

question

After reviewing information about type 1 diabetes, additional review is needed when the client states which of the following?

answer

Weight reduction is always an important part of therapy

question

Which of the following hormones acts to lower blood sugar?

answer

Insulin

question

Which of the following risk factors for cardiovascular disease is changeable?

answer

Hypertension

question

An exercise program helps in the control of blood glucose levels by:

answer

Increasing the number of insulin receptors on muscle fibers

question

Which of the following laboratory tests will reflect blood sugar levels over a 3- to 4-month period?

answer

glycosylated hemoglobin

question

Sick Day Guidelines include all except the following:

answer

Discontinuing all medications

question

The self-treatment for diarrhea in healthy adults includes which of the following?

answer

avoid very hot, very cold, and caffeine-containing beverages

question

Renal clients may have to control dietary intake of total kilocalories, protein, potassium, sodium, and fluid. The exact diet prescription may change over time because of:

answer

Changes in client's clinical condition and treatment approach

question

Which of the following dietary modifications is suggested for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?

answer

Planning small, frequent meals that include protein

question

After teaching a client about the functions of the kidney, the nurse determines that more teaching is needed when the client states which of the following as a function?

answer

Synthesis of bile

question

A client with acute colitis will probably be prescribed which type of diet?

answer

low fiber

question

A client with alcoholism and cirrhosis of the liver is admitted after 2 days of vomiting and diarrhea. The physician orders a hydrating solution of 5% dextrose in water intravenously. If thiamin is not included in that order, the nurse should inquire about it because:

answer

Intravenous glucose without thiamin in the cirrhosis client can precipitate the Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome

question

The client with dumping syndrome should be taught to:

answer

lie down after meals

question

To reduce the risk of gallstones, clients could be advised to:

answer

Eat breakfast

question

Clients with potassium restrictions may be instructed to do all the following procedures except:

answer

use salt substitutes only after cooking

question

Which of the following would the nurse identify as a least likely cause of renal disease?

answer

Excessive fluid intake

question

The systemic effects of the dumping syndrome are:

answer

Weakness, sweating and hypotension

question

Which of the following foods may have precipitated an attack of gout and consequently may need to be avoided by the client?

answer

Gravy, liver, and oil-packed sardines

question

Growth failure in children treated with dialysis can be combated with three of the following suggestions. Which of the following items would be ill advised?

answer

Serving the children alone so their restricted diets are less apparent

question

A client with which of the following conditions is likely to be given pancreatic enzymes (pancrelipase) before meals?

answer

Cystic fibrosis

question

Clients who have had resection of which of the following are vulnerable to vitamin B12 deficiency?

answer

Ilium

question

Dialysis clients may receive supplemental amount of which of the following because of the inability of the diseased kidney to activate this vitamin.

answer

Vitamin D

question

Most renal clients need to avoid salt substitutes because they often contain:

answer

Potassium

question

Nutrients especially needed by surgical clients include protein, vitamins C and K, and zinc. Protein is necessary to build scar tissue and to:

answer

Control edema in the wound

question

Which of the following practices should be avoided to prevent traveler's diarrhea?

answer

Buying foods from street vendors

question

Which of the following are high in potassium?

answer

Baked potatoes

question

Which of the following items is associated with tightening the cardiac sphincter?

answer

Protein

question

Clients with hepatitis and cirrhosis of the liver are likely to consume their best intake at:

answer

Breakfast

question

Ms. P is a 78-year-old resident of a home for the aged where independence is the norm. She is being taught a diet for hiatal hernia. Selection of which of the following foods indicates that she understands the instructions?

answer

Skim milk, canned carrots, and lean roast pork

question

Mr. S is being treated for renal calculi. The first priority for teaching self-care to this client is to:

answer

increase fluid intake

question

Clients with kidney stones are usually advised to:

answer

Drink 3 liters of fluid per day

question

When diet modification is advisable, the client with cholecystitis will most likely require which type of diet?

answer

Low-fat

question

Compared with renal failure clients who are not on dialysis, clients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) require:

answer

More dietary protein

question

Renal functions can____________________ be assumed by another organ.

answer

not

question

Gout is:

answer

A hereditary metabolic disease

question

Obesity is most clearly linked to which of the following cancers?

answer

Postenopausal breast

question

Critical care patients with normal renal and liver function need at least ____ grams of protein per kg of ideal or actual body weight

answer

1.2 to 2.0

question

In addition to cooking beef or pork in a microwave oven, using which of the following would be effective in minimizing metallic tastes.

answer

Glass Utensils

question

Alcohol intake has been convincingly linked to which of the following sites of cancer occurrence?

answer

Breast

question

Refeeding syndrome can be fatal because of:

answer

Redistribution of minerals between extracellular and intracellular fluid compartments

question

Which of the following is not an adaptive response of the body to uncomplicated starvation?

answer

Heightened awareness

question

Which of the following items is suggested as an additive for a client with a poor appetite to increase the nutritional value of regular foods?

answer

Dry skim milk

question

A person with burns over 55% of his or her body has a stress factor of 2. This means that he or she requires:

answer

200% of the usual resting energy expenditure

question

Commercially prepared enteral solutions are preferred to homemade feeding for cancer patients because:

answer

The commercially prepared solutions are less subject to contamination than a homemade feeding.

question

Wasting of the body seen in some chronic diseases such as AIDS, cancer, malaria, and tuberculosis is called

answer

Cachexia

question

Atrophy of the respiratory muscles associated with ventilator use is an example of:

answer

Disuse syndrome

question

A temporary stoppage of peristalsis along with signs and symptoms of a bowel obstruction is called paralytic ____.

answer

Ileus

question

Red and processed meat intake are related to increased risk of which types of cancer?

answer

Colon and prostate

question

Some evidence suggests which of the following vegetables are specifically protective against cancer?

answer

Green beans and spinach

question

Predictive equations are used to determine a client's ____ goal.

answer

Kilocalorie

question

The production of glucose from noncarbohydrate body sources, such as glycerol from adipose tissue and amino acids from muscle tissue, is called:

answer

Gluconeogenesis

question

A client with cancer is experiencing difficulty swallowing. When teaching the client to make the process a conscious action, which of the following would the nurse instruct the client to do first?

answer

Inhale

question

The most extreme state of stress a client can sustain is a burn. Kilocalorie need in this situation depends which of the following?

answer

Body surface area involved

question

Experts advocate the following when refeeding a malnourished client:

answer

Correcting any electrolyte imbalances before aggressive nutritional therapy is begun

question

The term for cancer of the epithelial tissue, such as the lining of the gastrointestinal tract, is:

answer

Carcinoma

question

Which of the following food items act as lubricants for the person with swallowing difficulty?

answer

Butter, cheese sauce, and gravy

question

A client with cancer suffers from early satiety. Which of the following interventions is recommended to increase his or her food intake?

answer

Offering six small meals

question

Which of the following foods is likely to be well received by a cancer client with mouth ulcerations?

answer

Pasteurized eggnog

question

A client with cancer has painful lesions in his or her mouth. Which of the following snack items is most likely to be well tolerated?

answer

Chocolate milk

question

Ms. J is an alcoholic who has previously reported that she has not eaten "food" for at least the past 3 months. She stated that her sole source of kilocalories had been in the form of alcohol. The physician has ordered a high-kilocalorie, high-protein diet. Ms. J has eaten 100% of the three high-kilocalorie, high-protein meals received thus far. While reviewing her laboratory reports, the nurse notices her serum phosphorus, magnesium, and calcium values are decreased. The nurse should:

answer

Contact the client's physician and notify him or her of the recently obtained laboratory values

question

The wasting that occurs in some cancer clients is attributed to:

answer

Alteration in the body's metabolism produced by the tumor

question

Regarding the connection between methods of cooking meat and the risk of cancer, which of the following statements is true?

answer

Individuals have genetic differences in enzymes that influence the activation of carcinogens.

question

Studies have shown that which amount of vitamin C along with zinc and arginine helps improve the rate of pressure ulcer healing?

answer

500 mg

question

Providing drinking straws is most appropriate for the client with which of the following problems?

answer

Oral ulcerations

question

To maximize food intake when a cancer client suffers from nausea and vomiting, the nurse should:

answer

Administer antiemetic and analgesic drugs as needed

question

Which of the following is characterized by increasing abdominal girth, decreasing fat mass in the extremities and face, the advent of a "buffalo hump," and breast enlargement?

answer

Lipodystrophy

question

The major nutrition-related problems in clients with AIDs are caused by:

answer

Gastrointestinal changes

question

Every client with an HIV diagnosis should be educated about:

answer

Food safety

question

A client has dyspnea and has read that caffeine helps break up and expel secretions. The client asks you for a recommendation. An appropriate response would be which of the following

answer

Caffeine is a bronchodilator, so it is correct..

question

The goal of nutrition screening for the client under hospice care is which of the following?

answer

Identify food-related concerns

question

Dryness of the mouth caused by an abnormal reduction in salivary secretion is:

answer

Xerostomia

question

Thrush is caused by which of the following?

answer

Fungus

question

Which of the following would be least indicative of approaching death?

answer

Polyuria and incontinence

question

Which of the following foods is sometimes helpful in repopulating the intestine, which has had its normal flora disrupted by antibiotic therapy

answer

Active cultures of yogurt

question

Many foods taste bitter to a client. Which of the following suggestions would be expected to help alleviate this problem?

answer

Using glass cooking utensils

question

Which of the following would be considered a suitable range for blood glucose in the hospice population?

answer

127 to 309 mg/dL

question

Which of the following roles is most important in the care of a terminally ill client?

answer

Client advocate

question

Ms. D has been under the care of hospice for 4 months. For the past few days she has taken only one-fourth of her usual food. Her caregiver is greatly concerned. What advice would be least appropriate?

answer

"Be firm like a parent and insist that she increase her intake."

question

Ms. L is actively dying and has refused oral intake. Her caregiver is concerned. Which of the following responses would be the most helpful to the caregiver?

answer

"Dehydration is not painful and eases the passage from life. Offer sips of fluid upon request."

question

An assessment question about fat in the diet of a terminally ill client is appropriate if the client has complained about:

answer

Steatorrhea

question

The most plausible explanation for the increased incidence and high prevalence of HIV in the African population is:

answer

A genetic mutation that originally evolved to protect against malaria

question

Mr. W, a hospice client, wishes to treat his anemia so he will not feel so fatigued. Which of the following would be least appropriate to suggest?

answer

Citrus fruits with every meal

question

A client is complaining of pruritus. The nurse interprets this as which of the following?

answer

Severe itching

question

Dietary modifications for clients with AIDS are based on:

answer

Individualized assessment

question

The goal of palliative nutritional care for the terminally ill client is to do which of the following?

answer

Alleviate discomfort and relieve symptoms.

question

Ms. N is a hospice client who has had insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (type 1 diabetes) for many years. The visiting nurse instructs the caregiver to feed Ms. N 30 to 50 g of carbohydrate every 3 hours:

answer

To prevent starvation ketosis

question

Which of the following factors frequently contributes to nutrient malabsorption in the client with AIDS?

answer

Mucosal atrophy and decreased digestive enzyme action

question

The nurse is working with a client experiencing migraine headaches. When discussing possible triggers, which of the following would the nurse be least likely to include?

answer

Overeating

question

Which of the following snacks would most likely be tolerated by a client with oral thrush?

answer

Flavored yogurt

question

In some states, a charge of ____ can be brought if a client is fed artificially against his or her wishes.

answer

Battery

question

Ms. N is a hospice client who has had insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (type 1 diabetes) for many years. The visiting nurse asks the client and caregiver to relate the client's history of clinical signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia. The nurse is concerned because of which of the following reasons?

answer

Often no signs and symptoms of impending coma are shown because of epinephrine deficiency

question

If a lactose-free diet is required, the client will receive limited amounts of:

answer

Milk and yogurt

question

After teaching a group of nurses about the signs of approaching death, the instructor determines that additional teaching is needed when the group identifies which of the following as a sign?

answer

Decreased verbalization

question

A client with AIDS has returned to his family's home for care. The caregiver asks for advice about foods to offer the client. Which of the following is the best answer to give?

answer

"A well-balanced, varied diet is best unless he develops intolerances to foods."

question

Which of the following would be most appropriate to suggest to a client with hiccups?

answer

Swallowing a teaspoonful of granulated sugar

question

Many foods taste bitter to a client. Which of the following suggestions would be expected to help alleviate this problem?

answer

Using glass cooking utensils

Nutrition final questions – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards