question

What is the definition of ethics?

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Ethics is the branch of philosophy that helps us to organize our thinking and reasoning about what we consider to be right and wrong, particularly in the social context. In short, ethics is what a person considers to be right and wrong. When determining right from wrong, often our response is based on our values.

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What is the definition of morality?

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The beliefs and traditions we hold in how we conduct ourselves towards others

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What is the definition of an ethical dilemma?

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A conflict between two sets of human values, both of which are judged to be good but neither of which can be fully served. There are equally compelling reasons for and against two or more possible courses of action, where choosing one course of action means that something else is relinquished

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What is the definition of values?

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Values are at the heart of ethics and formed early in childhood and change as we mature (though, core values often stick with you). A value is a conception of what is good and what is most desirable. Values provide guidance as we set priorities.

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The Canadian Nurses Association makes nurses obligated to follow what?

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The Code of Ethics. The code of ethics are nurses profession values, also called a nurses "moral guide". The code of ethics guides nurses and informs the public about a nurses "responsibilities"

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List Ethical Principles central to nursing

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1) Autonomy (self-governing) 2) Beneficence (to promote good) 3) Non-maleficence (do no harm) 4) Justice (fairness) 5) Fidelity (faithfulness/keeping promises) 6) Veracity (practice of telling the truth)

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True or False: Ethical relationships begin with self knowledge and and awareness.

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True

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What is "value clarification"?

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An ongoing process of self-discovery (know thyself). it is an ethical relationship with others that begins with self knowledge and awareness to become for conscious of what we value

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True or False: Values influence our own individual beliefs, views, and opinions of others

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True

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What is "values conflict"?

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When others actions are at odds with our beliefs. (Example, when someone wants to stop or withdrawal treatment)

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***True or False: It is important to understand your own beliefs and values in order to understand and respect others values (ex about death, life, illness, abortion, MAID etc)

answer

True

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In nursing is it ok impose one's own values and beliefs onto someone else?

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No

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True or False: Clarification involves acknowledging similarities and differences in values when interacting with others

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True

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True or False: It is important to engage in value clarification with others because often people with different values and beliefs can interpret the same situation differently. (There is my interpretation of a situation, your interpretation, and what actually happened)

answer

True

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True or False: Our values influence our behaviour (including prejudices) , therefore our values impact our nursing care.

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True

question

What care plan below is appropriate for a women who is in the sex trade, drinks, does drugs, and loves to party. Nursing Plan 1: Stopping sexual behaviour for money, stopping smoking and drug use. Nursing Pan 2: Exploring the patients wishes, and support her safely in her lifestyle.

answer

Nursing Plan 2. The second nursing plan outlines the code of ethics "preserving dignity"

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True or False: Nursing ethics is the examination of the norms, values, and principles in nursing

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True. The focus of nursing ethics is on nursing practice and the nurse patient relationship.

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What does autonomy mean? (one of the ethical principles central to nursing)

answer

It means to be able to self govern. It means that a nurse respects a person, and that persons's independence and choice/ability to make decisions. (the right to refuse treatment, and nurses have to honour that choice due to the ethical principle or autonomy)

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What does beneficence mean? (one of the ethical principles central to nursing)

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It means to promote good. (actions are made to benefit the patient and the patients best interests)

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What does non-maleficence mean? (one of the ethical principles central to nursing)

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It means to do no harm. A nurse will have an equal commitment to do good as to do no harm.

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What does Justice mean? (one of the ethical principles central to nursing)

answer

Fairness. A nurse is to treat everyone fairly and equally with unbiased treatment and equal resources

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What does Fidelity mean? (one of the ethical principles central to nursing)

answer

Faithfullness/keeping promises. (It encompasses loyalty in the nurse patient relationship and being committed to the patient and their needs)

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What dies Veracity mean?

answer

The practice of telling the truth. (truth telling enables trust whereas lying or deception creates a barrier in the nurse patient relationship). (Choice, dignity, and accountability)

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Hiding meds in food/drinks violates what ethical principle?

answer

Veracity

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The Canadian Nurses Association Code of ethics for Nurses (CoE) is a...?

answer

statement of ethical values of nurses and of nurses commitments to persons with health care needs and persons receiving care

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True or False: The CoE informs nurses of their ethical responsibilities and serves to inform other professionals and the public.

answer

True

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What are the seven primary values central to ethical nursing practice found in the Code of Ethics?

answer

-providing safe, compassionate, competent, and ethical care -promote health and well being -promoting and respecting informed decision making -honouring dignity -maintaining privacy and confidentiality -promoting justice -being accountable

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Explain the ethical principle, providing safe, compassionate, competent, and ethical care, that is central to ethical nursing practice outlined in the CoE (Code of Ethics)

answer

to engage in compassionate care, admits mistakes, and takes action. This is what influences how we as nurses act with and around our patients. This ethical principle makes us accountable for questioning and intervening when incompetent or unethical acts/practice are seen.

question

Explain the ethical principle, promote health and well being, that is central to ethical nursing practice outlined in the CoE (Code of Ethics)

answer

"nurses work with people to enable them to attain their highest possible level of health and well being", and collaborate with other health care providers (to be able to provide the best care)

question

Explain the ethical principle, promoting and respecting informed decision making, that is central to ethical nursing practice outlined in the CoE (Code of Ethics)

answer

Provide information to the patient, respect capable persons right to decline information (and choice). It is important to recognize and respect all knowledge and skill. Answer all questions honestly and seek additional information when needed.

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Explain the ethical principle, honouring dignity, that is central to ethical nursing practice outlined in the CoE (Code of Ethics)

answer

-relate respectfully to all (physical privacy) -take into account unique values, customs and religious beliefs -best practice policies regarding restraints -maintain professional boundaries -relieve pain and suffering -it is essential to not just promote dignity, but to honour it (advocate for patients and support a dignified death)

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Explain the ethical principle, maintaining privacy and confidentiality, that is central to ethical nursing practice outlined in the CoE (Code of Ethics)

answer

-respect peoples right to privacy and confidentiality (do not disclose patient info, [PHIA], and do not abuse your access to health information)

question

Explain the ethical principle, promoting justice, that is central to ethical nursing practice outlined in the CoE (Code of Ethics)

answer

Do not discriminate (in any form) and refrain from lying, labeling, and humiliating behaviours. Don't judge, do not push people to make decisions.

question

Explain the ethical principle, being accountable, that is central to ethical nursing practice outlined in the CoE (Code of Ethics)

answer

-accountable and answerable -clearly represent themselves (full name and designation) -practice according to the CoE and standards of practice, as well as laws (maintain your registration) -practice within the limits of your competence -Maintains fitness to practice (if you are not emotionally or mentally fit to practice, it is your responsibility to tell someone) (we must accept responsibility for our actions and be able to explain the reasons for our actions)

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By telling a patient your full name and designation, what ethical principle are you practicing?

answer

Accountability

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True or False: Nursing students are held to the same standards as RN's (student nurses are accountable for their actions)

answer

True. Student nurses need to know the limits of their knowledge and be willing to admit it to the buddy nurse and clinical instructor to ensure the safety of the patients (Intellectual humility: to be aware of one's limits in knowledge and willing to admit it). A student nurse must work within their scope of practice just as a registered nurse would

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True or False: Nursing students should not be assigned tasks that they are not prepared for and are monitored by clinical instructor (it is the students responsibility to tell the buddy nurse if they have not learnt a skill or if a skill is outside of the duties/tasks of your "job description")

answer

True

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Informed Consent: Promoting Autonomy. What does this mean? What is informed consent? Why is it needed?

answer

Informed consent is when a patient is aware of the care that they need and agrees for the nurse to provide that care. Consent forms need to be signed for all routine treatments, surgery, and research studies. Nurses has a legal duty to disclose information that the patient can understand. Failure to obtain consent has legal ramifications.

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What are the conditions that are needed to be met before consent can be obtained?

answer

-a complete explanation (the patient needs to be completely informed) -names and qualifications (Full name and designation) -any possible harm as a result of the care -alternatives, and risks of doing nothing -patient's right to refuse at any time.

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True or False: It is the nurses role to obtain legal an informed consent from a patient when they are needing a medical procedure (Note: this is not a "nursing procedure").

answer

False. It is the physicians duty to educate and obtain consent from he patient.

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True or False: A nurse can witness the signage of consent forms but is not responsible for obtaining them from the patient or to provide the needed teaching concerning a medical procedure.

answer

True

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If a nurse is to provide a nursing procedure (not a medical procedure) to a client, do they need to obtain informed consent?

answer

Yes

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What does a nurses signature witnessing consent mean?

answer

The nurse signs a "confirmation" that the client voluntarily gave consent and that the clients signature is authentic and that the client appears competent.

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True or False: Nurses should ask about a client's understanding of a treatment /procedure and if there is any doubt, the nurse should notify the physician or nursing supervisor.

answer

True

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True or False: A patient lifting their sleeve to receive a needle, IV, or blood pressure is implied consent.

answer

True

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True or False. Many procedures done by nurses do not require a formal written consent. Implied consent from patients in most cases is sufficient.

answer

True

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In cases when a patient is unable to give consent, what happens? Who can consent for them? What situations does this occur in?

answer

When a patient is unable to give consent, a substitute decision maker/guardian/parent will give consent in place of the patient.

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What is Emergency doctrine?

answer

Consent that is given in an emergency situation

question

List some common negligent acts the occur in nursing.

answer

-medication errors that result in injury (most common is giving a med at the wrong time, then the next most common is missing a dose, and then giving the wrong dose) -IV therapy errors that result in injury -Failure to monitor patient's conditions adequately -failure to report or give an incomplete report to oncoming shift -falls resulting in injuries to patients -improper usage of equipment (burns, falls from not using side rails when they are needed) -failure to notify a physical of a significant change in patient status

question

True or False: It is ok to give meds that you have not prepared yourself

answer

False. You can only give meds that you have prepared yourself

question

The Code of Ethics put out by the CNA (Canadian nurses association) states that when people are terminally ill or dying, the nurse...?

answer

fosters comfort, alleviates suffering, advocates for adequate relief of discomfort and pain, and supports a dignified and peaceful death. Any previously known wishes or advance directives that apply in this situation are to be considered and respected.

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What are medical interventions associated with end of life care?

answer

CPR Ventilation Medications

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What are advanced directives as they pertain to end of life care?

answer

living will and a proxy (the authority to represent someone else, possibly to make decisions such as discontinuing care)

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What is assisted suicide?

answer

The act of intentionally killing oneself with the assistance of another who provides the knowledge, means, or both.

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Would giving a patient information about how to commit suicide be considered assisted suicide?

answer

Yes. Giving information or giving the means to commit suicide (the meds, etc.) are both considered assisted suicide.

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What is MAID?

answer

Medical Assistance in Dying. It is the administration of a substance to a person at their request to cause their death. The prescription or provision of a substance to a person at their request so that they may self administer the substance or have another administer the substance for them.

question

How does MAID affect nurses and how are nurses involved in the process? Who can administer the medication?

answer

A nurse is not able to administer/distribute a substance to a patient in order to assist in dying but they can prepare the medication/substance. Only physicians and possibly nurse practitioners can administer medications for the purpose of MAID. (A nurse is not able to even help a patient to self administer a medication with the intention of dying, only a doctor can do this)

question

Ethical relationships begin with....

answer

-self-knowledge and awareness

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True or False: It is important to not impose your beliefs or values onto others

answer

True

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True or False: Ethics (right vs. wrong) stems from morality (our beliefs and traditions about what is good and bad)

answer

True

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True or False: The code of ethics only guides nurses through 7 primary values.

answer

False. The code of ethics does guide nurses but it also informs the public

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True or False: Ethical principles (right vs wrong) guide one's moral (good and bad) conduct.

answer

True

question

True or False: Nursing students are not held to the same standards as RN's

answer

False. We are held to the same standard.

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