NPS practice exam

A male newborn delivered after 36 weeks of gestation has been discharged from the hospital. Nine days later, he is brought to the emergency room with extreme peripheral cyanosis. An AP chest radiograph reveals an "egg-shaped" heart. This would indicate A. Transposition of the great vessels B. Epiglottitis C. Persistent pulmonary hypertension D. Coarctation of the aorta

At five minutes of life, a newborn's chest and abdomen are pink while the feet and hands remain blue. In addition, he has a heart rate of 80/minute, irregular respirations, no response to nasal suctioning, and some flex ion in his extremities. What is his Apgar score? A. 2 B. 4 C. 6 D. 8

A newborn infant has a Dubowitz score of 34. This would indicate A. High probability of pulmonary maturity B. A pre-term infant C. Low risk of respiratory distress D. Intrauterine growth retardation

After using his Ventolin MDI, a 10-year old boy with asthma coughs slightly. This would indicate that the A. Medication has been delivered to the airway B. Dosage exceeds the recommended level C. Child inhaled too quickly D. MDI is empty and should be replaced

Calculate the deadspace-to-tidal-volume ratio based on the following Data: PH 7.39 PaCO2 50 torr PaO2 60 torr SaO2. 90% PECO2. 30 torr A. 0.21 B. 0.39 C. 0.47 D. 0.65

An 8-year-old boy involved in a swimming pool accident is in cardiac arrest. He has been intubated with a size 6.0 mm oral endotracheal tube and is receiving mechanical ventilation. Eight hours later, a pulmonary artery catheter is inserted and the neonatal-pediatric specialist observes a decrease in the patient's measured SvO2. This would indicate that A. Cardiac output has decreased B. Systemic vascular resistance has increased C. The endotracheal tube is too large D. There is a clot in the catheter

A 9-year-old girl requires mechanical ventilation with PEEP due to ARDS. Which of the following strategies would be most helpful to improve matching of pulmonary perfusion and ventilation? A. Neurally adjusted ventilators assist B. Airway pressure release ventilation C. Permissive hypocapnic ventilation D. Prone positioning

Mean airway pressure will rise when all of the following settings are increased EXCEPT A. Total cycle time B. Peak inspiratory pressure C. Positive end expiratory pressure D. Respiratory rate

The neonatal-pediatric specialist reviews the ventilator parameter sheet of a patient who is being ventilated with a volume control ventilator. The peak and plateau pressure readings are : Time Peak Plat 7:00 29 24 8:00 33 29 9:00 38 33 10:00 42 38 Which of the following statements is true? A. Airway resistance is increasing B. Lung compliance is increasing C. Airway resistance is decreasing D. Lung compliance is decreasing

After being born at 24 weeks of gestation, a 675g neonate is lethargic and develops abdominal distant ion, decreased bowel sounds, and bloody stools. These findings are most consistent with A. Esophageal atresia B. Necrotizing enterocolitis C. Potter syndrome D. Gastroschisis