NOCTI Pre Engineering Exam study guide – Flashcards
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What are the major engineering fields?
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Civil Mechanical Electrical Aerospace Structural
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What major functions do engineers perform?
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1. Research- making new discoveries and finding uses 2. Development- production of a function able device/ process 3. Design- optimizing/ making easier to produce/ improving performance 4. Production/Testing- mass production + quantity control 5. Construction- Production on a site 6. Operations- managing facilities and networks 7. Sales- consumer creator link, creating a market 8. Management- using background for managing 9. Consulting- solving problems
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What type of eduction is required to be an engineer?
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1. Bachelors degree at a credited school (ABET or CAEB) 2. Exams- Fundamentals of Engineering test- Engineering in Training (EIT) 3. Practice for 4 years- principles and practice exam- licensed engineer
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What important ethics are related to engineering situations?
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Engineers use knowledge and skill for the advancement of human welfare. They need to be honest and impartial, increasing reputation of the engineering profession.
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Who do engineering interact with? (Other technical personnels on the job)
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Engineers Scientists Technologists Technicians Craftsmen
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What important milestones have occurred during the progression of the engineering field?
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Henry Fords assembly line Wright brothers first flight Thomas Edison's light bulb Robert Goddars' liquid fuel rockets
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What are the important principles of the problem solving process?
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identification of a need, problem definition, researching, constraint, criteria, alternative solutions, analysis
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What are the steps in the design process?
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Identify the need, research and gathering info, develop solution (alternative solutions), choose a solution (analysis), construct a prototype, test and evaluate
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How to analyze solution/ identifying strengths and weaknesses?
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Efficiency Cost Safety Functionality Availability of materials Durability
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How to develop details of a solution?
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Scale model Inventor (dynamic simulation) Orthographic Isometric drawing Techno CNC + 3D printing
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How to develop, test, and redesign prototypes?
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Test for safety and durability Test for efficiency
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How to explain components of set up, machining, casting, molding, welding, and finishing?
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Turning- lathe Milling- makes square objects Casting- turns liquid into mold Welding- arc, spot, gas (oxyacetylene) Undercutting- welding reduce cross sectional strength Finishing- painting
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How to identify and use common hand tools
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Straight edge- ruler VIC (vernier caliper)- measures inside/outside distanxes
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How to identify and properly use fasteners?
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Machine srews- hex nuts Wood screws- course thread/pointy Sheet metal- pointed heads, sharp fine threads Thread Rotation= UNC 1/4(diameter)-20(thread per inch)-2(thread length)-2A(type of thread)
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How to estimate and measure the size of objects using SI and US units?
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1 inch = 2.54 cm 100 ft = 28.3 L 1 gal water = 7-8 lbs
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How to explain the role and quality control in manufacturing?
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-Controls the quality -bSigma- stands for manufacturing for standardization -International organizations -Manufacturing tolerance
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How to measure with percussion to olds and instruments?
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7.00 sleeve(0.5) 0.25 thimble
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What role does quality control plays in assembly and fabrication?
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-Improves quality and reputation -Reducing execution time -Lower costs
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What are the roles of supplying and outsourcing?
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-Reordering levels are set -No over stocking (to attain materials in time w/o overstocking)
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What does the order and methodology of the assembly process consist of?
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Operations Storage Transportation/Delays Inspection
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What are the attributes of common materials?
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Ferrous- high weight/ lower conductivity/ easily corrodible/ magnetic Non Ferrous- malleable/ high conductivity
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How to make an oral presentation?
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Practice Don't read from slides Speak to the audience
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How to interpret aspects and/or types of engineering drawings and plans?
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Orthographic drawings Dimensions/ line drawings
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How to express data in tables, graphs, and charts?
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Bar graph- qualitative Histogram- Quantitative
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How to contribute to a team project?
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Communication Common goal, vision Find a good team
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How to follow appropriate personal safety procedures?
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Need to know and learn safety rules
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What role of OSHA is in the technical workplace?
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Occupational safety + help admin Ensure safety standards are followed through
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How to use appropriate safety equipment?
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Eye and ear protection Safety shoes Masks Hazardous material storage
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How electrical safety decries function?
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Circuit breaker- to switch circuit off, surge protector, when it gets excess/ it converse excess to ground
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How to solve problems using vectoring to persist forces?
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X Y components Hypotenuse components
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How to calculate and describe the effect of resistance?
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V=IR^2 W=VI
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How to apply Ohms law, Watts law, and Kirchoffs law?
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Ohms law- V=IR^2 Watt- power= voltage x current Kirchoffs- sum of voltage in = sum of voltage out
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How does AC and DC systems work and differ?
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DC current- flows in the same direction AC current- constantly flows
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How to identify what causes resistance in a fluid system?
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Smoother pige inside As few curves as possible motor cylinder piston
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How hydraulic and pneumatic systems work?
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Pump, Valce, Motor/Cylinder Hydraulic motor- generates power Pneumatic- pressurized fluId
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Three ways heat is transferred
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Convection- hot to cold (no direct contact) Radiation- to contact (vacuum) Conduction
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How to convert between Celsius and Ferenheit?
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(X9/5)+32 (-32X5)/9
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How heat conductors and insulators work?
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Head conductors relies on density (more particles) heat can jump
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How to solve thermal problems using appropriate units?
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BTU- British thermal unit 1 pound of water needed to get 1 degrees F
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What are the six simple machines?
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Pulley Lever Wheel and Axel Wedge Screw Plane
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How to solve problems using appropriate units in engineering systems?
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Increase velocity of liquid Increase force or increase area absolute p + gauge = atmospheric pressure
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How to identify the uses and types if inductors and capacitors?
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Capacitor- stores electrical energy Inductors- stores energy (w/ magnetic field)
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How to use insulation to minimize heat flow?
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1. sealed windows (vacuum) 2. Fiberglass
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How to identify electrical components and their functions?
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Diode limits- keeps current in 1 direction Translator- amplifies or switches on electrical signal
