Neonatal Dermatology – Flashcards
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What three neonatal conditions are characterized histologically by formation of needle shaped clefts within lipocytes? Which type of crystal in each?
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Sclerema Neonatorum type A microsized crystal (normal but in excess with no associated inflammation); Subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn post steroid panniculitis type B crystals (rosette arrangement with associated inflammation)
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Form of panniculitis that occurs in full term neonates within the first few weeks of life with circumscribed, erythematous, indurated subcutaneous nodules favoring cheeks, shoulders, back, buttocks, thighs. Histologically with needle shaped clefts in fat necrosis and prominent inflammatory infiltrate. What is the main associated symptom that should be monitored until 1 month after full resolution?
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subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn hypercalcemia
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Soft, mostly non painful papules involving the heels. Common and infantile variant. What is the name of the condition and two diseases they are seen in?
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Pedal papules of infancy Ehlers Danlos Prader Willi
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What is the name of the condition with ill defined erythematous patches with waxy scale over scalp, axillae, groin seen in infants typically 1 week after birth with resolution within 1 year? What are three etiologic links?
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Seborrheic Dermatitis active sebaceous glands abnormal sebum composition Malassezia Furfur
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Name of condition that occurs in neonates less than 2 weeks of age, children and adults in hot climates who present with non pruritic clear fragile 1 mm vesicles on the face and trunk? Location of obstruction?
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Miliaria crystallina stratum corneum (obstruction of eccrine ducts)
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Name of condition that occurs in neonates 1-3 weeks of age, children and adults in hot climates with non follicular pruritic erythematous 1-3 mm papules, pustules on the neck and upper trunk? Location of obstruction
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Miliaria rubra mid epidermis (eccrine ducts)
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Name of condition that occurs in adults in hot climates with non pruritic white 1-3 mm papules on the trunk and proximal extremities? Hx of multiple bouts of ___? Location of obstruction?
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Miliaria Profunda Rubra DEJ (eccrine ducts)
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The hair collar sign can be seen in infants born with aplasia cutis congenita and consists of a ring of dark long hair encircling lesions. This may be a marker of what?
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neural tube defect
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The name of syndrome with ACC of lower extremities + EBDD
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Bart
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The name of syndrome with ACC on scalp with skull ossification defect + extensive CMTC (cutis marmorata telangiectatic congenita) + limb defects (reductions, syndactylyl) + cardiac
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Adams Oliver
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The name of syndrome with Bilateral temporal ACC + abnormal eyelashes + leonine faces + upward slanting eyebrows
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Seitles
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The name of condition present at birth with dark purple to red reticular pattern on trunk/extremities with segmental distribution that persists upon warming the affected infant. 50% of time associated with anomalies -- which are the two most common?
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CMTC hypoplasia vascular malformations
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The name of condition seen at birth in 1 in 250 new borns with intact bullae, erosion, callus or superficial ulceration on a non inflamed base?
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Sucking blister
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Which three congenital infections of the newborn have "blueberry muffin lesions" (i.e. red blue papules nodules)
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CMV Rubella Toxoplasmosis
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Blueberry muffin lesions are seen in congenital infections of the newborn as red blue papules and nodules. What do they represent?
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Extramedullary erythropoiesis in dermis
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Which congenital infection of the newborn is the leading cause of deafness and mental retardation in the US? Which leads to 50% change of deafness?
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CMV Rubella
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Which TORCH syndrome has histology with enlarged endothelial cells with intranuclear inclusions?
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CMV
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Which TORCH syndrome has hemorrhagic and necrotic papules that favor the trunk (?blueberry muffin) and in 10-30% have chorioretinitis that leads to visual loss and 20% with neurologic manifestations?
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Toxoplasmosis
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What does TORCHs stand for?
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Toxoplasmosis other (varicella) rubella CMV HSV syphilis
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In toxoplasmosis the risk of transmission is greatest if mom is infected in third trimester but a more severe disease if contracted early on. In Rubella, severe birth defects are seen if infected in the first ____ weeks? For varicella the risk is within the first ____ weeks?
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16 20
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What is the mortality rate of HSV congenital infection if left untreated?
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50-75
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In which TORCHs syndrome do you see rhagades (radial periorificial mouth nose eyes anus scars from previous fissures), papulosquamous macules papules (like secondary syphillius) plus bullous lesions (symphilitic phemphigus) and erosive lesions; snuffles; LAD?
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Early syphillis
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What is the hutchinson's triad seen in late syphilis?
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Interstitial keratitis hutchinsons teeth (peg shaped notced permanent incisors) neural deafness
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What is the name of multiple rounded rudimentary cusps on permanent first molars that are seen in late congenital syphilis?
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Mulberry molars
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What is Higoumenakis sign? Seen in which type of congenital syphilis?
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thickening of clavicle late
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Neurosyphilis is classically a manifestation of tertiary syphilis but can occur at any stage of the disease and can be seen in early congentital syphilis. Tabes dorsalis affects up to a third of patients with neurosyphilis with loss of posterior column (vibratory and position) Argyll roberston pupils and occurs in ____ congential syphilis
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late
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Which diaper dermatitis includes scrotum? which spares the inguinal folds? includes inguinal creases?
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Candida irritant psoriasis
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