Myology: The Study of Muscles – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
Muscle Function
answer
Production of movement, production of heat, maintenance of posture
question
Types of Muscle
answer
Cardiac muscle, visceral (smooth) muscle, skeletal muscle
question
Cardiac Muscle
answer
Found exclusively in the heart, characterized by involuntary action and striated appearance when seen under a microscope
question
Visceral (smooth) Muscle
answer
Associated with internal structures such as blood vessels and the digestive tube. Involuntary, non striated
question
Skeletal Muscle
answer
Muscle type that attaches to bones of skeleton. Voluntary, striated
question
Parts of Muscle
answer
Muscle belly, origin, insertion
question
Muscle Belly
answer
Fleshy of contraction part of the muscle located between the tendons or origin and insertion
question
Origin
answer
(usually more proximal) Tendon or muscle attachment that is located on the body part that is less movable
question
Insertion
answer
(usually more distal) Tendon or muscle attachment that is located on the body part that is more movable
question
Roles of skeletal muscle in action
answer
Prime mover (agonist), antagonist, synergist, fixator
question
Prime Mover (agonist)
answer
Major agent that initiates and maintains a particular action
question
Antagonist
answer
opposes the movement of the prime mover or initiates and maintains the converse of the prime movement
question
Synergist
answer
Steadies or eliminates unwanted movement when a muscle crosses two joints. Ex: When you make a fist, flexors bend the fingers. But to keep the fist from flexing toward the forearm, extensors (synergists) on the posterior forearm contract to stabilize wrist position
question
Fixator
answer
Maintains the position of a body part not actually involved in movement. Ex: Certain upper limb muscles hold your arms and forearm steady wile our fingers type
question
Actions produced by skeletal muscle
answer
Flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, rotation, circumduction
question
Flexion
answer
Decrease in angle between two body parts
question
Extension
answer
Increase in angle between two body parts
question
Abduction
answer
Moving laterally or away from the midline of the body
question
Adduction
answer
Moving medially or toward the midline
question
Rotation
answer
Movement around the long axis of the bone
question
Circumduction
answer
Circumscribing a cone with the joints as its apex; combination of flexion, abduction, extension, and adduction at the hip
