Mycology: Mycology 1 – Flashcards

1. Chytridiomycota 2. Glomeromycota 3. Zygomycota 4. Ascomycota (including deutoromycetes) 5. Basidomycota

Chytridiomycota: 1. Form *motile spores* called zoospores 2. Meiosis occurs in *resting sporangium*

Glomeromycota: 1. Forms spores containing *hundreds of nuclei*; no known sexual reproduction

Zygomycota: 1. Form asexual spores called sporangiospores 2. Meiosis occurs in *zygo*spore

Ascomycota: 1. Forms asexual spores called conidia 2. Meiosis occurs in *asc*us (a type of sexual spore)

Basidiomycota: 1. Meiosis occurs in *basid*ium (a type of spore)

Mold: 1. A morphological term referring to a *filamentous (multicellular) fungus*

Yest: 1. A morphological term referring to a *unicellular fungus* a. Non-filamentous form (circular)

1. Dimorphic fungi - A class of fungi characterized by two forms of growth: a. Growth as a *mold* with septate hyphae in their natural reservoir (e.g. soil) or when incubated at 25 degrees C on conventional fungal media (potato dextrose agars) b. Growth as a *yeast* in the tissue of an animal/person or when incubated at 37 degrees C on enriched media (brain/heart infusion agar).

1. Hypha is a long, branching filamentous cell. Hyphae are the main mode of vegetative growth, and are collectively called a *mycelium*

1. Mycelium is the *intertwined mass of hyphae* that froms the mold colony a. Vegetative mycelium is composed of those hyphae that adhere to the substrate and absorbs nutrients. b. Aerial mycelium is composed of those hyphae that grow up from the surface and support the spores

Septate: *Cross-walls (septae) that divide hyphae* into segments. a. If there are few or no cross-walls the hyphae are considered to be aseptate

Conidia: 1. Conidia: *asexual* spores borne externally on hyphae or on a *condiophore*

Conidiophore: 1. Conidiophore: specialized *hyphal stalk* on which conidia develop either singly or in clusters

Germ-tube: 1. *The initial hyphal outgrowth* of a germinating spore or yeast a. Especially important for identification of *candida albicans*

Pseudohyphae (Pseudomycelium) 1. *Chains of successively budding yeast cells* that have complete cell walls, but have not detached from one another

Rhizoid: 1. Rhizoid: *rootlike branched hyphae* which anchor the mycelium to the substrate a Characteristic of certain zygomycetes

Dematiaceous Molds: 1. Term dematiaceous refers to molds whose hyphae are pigmented. Because of the pigment, the colonies of these fungi will appear dark green, brown or black *on both the top and reverse (underside)*