Music Therapy in Special Education – Flashcards
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History of Special Education
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1800's- Public education for students with disabilities Early 1900's- Asylums/institutions, no education --> segregated schools and separate classrooms Mid 1900's- Social participation, vocational skills, basic rights considered Late 1900's- Mainstreaming, early intervention services, IDEA Present- Continued movement towards education of students with disabilities, No Child Left Behind Act
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Brown vs Board of Education
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1954, separate education did not provide equal education
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IDEA
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-Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, 2004 -Federal Law
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Related Service
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Additional services that are related to education but not typically and educational service - OT, MT, PT, Speech and Language therapy
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Principles of Inclusion
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Human Potential Movement- Everyone has the desire to develop in a positive way General System Theory- Student should be seen as a whole person Principle of normalization- Students with disabilities should have same experiences as other students Self-Determination Movement- Students and families should be empowered through decision making opportunities
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Models of Educational Services
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Full Inclusion Model- In regular class 100% of the time Mainstreaming/Inclusion Model- 50/50 Social Mainstreaming Model- In general classes for social interaction Self-Contained Classroom Model- Classroom only for children with disabilities Separate School or Residential School Model- In separate school *Placed based on LRE*
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What class is often the first choice for mainstreaming a student?
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Music Class
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SEMTAP
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Special Education Music Therapy Assessment Process - Selects objectives from IEP - Develops MT interventions - Facilitates 1-2 MT session - Collects data
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IEP vs District Wide
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IEP- Related service for an individual student District Wide- Works with any student that could benefit from the related service *MT is a district wide setting*
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Characteristics of successful collaborators
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1. Willingness to share information 2. Ability to depersonalize and not become defensive 3. Good interpersonal skills 4. Willingness to reserve judgement 5. Ability to actively listen to others 6. Genuine interest in others' opinions 7. Ability to acknowledge to contributions of others
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Music to manage behavior
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1. Contingent music- using music to reward appropriate behaviors 2. Positive Mood Change- music is a quick, efficient , & noninvasive way to manage difficult behaviors 3. Appropriate expression of emotions through songwriting/music making
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Learning Disability (LD) Specific Leaning Disability
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Disorder related to processing information that leads to difficulties in reading, writing, and computing
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Speech or Language Impairment Communication Disorder (CD)
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Disorder related to accurately producing the sounds of language or meaningfully using language to communicate
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Intellectual Disability Cognitive Impairment
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Significant limitations in intellectual ability and adaptive behavior
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Emotional Disturbance (ED) Behavior Disorder (BD) Emotional Disability
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Significant problems in the social-emotional area to a degree that learning is negatively affected
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Autism ASD
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Extraordinary difficulty in social responsiveness
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Hearing Impairment Deaf Hard of Hearing (DHH)
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Partial or complete loss of hearing
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Visual Impairment Low Vision Blind
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Partial or complete loss of vision
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Deaf-Blindness
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Simultaneous significant hearing less and visual loss
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Orthopedic Impairment (OI) Physical Disability
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Significant physical limitation that impairs ability to move or complete motor activities
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Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)
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Serious brain injury that occurs from accident or injury; may effect learning, behavior, social skills and language
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Other Health Impairment (OHI)
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Disease or health disorder that affects learning
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Multiple Disability
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2 or more disabilities, neither can be identified as the primary disability
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Developmental Delay (DD)
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Nonspecific disability category that states may choose to use as an alternative to specific disability labels for identifying students up to age 9 needing special education
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DGT
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pg 414 pg 416 pg 418 pgs 420-422
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Collaboration
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Mutually beneficial relationship entered into by individuals, groups, or organizations in order t0 acheive results they are more likely to achieve together than alone
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Accommodations in MT and Music Education
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- Acoustical Accommodations - Selecting appropriate music and instruments
