Multicultural Education Test 3 Chapter 7 – Flashcards

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The English spoken by a particular group of individuals in a community that is typically the professional educated middle class with the highest degree of influence and prestige is
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Standard English
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A creole of English with words and phrases from Hawaiian, Chinese, Japanese, etc. is
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Pidgin English
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A system of vocal sounds and/or nonverbal systems by which group members communicate with one another is
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Language
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Variations of a language usually determined by region or social class is
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Dialect
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A dialect of the same language that is not considered standard is
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Nonstandard dialect
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A vernacular or dialect of the majority of Black Americans is
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Ebonics
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The informal or conversational speech in a community is
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Colloquialism
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The number of identified languages spoken in the United States is
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381
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The secretive vocabulary of a co-culture group is
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Argot
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Groups of people who exist and function apart from the dominant culture are
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Co-Cultures
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The ability to speak two languages is
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Bilingualism
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The ability to speak only one language is
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Monolingualism
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The process that occurs when a second language replaces the first is
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Subtractive bilingualism
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The process that occurs when two languages are of equal value and neither dominates the other is
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Additive bilingualism
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The way an individual pronounces words is
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Accent
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the dialect that is spoken more than any other in the United States is
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Southern dialect
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The ability to speak in two or more dialects is
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Bi dialectalism
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The language considered proper in a community is
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Informal standard
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The acceptable written language that is typically found in grammar books is
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Formal standard
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A natural language that has been developed and used by persons who are deaf is
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American Sign Language
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A system that translates the English oral or written word into a sign is
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Signed English
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The process of communication that occurs without words is
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Nonverbal communication
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Students who have limited or no English skills and who are in the process of learning English are
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English Language Learners
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The school district with the largest ELL enrollment is
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Los Angeles Unified
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The percentage of ELL students that are failing to make progress toward English Language proficiency is
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25%
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The graduation rate for ELL students is
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64%
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Basica, everyday conversational skills, which English Language Learners can develop in approximately two years is
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Basic interpersonal communication skills
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The higher levels of proficiency required in highly structured academic situations is
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Cognitive academic language proficiency
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A position supported by U.S. English, a citizen's action group, which is seeking to have English declared as the official language of the U.S. is
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Official English
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An instructional process in which English language acquisition is structured so that nearly all instruction is in English is
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Sheltered English Immersion
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As of 2010 English as the official language has been adopted in the form of statues and state constitutional amendments in
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31 states
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By the year 2050, the percentage of U.S. residents that will be immigrants is
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20%
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The use of two languages as the method of instruction, which accepts and develops native language in the instructional process is
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Bilingual education
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The legislation that stipulates that special language programs are necessary if schools are to provide and equal educational opportunity for all students is
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Lau v. Nichols
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Programs that emphasize bilingual education as a means of moving from the culture and language most commonly used for communication in the home to the mainstream of U.S. language and culture are
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Transition programs
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