Ms. Belcoure’s Mid-Term – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Unlock answers
question
How many significant figures are there in 0.732 m.
answer
3
question
Define matter
answer
Something with both mass and volume
question
Is soil a homogeneous or heterogeneous mixture?
answer
heterogeneous
question
How are mixtures separated?
answer
By using physical properties
question
What physical property is being taken advantage of in the distillation process?
answer
boiling point
question
What does the arrow in a chemical reaction signify?
answer
the direction the reaction is going in
question
What is a qualitative observation?
answer
An observation without numbers.
question
What is a quantitative observation?
answer
An observation with numbers. A measurement.
question
What is an accurate measurement?
answer
A measurement that comes close to the true value.
question
What is a precise measurement?
answer
A measurement that comes close to several previous measurements.
question
Can a measurement be precise but not accurate?
answer
Yes
question
When using scientific notation the exponent indicates how many times the coefficient must be multiplied by 10. Which way does the decimal point move if the exponent is negative?
answer
To the left.
question
Which way will you move the decimal if the exponent is positive?
answer
To the right.
question
What are included as significant figures when doing a scientific measurement?
answer
All the digits that are known precisely (There are usually lines for these.) plus one last digit that is estimated.
question
How many significant figures are there in 7004 m.
answer
4
question
How many significant figures are there in 0.0056 m.
answer
2
question
How many significant figures are there in 700 m.
answer
One, unless the zeros are measured values.
question
How many nanometers are in a meter?
answer
1,000,000,000
question
Express the following answer in scientific notation with the correct number of significant figures. 7.8g + 34.15g + 19g =
answer
6.1 x 10^1 g
question
Define density.
answer
Mass divided by Volume
question
A 35.0 mL metal cube weighed 242.455g. What is its density? Answer with the correct number of significant figures.
answer
6.93 mL/g
question
A substance is described as hard, is that a qualitative or quantitative description?
answer
Qualitative
question
Each element on the periodic table has two numbers. What is the smaller number called?
answer
Atomic Number
question
Each element on the periodic table has two numbers. What is the larger number called?
answer
Mass Number
question
What does the Atomic Number tell us about subatomic particles?
answer
The number of protons equals the atomic number.
question
How would you calculate the number of neutrons from the periodic table?
answer
Mass Number - Atomic Number = Number of Neutrons
question
How much do electrons affect the Mass Number?
answer
They don't, their mass is negligible.
question
When is an atom an isotope?
answer
Elements with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons.
question
What is the atomic number of radium?
answer
88
question
What is the mass number of radium-226?
answer
226
question
Determine the number of neutrons in radium-226.
answer
138 neutrons (Subtract the atomic number from the mass number.)
question
What are the horizontal rows on the periodic table called?
answer
periods
question
How many valence electrons does a helium atom have?
answer
2
question
Are these the questions that make up Ms. Belcoure's final?
answer
No, but this is the content you need to know for that final.
question
What are the vertical columns on the periodic table called?
answer
groups or families
question
Are most elements metals or non-metals?
answer
metals
question
Which blocks make-up the representative elements?
answer
s and p
question
What makes the electron configurations unique in the representative elements?
answer
the outermost s and p sublevels are partially filled
question
As we move across a period in the periodic table what subatomic particle is added?
answer
proton
question
As we move across the periodic table one proton is added to each element. What other subatomic element must be added if the atom is to remain neutral?
answer
electron
question
What is added as we move down a group?
answer
energy level
question

Nitrogen's electron configuration is 1s2 2s2 2p3. How many electrons are in the outermost sublevel of Phosphorus?

(CLUE: Not energy level, sublevel.)

answer
3
question
Which is a transition metal? sodium, iodine, nickel or uranium(Know why, these aren't the ones on the test.)
answer
nickel
question
Which is an inner transition metal? sodium, iodine, nickel or uranium(Know why, these aren't the ones on the test.)
answer
uranium
question
Of the three subatomic particles, the electron plays the greatest part in determining the physical and chemical properties of an element. What sublevel is being filled as we move, left to right, along the transition metals.
answer
d
question
The arrangement of elements in the periodic table depends on physical and chemical properties. Therefore, there is a relationship between the electron configuration of an element and its position on the table. What sublevel is being filled as we move, left to right, along the inner transition metals.
answer
f
question
Atomic radius increases as we move down a group. Why?
answer
Another energy level is filled which increases the size of the electron cloud.
question
State the main premise of the law of conservation of mass.
answer
matter cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction
question
What subatomic particle is lost to form a cation?
answer
electron
question
What force holds electrons to the atom?
answer
positive protons, electromagnetic
question
Which has the largest radius, neutral calcium or its ion? (Know why, this isn't the one on the test?)
answer
neutral calcium
question
Metals are on which side of the stair-cased line?
answer
left
question
What is electronegativity?
answer
an atom’s ability to attract electrons
question
Which element has the highest electronegativity? Fe, Cl, B, Cs (Know why, these are not the one's on the test.)
answer
Cl
question
Which element would you expect to have the properties most like carbon? (Again, know why.)
answer
silicon
question
What is most of the volume in any atom?
answer
empty space
question
A nuclear particle that has about the same mass as a proton, but with no electrical charge, is called a(n)…
answer
neutron
question
What is the nucleus, except a common isotope of hydrogen, made up of?
answer
tightly packed protons and neutrons
question
An isotope of titanium consists of 22 protons, 22 electrons, and 25 neutrons. What is its mass number?
answer
47 (Again, the element on the test is not this one.)
question
Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have different...
answer
number of neutrons
question
Write the Lewis dot structure for potassium.
answer
there should be one dot (Be sure you can do all the representative elements)
question
What is the name given to the electrons in the highest occupied energy level of an atom?
answer
valence electrons
question
How are the noble gasses unique?
answer
the outermost s and p sublevels are completely filled
question
The octet rule means atoms react to imitate __________.
answer
the electron configuration of a noble gas
question
How does lithium obey the octet rule when reacting to form an ionic compound?
answer
it loses one electron
question
What is calcium's oxidation number?
answer
+2
question
What ion does oxygen become when reacting with a metal?
answer
anion, -2
question
Which kind of ion does neon become when reacting with a metal?
answer
Trick Question, none of the noble gasses form ions
question
How many electrons must nitrogen gain to achieve a noble gas electron configuration?
answer
3
question
How many electrons must barium give up to achieve a noble gas electron configuration?
answer
2
question
What is bromine's oxidation number?
answer
-1
question
Will carbon and oxygen form an ionic compound?
answer
no
question
Will lithium and oxygen form an ionic compound?
answer
yes
question
What is a polyatomic ion?
answer
two or more atoms, covalently bonded with a charge
question
What is a salt?
answer
an ionic compound
question
What type of bond shares electrons?
answer
covalent
question
What type of bond is formed between anions and cations?
answer
ionic
question
What state are ionic compounds usually in at room temperature?
answer
solid
question
Melting points are good indicators of bond strength. The higher the melting point of a compound the stronger the bond. The melting point of sodium chloride is relatively _____________.
answer
high
question
An element’s chemical properties are determined by __________________.
answer
valence
question
Which is the most reactive? Li, B, C, Ne
answer
Li
question
What is the mass of aluminum-27 isotope?
answer
27
question
Which electron configuration belongs to the element that is the most chemically reactive? 1s22s22p63s23p6, 1s22s22p5, 1s22s22p6, 1s2
answer
1s22s22p5
question
Which group of elements is inert?
answer
noble gasses
question
What will cause the element with the electron configuration 1s22s22p63s23p4 to have an octet configuration?
answer
gain 2 electrons
question
Which of the following is NOT matter? atoms, ultraviolet radiation, air, the Sun
answer
ultrviolet radiation
question
What element has 5 protons and 6 neutrons?
answer
boron
question
What is the branch of chemistry that focuses on carbon-containing chemicals called?
answer
organic chemistry
question
What neutral atom has 88 electrons?
answer
radium
question
Which is poured first when preparing an acid solution, acid or water?
answer
water,add acid to water slowly
question
What element has an atomic number of 78?
answer
platinum
question
How many significant figures are in the value 213 000 m/s
answer
3
question
If you need to write 215 000 g in scientific notation, how many significant figures should be included.
answer
It has three significant figures
question
Write 319 000 000 in scientific notation.
answer
3.19 x 10^8
question
Round 12.655 cm to four significant figures.
answer
12.66 cm
question
Which is a compound salt, air, or nickel?
answer
salt
question
How many electrons does Osmium-190 have?
answer
76
question
Which of the following is a homogeneous mixture, silicon, air, nickel?
answer
air
question
How do you know a reaction is exothermic?
answer
it releases energy, usually in the form of heat
question
Which of the following is an element salt, brass aluminum?
answer
aluminum
question
Elements of the same group have the same number of ______________?
answer
valence electrons
question

Most of the elements in groups 6A-8A are classified as ______________.

;

Clue:noble gases are 8A, halogens are 7A

answer
nonmetals
question
Is RbI ionic?
answer
yes
question
Identify the period and group of the element that has the electron configuration [Ne]3s2 3p3.
answer
period 3, group 5A
question
An element with the electron configuration 1s22s22p63s2 will ionize to a(n)...
answer
cation
question
Is the following electron configuration stable or unstable, [Ar}4s^2 3d^10 4p^5
answer
unstable
question
Is the following electron configuration a metal or a non-metal, [Ar}4s2 3d10 4p5
answer
non-metal
question
What is the electron configuration for the element in group 4A and period 4 of the periodic table?
answer
[Ar]4s^2 3d^10 4p^2
question
What should you use to measure volume?
answer
a graduated cylinder, or you could use a ruler and calculate the volume
question
The trend in the atomic radii as you move doewn the group 1A elements is partially due to ____________.
answer
shielding by inner electrons
question
Which is larger, Br or Br-.
answer
Br-
question
What units are used to express volume?
answer
liters, milliliters or cm^3
question
How many electrons does an atom generally need in its outer level to be the most stable?
answer
8
question
An element with the electron configuration 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 will ionize to a(n);
answer
cation
question
Elements in the same group have similar chemical properties because...
answer
they have the same number of valence electrons.
question
What electrons are involved in the formation of a covalent bond?
answer
shared valence electrons
question
Describe the relationship between boron and silicon.
answer
They have a diagonal relationship.
question
What is the value of all conversion factors?
answer
1
question
Name three elements found most frequently in living organisms?
answer
carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen
question
How many moles are 1.2 x 1024 molecules of CH4?
answer
2.0 moles CH4
question
Is the following electron configuration a nobel gas, ns^2 np^6? (where n equals one through seven)
answer
yes
question
How many formula units are in 2.3 moles of NaCl?
answer
1.4 x 10^24 formula units NaCl
question
How many outer d electrons are there in an ion that has achieved a pseudo-noble gas configuration?
answer
ten
question
In a chemical equation where are catalysts written?
answer
above the arrow
question
What is the formula of calcium phosphate?
answer
Ca3(PO4)2
question
What are the diatomic seven?
answer
hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, florine, chlorine, bromine, iodine
question
How many electrons are shared in a double bond?
answer
four
question
When balancing a chemical reaction there is only one type of number that can be changed. What do we call them?
answer
coefficients
question
A mole of potassium chloride (KCl) contains 6.02 x 1023 ____________.
answer
formula units
question
The SI unit of molar mass is the ______.
answer
grams/mole
question
How many moles of oxygen atoms do 1.5 moles of CO2 contain?
answer
3.0 mol
question
Which has the smallest molar mass: CO, CO2, H2O, H2O2 ?
answer
H2O
question
One mole of silicon(Si) has a mass of 28.086 g, and one mole of carbon has a mass of 12.011 g. What is the mass of one mole of silicon carbide (SiC)?
answer
40.097g
question
The correct Lewis structure for a molecule of the compound C2H2 contains how many double bonds?
answer
1
question
Methane (CH4) contains 75% carbon. What percentage of methane is hydrogen?
answer
25%
question
Write the chemical formula for sodium bromide dihydrate.
answer
NaBr*2H2O
question
Is bromine stable or unstable?
answer
stable, because it is neutral
question
What are units of concentration?
answer
moles
question
Stoichiometry is bases on what law?
answer
conservation of mass
question
What is molar mass?
answer
The sum of the masses of all the atoms in a compound
question
Where do you look to find mole ratios for a reaction?
answer
balanced chemical reaction
question
In the decomposition reaction AB into substances A and B, what is the number of mole ratios?
answer
6
question
1.73 moles of an Ideal Gas has a pressure of 365.38 torr, at 272.6 Kelvin. Using the constant 62.36 L(torr/mol K), what is its volume?
answer
80.5L
question
What will an acid produce in water?
answer
H+ or H3O+, hydronium ions
question
Find the mass in grams of 2.23 x 1024 atoms of nitrogen.
answer
51.8 g N
question
Is bromine and metal or nonmetal?
answer
nonmetal
question
What is the most important industrial chemical in the world?
answer
H2SO4, sufuric acid
question
List the 3 most studied types of radiation from most massive to least massive.
answer
alpha, beta, gamma
question
What is the majority of an atom's volume occupied by?
answer
nothing, empty space
question
Define exothermic reactions.
answer
Exothermic reactions release energy into the environment.
question
In a fusion reaction would you expect the product(s) to have more or less mass than the reactant(s)?
answer
more
question
Write the name for Ca(OH)2?
answer
calcium hydroxide
question
In a fission reaction would you expect the product(s) to have more or less mass than the reactant(s)?
answer
less
question
What is the electron configuration of the element in group 4A and period 4 of the periodic table?
answer
[Ar]4s23d104p2
question
What type of radioactive decay is not a particle?
answer
gamma
question
Which family of elements are inert?
answer
noble gases
question
Are half lives the same for different isotopes?
answer
No, different isotopes have different half lives.
question
What element is [Ar]4s23d104p5 ?
answer
Br
question
What happens to the size of atoms as you go down a group?
answer
The size increases
question
What is the product when magnesium is burned in oxygen?
answer
MgO
question
What would be the correct coefficients in the chemical equation of Mg reacting with oxygen?
answer
2,1,2
question
What will a base produce in water?
answer
OH-, hydroxide ions
question
Give two reasons the size of an atom increases as you move down a group.
answer

1. Each has a new principal energy level.

2. shielding by inner electrons

question
Name 2 things that are not matter?
answer
energy, forces, light, emotions
question
Is air matter? Why?
answer
Yes, because it has volume and mass.
question
Is H2CO3 an acid or a base? Why?
answer
acid: because it will donate a proton
question
Why do chemists do titrations?
answer
to determine the concentration of an unknown
question
What is potassiums oxidation number?
answer
1+
question
Is NaF ionic or covalent?
answer
ionic
question

Which is most stable:

[Ne]3s23p5

[Ne]3s23p64s23d5

[He]2s22p3

[Ne]3s23p6

answer
[Ne]3s23p6
question
Is SO2 ionic or covalent?
answer
covalent
question
How does a covalent bond differ from an ionic bond?
answer
Ionic bonds result from the transfer of electrons. Covalent bonds result from the sharing of electrons.
question
Elements in the same group have the same number of ________________.
answer
valence electrons
question
Are groups 6A through 8A be in the metals or nonmetals side of the periodic table?
answer
non-metals
question
Identify the period and group of the element that has the electron configuration [Ne]3s23p3.
answer
period 3, group 5A
Get an explanation on any task
Get unstuck with the help of our AI assistant in seconds
New