question

components of dna, called ______ control how the molecular toolkit is used

answer

genetic switches

question

a morphogen is a protein that can restore totipotency to cells from an adult animal

answer

FALSE

question

pair rule genes

answer

segmentation gene

question

_________ is a shift in the relative timing of two different developmental processes that can result in new morphology

answer

heterochrony

question

Which of the following is least likely to occur from the inactivation of p53

answer

increased propensity to arrest in G1

question

The enzyme telomerase is essential for unlimited cell division since

answer

a lack of telomerase will result in chromosome shortening and cell death

question

What kind of information will be used for personalized cancer treatment?

answer

whole genome sequencing

question

Why are some individuals predisposed to getting cancer

answer

they inherit mutant alleles of genes that are involved in cancer development

question

Drugs such as gleevec and herceptin represent a modern approach to cancer treatment since they

answer

specifically target gene alterations that occur in some cancers

question

What type of segmentation gene in Drosophila is most analogous to the loss of seven cervical vertebrae produced by the recessive mouse mutation?

answer

gap gene and gene

question

Establishment of the dorsal-ventral axis of the Drosophila embryo:

answer

involves the nuclear localization of Dorsal protein in the ventral nuclei

question

The homeotic, gap, pair-rule, and segment polarity genes ALL control:

answer

aspects of the anterior posterior pattern formation AND

question

High concentration of which protein simulates the development of anterior structures?

answer

bicoid

question

the ability of an organism to modify its development in response to environmental conditions is called

answer

developmental plasticity

question

Match: ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny

answer

Ernst Haeckel

question

What are Hox genes?

answer

Homeotic selector genes that encode transription factors which give a segment its identity

question

in its active form, the RAS protein is associated with

answer

GTP

question

experimental result that supports the hypothesis that cancers are clonal

answer

cells from cancers of women have the same x chromosome inactivated

question

the term for a mutated gene that can act dominantly to predispose a cell to a cancerous phenotype

answer

oncogenes

question

the enzymatic activity of CDKs are regulated by their forming a complex with which proteins

answer

cyclins

question

the current model of cancer development is that

answer

a cancer develops from a single cell that evolves through multiple mutations

question

Which of the following statements about the gene eyeless is true?

answer

it is found in Drosophila it encodes a transcription factor Pax6 is the equivalent gene in mice

question

how can a mutation in a tumor suppressor behave as a recessive allele at the cellular level but appear as a dominant allele in pedigree analysis?

answer

at the cellular level both alleles need to be mutated for an effect while in a pedigree the cancer may be vertically inherited

question

which statement best describes the action of polypeptide growth factors

answer

they bind to cell surface receptors and trigger intracellular signal transduction pathways

question

activity of Rb is regulated by

answer

its phosphorylation state

question

Morphogens control cell fate at

answer

3 or more concentrations

question

Most regulatory genes have evolved little over a period of millions of years; therefore, they are said to be _______.

answer

conserved

question

a programmed cell change that results in cell death is referred to as

answer

apoptosis

question

a common type of genomic change that occurs in cancer cells

answer

polyploidy

question

in flies homeotic genes are present in two gene complexes

answer

true

question

which of the following is true of homeotic transformations in Drosophila

answer

they can be passed on from generation to generation

question

Deletion of the _______ gene in Drosophila converts the third thoracic segment into the second thoracic segment, resulting in a fly with two sets of fully formed wings.

answer

ubx

question

Match: antennapedia complex

answer

homeotic gene

question

Match: dorsal

answer

nuclear localization

question

The action of genes controlled by _______ determines where and when they will be expressed or suppressed.

answer

a) evolution b) None of the above c) patterning d) molecular toolboxes e) genetic switches****

question

Alterations in the spatial expression patterns of regulatory genes can result in

answer

a) mutant genotypes. b) mutant alleles. c) None of the above d) succession. e) evolutionary change.***

question

HPV inactivates p53; the fact that the loss of p53 function is oncogenic suggests that

answer

p53 normally functions to prevent uncontrolled cell division

question

the nanos mRNA is localized at the _______ end of the Drosophila egg

answer

posterior

question

The ability of a cell to move to other parts of the body is known as

answer

metastasis

question

when pax6 gene is overexpressed in flies

answer

flylike eyes develop.

question

How do developmental genes constrain evolution?

answer

a) Modifying previously existing structures b) Maintaining highly conserved genes c) Creating novel structures d) Both a and b*** e) All of the above

question

The expression of a zygotic gene product is based on the ____________________.

answer

genotype of the zygote

question

_______ allows morphological changes to occur without disrupting the entire organism.

answer

a) Developmental plasticity b) Regulatory malleability c) Heritability d) Modularity*** e) Heterochrony

question

Many of the genes that control development encode _______ that act on proteins in a cascade of events.

answer

a) transcription factors

module 5 self evaluation – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards