Modern World History Chapter 11 Imperialism Study Guide – Flashcards
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Imperialism
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a policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force.
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Racism
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the belief that all members of each race possess characteristics or abilities specific to that race, esp. so as to distinguish it as inferior or superior to another race or races.
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Social Darwinism
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survival of the fittest
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Berlin Conference
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divison of africans
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Shaka
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most influential leader of the Zulu kingdom resisted colonialism
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Boer
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first settlers of Africa Dutch Great Trek bores moved north to avoid conflict with the British
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Boer War
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Boers vs. British for land
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Motives behind European
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to extend their empire natural resources, new markets, strategic military, spread of western culture
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What factors in Africa made it vulnerable to European conquest?
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There was no unity
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Colony territory
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country governed by a foreign ruler Protectorate a state that is controlled and protected by another.
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Sphere of Influence
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trading partner ship to one area to another exclusive trade
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Economic Imperialism
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independent controlled private business interest
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Indirect control
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allowed the natives to run the operation
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Direct Control
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they run everything
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Paternalism Europeans
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governed people in a parental way
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Assimilation
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the local population would adopt French culture
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Menelik II
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African leader who defeated Italy in battle
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Why was Ethiopia able to resist European rule?
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Ethiopians army defeated the Italians, gained an arsenal of modern weapons
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What were the benefits of European Imperialism in Africa?
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They became more modernize, sanitation, transportation, schools, hospitals
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What were the negative consequences of European Imperialism in Africa?
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Lost their loss of many resources lots of people died
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Geopolitics
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interest in taking land for strategic positioning
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Crimean War
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a war between Russians and ottomans to gain control of the Black Sea
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Suez Canal
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connected the Red Sea to the Mediterranean, geopolitics, economic imperialism
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How did the death of Suleyman I affect the Ottoman Empire?
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Caused unrest in the empire, and a decline
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How did the discovery of oil in Persia led to European control?
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Europeans wanted the oil, Russia England used economic imperialism to gain access to oil in Persia
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Sepoy
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Indian solider in the British army
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Raj
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Era of the British direct control of India
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What methods did the British use to gain control of India?
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Direct and indirect control
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How did the Muslim and Hindu population cause problems for the Sepoy mutiny and Indian nationalist movement?
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They are always fighting against eachother
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What were the positive and negative effects of British Imperial rule in India?
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They are the same in Africa, improved sanitation health care schools, loss of Indian culture resources and independence
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Why did European nations desire colonies in the Pacific Rim?
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Economic control and geopolitical reasons
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Essay: Did imperialism in Africa have more positive or negative effects? Support your answer with details.
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More negative because they lost culture, independence, resources
