Flashcards and Answers – MIS CHAPTER 5
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MIS infrastructure
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includes the plans for how a firm will build, deploy, use, and share its data, processes, and MIS assets.
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hardware
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consists of the physical devices associated with a computer system
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software
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the set of instructions the hardware executes to carry out specific tasks.
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network
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a communications system created by linking two or more devices and establishing a standard methodology in which they can communicate.
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client
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a computer designed to request information from a server.
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server
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a computer dedicated to providing information in response to requests.
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enterprise architect
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a person grounded in technology, fluent in business, and able to provide the important bridge between MIS and the business.
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information MIS infrastructure
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identifies where and how important information, such as customer records, is maintained and secured.
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agile MIS infrastructure
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includes the hardware, software, and telecommunications equipment that, when combined, provide the underlying foundation to support the organization's goals.
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sustainable MIS infrastructure
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identifies ways that a company can grow in terms of computing resources while simultaneously becoming less dependent on hardware and energy consumption.
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backup
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an exact copy of a system's information.
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recovery
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the ability to get a system up and running in the event of a system crash or failure that includes restoring the information backup.
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fault tolerance
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the ability for a system to respond to unexpected failures or system crashes as the backup system immediately and automatically takes over with no loss of service.
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failover
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a specific type of fault tolerance, occurs when a redundant storage server offers an exact replica of the real-time data, and if the primary server crashes, the users are automatically directed to the secondary server or backup server.
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failback
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occurs when the primary machine recovers and resumes operations, taking over from the secondary server.
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disaster recovery plan
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a detailed process for recovering information or a system in the event of a catastrophic disaster.
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hot site
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a separate and fully equipped facility where the company can move immediately after a disaster and resume business.
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cold site
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a separate facility that does not have any computer equipment but is a place where employees can move after a disaster.
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warm site
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a separate facility with computer equipment that requires installation and configuration.
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disaster recovery cost curve
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charts (1) the cost to the company of the unavailability of information and technology and (2) the cost to the company of recovering from a disaster over time.
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business continuity planning (BCP)
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details how a company recovers and restores critical business operations and systems after a disaster or extended disruption.
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emergency notification service
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an infrastructure built for notifying people in the event of an emergency.
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accessibility
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refers to the varying levels that define what a user can access, view, or perform when operating a system.
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administrator access
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unrestricted access to the entire system.
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availability
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refers to the time frames when the system is operational.
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unavailable
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when it is not operating and cannot be used.
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high availability
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occurs when a system is continuously operational at all times.
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maintainability
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refers to how quickly a system can transform to support environmental changes.
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portability
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refers to the ability of an application to operate on different devices or software platforms, such as different operating systems.
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reliability
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ensures a system is functioning correctly and providing accurate information.
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scalability
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describes how well a system can scale up, or adapt to the increased demands of growth.
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performance
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measures how quickly a system performs a process or transaction.
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capacity planning
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determines future environmental infrastructure requirements to ensure high-quality system performance.
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usability
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the degree to which a system is easy to learn and efficient and satisfying to use.
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Moore's law
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refers to the computer chip performance per dollar doubling every 18 months.
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sustainable MIS
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describes the production, management, use, and disposal of technology in a way that minimizes damage to the environment.
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corporate social responsibility
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companies' acknowledged responsibility to society.
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ewaste
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refers to discarded, obsolete, or broken electronic devices.
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sustainable MIS disposal
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refers to the safe disposal of MIS assets at the end of their life cycle.
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grid computing
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a collection of computers, often geographically dispersed, that are coordinated to solve a common problem.
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smart grid
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delivers electricity using two-way digital technology.
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cloud computing
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refers to the use of resources and applications hosted remotely on the Internet.
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utility computing
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offers a pay-per-use revenue model similar to a metered service such as gas or electricity.
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infrastructure as a service (IaaS)
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a service that delivers hardware networking capabilities, including the use of servers, networking, and storage over the cloud using a pay-per-use revenue model.
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dynamic scaling
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means the MIS infrastructure can be automatically scaled up or down based on needed requirements.
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software as a service (SaaS)
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delivers applications over the cloud using a pay-per-use revenue model.
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platform as a service (PaaS)
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supports the deployment of entire systems including hardware, networking, and applications using a pay-per-use revenue model.
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virtualization
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creates multiple "virtual" machines on a single computing device.
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data center
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a facility used to house management information systems and associated components, such as telecommunications and storage systems.
