question

The percentage of gross domestic product of the United States that is produced by the knowledge and information sectors is estimated to be about ________ percent.

answer

45

question

Which of the following is not a typical component or capability of an enterprise-wide knowledge management system?

answer

KWS

question

Enterprise content management systems are designed to manage structured information, while other systems, such as KWS, are designed to manage semistructured and unstructured information.

answer

False

question

Which of the following systems digitizes, indexes, and tags documents according to a coherent framework?

answer

document management

question

Expertise and experience of organizational members that has not been formally documented best describes

answer

tacit knowledge

question

Which of the following is a type of intelligent technique?

answer

case-based knowledge

question

Hardware and software that attempts to emulate the processing patterns of the biological brain best describes

answer

a neutral network

question

Genetic algorithms

answer

develop solutions to particular problems using fitness, crossover, and mutation

question

Expert systems are typically used in business in discrete, highly structured decision-making situations.

answer

true

question

In order, which are the value-adding steps in the knowledge business value chain?

answer

data and information acquisition, acquire, store, disseminate, apply

question

What is meant by the statement "knowledge is sticky"?

answer

knowledge is hard to move

question

Fuzzy logic is a type of

answer

intelligent technique

question

Tools for the management, delivery, tracking, and assessment of various types of employee learning best describes a(n)

answer

learning management system

question

Which of the following techniques is used for knowledge discovery?

answer

data mining

question

Which of the following statements is not an accurate description of the importance of knowledge to a firm?

answer

knowledge is unconditional

question

Knowledge residing in the minds of employees that has not been documented is called explicit knowledge.

answer

false

question

To automate routine tasks to help firms search for and filter information for use in electronic commerce and supply chain management a firm would most likely use

answer

intelligent agents

question

You are advising a multimedia company on the best type of knowledge management system to help them archive digital video and sound clips. Which of the following will suit their needs?

answer

digital asset management system

question

Informal social networks of professionals and employees within and outside the firm who have similar work-related activities and interests are called communities of

answer

practice

question

The flow of events or transactions captured by an organization's system describes

answer

data

question

The set of business processes, culture, and behavior required to obtain value from investments in information systems is one type of

answer

organizational and management capital.

question

________ often are designed and optimized for the specific tasks to be performed.

answer

knowledge workstations

question

Software programs that work without direct human intervention to carry out specific tasks for individual users, business processes, or software applications, are called

answer

intelligent agents

question

Virtually all expert systems deal with problems of

answer

classification

question

Because neural network applications cannot always explain why they arrive at a particular solution, they are not well suited for use in the medical profession.

answer

false

question

VRML requires the use of a powerful server as well as large amounts of bandwidth.

answer

false

question

Knowledge can reside in e-mail, voice mail, graphics, and unstructured documents as well as structured documents.

answer

true

question

Case-based reasoning is not well-suited for diagnostic systems in medicine.

answer

false

question

Specialized systems built for engineers, scientists, and other knowledge workers charged with discovering and creating new knowledge for a company are called

answer

KWS

question

In content management, once a taxonomy is developed, documents must then be ________ with the proper classification.

answer

tagged

question

Expert systems are the primary tools used for knowledge discovery.

answer

false

question

Apple's Siri application is an example of

answer

intelligent agents

question

3D printing today is used to create small objects such as hip replacements.

answer

true

question

CAD is a type of intelligent technique.

answer

false

question

What type of intelligent technique helped Procter & Gamble determine the most efficient methods for their trucks to deliver goods?

answer

intelligent agents

question

Intelligent agents can discover underlying patterns, categories, and behaviors in large data sets.

answer

false

question

Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between collaboration and knowledge management?

answer

Knowledge is useful only when shared with others

question

Which of the following would not be considered semistructured knowledge?

answer

requests for proposals

question

Which of the following is not a Web 2.0 tool firms are using to foster collaboration?

answer

intranets

question

An inference engine is

answer

a strategy used to search through the rule base in an expert system by forward chaining or backward chaining.

question

Which of the following describes a difference between neural networks and genetic algorithms?

answer

Neural networks are programmed to "learn."

question

Which of the following would not be classified as a knowledge work system?

answer

expert system

question

CAD workstations

answer

provide engineers, designers, and factory managers with precise control over industrial design and manufacturing.

question

From your reading of the chapter case, which of the following was the primary knowledge management challenge facing the city of Denver?

answer

lack of integration

question

Fuzzy logic can describe a particular phenomenon or process linguistically and then represent that description in a small number of flexible rules.

answer

true

question

Structured knowledge is explicit knowledge that exists in informal documents.

answer

false

question

Backward chaining is

answer

a strategy for searching the rule base in an expert system that begins with a hypothesis.

question

Semistructured information is all the knowledge in a firm that resides in the heads of experienced employees.

answer

false

question

Fuzzy logic systems "learn" patterns from large quantities of data by sifting through data, searching for relationships, building models, and correcting over and over again the model's own mistakes.

answer

false

question

Knowledge workers include all of a company's workers who are tasked with managing or creating knowledge, from top-level scientists to clerical and data workers.

answer

false

question

In this technique, descriptions of past experiences of human specialists are stored in a database for later retrieval when the user encounters a situation with similar characteristics.

answer

CBR

question

Changing organizational behavior by sensing and responding to new experience and knowledge is called

answer

organizational learning

question

Investment workstations

answer

are used in the financial sector to analyze trading situations instantaneously and facilitate portfolio management.

question

Which of the following are the three major types of knowledge management systems?

answer

enterprise-wide knowledge management systems, knowledge work systems, and intelligent techniques

question

Virtual reality systems

answer

provide architects, engineers, and medical workers with precise, photorealistic simulations of objects.

question

Which of the following is not one of the main four dimensions of knowledge described in the chapter?

answer

knowledge has no locations

question

For a firm, organizational resources are needed to transform data into knowledge.

answer

true

question

Knowledge is universally applicable and easily moved.

answer

false

question

Most knowledge workers require specialized knowledge work systems, but they also rely on

answer

office sytems

question

Expert systems work by applying a set of AND/OR rules against a knowledge base, both of which are extracted from human experts.

answer

false

question

Expert systems capture the knowledge of skilled employees in the form of a set of rules in a software system that can be used by others in the organization.

answer

true

question

You are an automotive engineer working on an application that will automatically parallel park a car. The intelligent technique you may find most useful is

answer

fuzzy logic

question

Which of the following does not describe the dimensions of knowledge in a firm?

answer

it is subject to the laws of diminishing returns

question

Your company wants to develop intelligent techniques to create a "smart" oven that can perfectly cook basic foodstuffs, such as roasts and bread, using sensors and minimal input from the user. The system would know the difference between rare, medium rare, medium, and well done roasts. The category of intelligent technique that would describe this system is

answer

fuzzy logic

question

From your reading of the chapter case, which of the following was the primary knowledge management challenge facing the city of Denver?

answer

lack of integration

question

Forward chaining is

answer

a strategy for searching the rule base in an expert system that begins with information entered by the user.

question

Which of the following statements about 3D printing is not true?

answer

it is only usable to make prototypes

question

The decisions involved in creating and producing a corporate intranet can be classified as ________ decisions.

answer

semistructured

question

When there is no well-understood or agreed-on procedure for making a decision, it is said to be

answer

unstructured

question

The decision to approve a capital budget is an example of a(n) ________ decision.

answer

unstructured

question

Which of the following is not one of the five main analytic functionalities of BI systems for helping decision makers understand information and take action?

answer

business case archives

question

Which of the following systems support a manager's role as leader of an organization?

answer

telepresence systems

question

Middle management face primarily unstructured decisions.

answer

false

question

The implementation phase of Simon's decision-making model includes choosing among solution alternatives.

answer

false

question

MIS typically produce

answer

fixed, regularly scheduled reports based on data extracted from the organization's TPS.

question

Simon's description of decision making consists of which four stages?

answer

intelligence, design, choice, and implementation

question

The information system used by Caesar's Entertainment, which combines data from internal TPS with information from financial systems and external sources to deliver reports such as profit-loss statements and impact analyses, is an example of

answer

ESS

question

Improving the quality of high-value decision making by an executive will save an organization far more money than improving the quality of lesser-value decisions made at a lower level.

answer

false

question

Which of the following are most likely to rely primarily on production reports for their decision-making needs?

answer

operational employees and supervisors

question

Measures defined by management and used to internally evaluate the success of a firm's financial, business process, customer, and learning and growth are called

answer

KPIs

question

________ are visual tools for presenting performance data in a BI system.

answer

dashboards and scorecards

question

Which types of decisions are automated for high-velocity decision making?

answer

highly-structured decisions

question

GDSS

answer

enable increasing a meeting size without reducing productivity.

question

Checking store inventory is an example of a(n) ________ decision.

answer

structured

question

Which of the following describes how the Simon framework of decision-making works in high-velocity decision environments?

answer

All four steps of the process are handled by software algorithms; humans are eliminated from the decisions because they are too slow.

question

Behavioral models of managers find that, from observation, managers

answer

typically work in a fragmented manner, with only 10% of activities exceeding an hour in duration.

question

Web-based tools for videoconferencing and electronic meetings are the primary tools for GDSS.

answer

false

question

Which type of decision is deciding whether to introduce a new product line?

answer

unstructured

question

A pivot table is a

answer

spreadsheet tool that displays two or more dimensions of data in a convenient format.

question

Data visualization technologies are used to help human users see patterns and relationships in large amounts of data.

answer

true

question

Which of the following types of systems would be used to present senior marketing executives with in-depth information about customer retention, satisfaction, and quality performance?

answer

ESS

question

Which of the following statements best describes the term business intelligence?

answer

the infrastructure for collecting and managing business data

question

GDSS

answer

implement structured methods for organizing and evaluating ideas.

question

In contrast to the classical model of management, behavioral models see the actual behavior of managers as being more

answer

informal

question

The intelligence phase of decision making consists of discovering, identifying, and understanding the problems occurring in the organization.

answer

true

question

During a GDSS meeting, the attendees control the use of GDSS tools.

answer

false

question

The five classical functions of managers are planning, organizing, deciding, controlling, and

answer

coordinating

question

Which of the following statements best describes the business value of improved decision making?

answer

Improved decision making results in a large monetary value for the firm as numerous small daily decisions affecting efficiency, production, costs, and more add up to large annual values.

question

A well-designed ESS will allow management to

answer

all of these

question

Which type of decision is calculating gross pay for hourly workers?

answer

structured

question

Structured decision making is most prevalent at lower organizational levels.

answer

true

question

Which of the following is not an example of a BI predefined production report?

answer

revenue forecasts

question

A structured decision can be made by following a well-defined set of procedures. No "feel" or intuition is necessary.

answer

true

question

The type of decision that can made by following a definite procedure is called a(n) ________ decision.

answer

structured

question

The role of liaison falls into which of Mintzberg's managerial classifications?

answer

interpersonal

question

Which of the following managerial roles is not supported by information systems?

answer

negotiator

question

Mintzberg's classification of managerial roles outlines which three main categories?

answer

interpersonal, informational, and decisional

question

Which of the following are most likely to rely primarily on the drill-down functionality of BI for their decision-making needs?

answer

managers

question

A geographic information system is a decision support system designed specifically to work with spatial information.

answer

true

question

Which of the following is not one of the five observed ways in which managerial behavior differs from the classical description of managers?

answer

Managers prefer regular, written reports on firm activities

question

Which of the following is not one of the six main elements in the business intelligence environment discussed in this chapter?

answer

organizational environment

question

Big data is commonly used to analyze and predict consumer preferences.

answer

true

question

According to Mintzberg, managers in their informational role act as

answer

nerve centers of the organization.

question

Unstructured decisions are novel and nonroutine, and there is no well-understood or agreed-on procedure for making them.

answer

true

question

Which of the following companies is not one of the top five producers of business intelligence and analytics products?

answer

Sun

question

The role of entrepreneur falls into which of Mintzberg's managerial classifications?

answer

decisional

question

An information system for a building company that tracks construction costs for various projects across the United States would be categorized as a type of

answer

MIS

question

DSS are a special category of GIS.

answer

false

question

Which of the following statements best describes the business value of improved decision making?ch four stages?

answer

Improved decision making results in a large monetary value for the firm as numerous small daily decisions affecting efficiency, production, costs, and more add up to large annual values.

question

The first stage in Simon's decision-making process model is the design stage.

answer

false

question

GDSS facilitate the solution of unstructured problems by a set of decision makers working together as a group in either the same location or different locations.

answer

true

question

Which phase of decision making finds or recognizes a problem, need, or opportunity?

answer

intelligence

question

An essential component in the ability of GDSS to contribute to a collaborative environment is

answer

the guarantee of user anonymity.

question

Predictive analytics is used for all of the following except

answer

determining the best routes for product delivery

question

What-if analysis works forward from known or assumed conditions.

answer

true

question

The classical model of management does not address what exactly managers do when they plan, decide things, and control the work of others.

answer

true

question

In automation

answer

employees are enabled to perform their tasks more efficiently.

question

The process of creating workable information systems in a very short period of time is called

answer

RAD

question

The oldest method for building information systems is

answer

the systems development lifecycle

question

________ development focuses on rapid delivery of working software by breaking a large project into a series of small sub-projects that are completed in short periods of time using iteration and continuous feedback.

answer

Agile

question

End-user-developed systems can be completed more rapidly than those developed through the conventional systems lifecycle.

answer

true

question

Which type of fourth-generation language tools are end users most likely to work with?

answer

PC software tools and query languages

question

Which type of fourth-generation language tool contains preprogrammed modules that can be used to create entire applications?

answer

application generators

question

The most common form of IT-enabled organizational change is automation.

answer

true

question

A systems building approach in which the system is developed as successive versions, each version reflecting requirements more accurately, is described to be

answer

iterative

question

Categories of tools for BPM include all of the following except

answer

tools to test the security of business processes.

question

In object-oriented development

answer

processing logic resides within objects.

question

Failure to address properly the organizational changes surrounding the introduction of a new system can cause the demise of an otherwise good system.

answer

true

question

TQM describes the measurement of quality as 3.4 defects per million.

answer

false

question

Acceptance testing

answer

provides the final certification that the system is ready to be used in a production setting.

question

In the traditional systems development lifecycle, end users

answer

are limited to providing information requirements and reviewing the technical staff's work.

question

The primary tool for representing a system's component processes and the flow of data between them is the

answer

data flow diagram

question

Object-oriented development is more incremental than traditional structured development.

answer

true

question

Business processes are analyzed, simplified, and redesigned in

answer

business process redesign

question

A problem with prototyping is that the systems constructed using this method may not be able to handle large quantities of data in a production environment.

answer

true

question

System testing

answer

tests the functioning of the system as a whole in order to determine if discrete modules will function together as planned.

question

A primary benefit of offshore outsourcing is that this can substantially reduce hidden costs.

answer

false

question

Rationalization of procedures describes a radical rethinking of the business models.

answer

false

question

What is the primary driving factor in firms to select domestic outsourcing firms to build system solutions?

answer

to take advantage of technical skills the firm does not have

question

The idea that the achievement of quality control is an end in itself describes a main concept of

answer

TQM

question

An upscale organic foods grocery chain is implementing an information system that will enable it to add same-day home delivery of groceries to its customers. This is an example of

answer

paradigm shift

question

To understand and define the contents of data flows and data store, system builders use

answer

a data dictionary

question

Object-oriented development could potentially reduce the time and cost of writing software because

answer

objects are reusable.

question

________ provide(s) a methodology and tools for dealing with the organization's ongoing need to revise and optimize its numerous business processes.

answer

Business process management

question

Responsive Web design enables Web sites to change layouts according to the user's screen size.

answer

true

question

Which process develops a detailed description of the functions that a new information system must perform?

answer

requirements analysis

question

Documentation reveals how well the system has met its original objectives.

answer

false

question

An entire information system is broken down into its subsystems by using

answer

high-level data flow diagrams

question

Object-oriented development could potentially reduce the time and cost of writing software becauses is an example of

answer

objects are reusable

question

To show each level of a system's design, its relationship to other levels, and its place in the overall design structure, structured methodologies use

answer

structure charts

question

Changes in hardware, software, documentation, or production to a production system to correct errors, meet new requirements, or improve processing efficiencies are termed

answer

maintenance

question

Objects are grouped into hierarchies, and hierarchies into classes.

answer

false

question

Prototyping is more iterative than the conventional lifecycle.

answer

true

question

Which conversion process introduces the system first to a limited portion of the organization?

answer

the pilot study strategy

question

A structure chart is a bottom-up chart, showing each level of design, its relationship to other levels, and its place in the overall design structure.

answer

false

question

Which of the following is not a top priority in mobile application development?

answer

designing for keyboard data entry

question

Fourth-generation tools cannot replace conventional development tools because they

answer

cannot handle large numbers of transactions or extensive procedural logic

question

When systems are created rapidly, without a formal development methodology

answer

testing and documentation may be inadequate

question

You are an IT project manager for an advertising firm. The firm wishes to create an online tool that will be used to survey focus group reactions to products in development. The most important consideration for the firm is being able to offer the tool as soon as possible as a new corporate service. However, you know that many of the senior managers that are business owners of this project have difficulty in understanding technical or software development issues, and are likely to change their requirements during the course of development. What development method would be most successful for this project?

answer

prototyping

question

Object-oriented modeling is based on the concepts of

answer

class and inheritance

question

Which type of systems development is characterized by significantly speeding up the design phase and the generation of information requirements and involving users at an intense level?

answer

JAD

question

In what stage of systems development are design specifications created?

answer

systems design

question

The system is not in production until conversion is complete.

answer

true

question

In order, what are the first three steps in BPM?

answer

1. identifying processes for change, 2. analyzing existing processes, 3. designing the new process.

question

CASE tools facilitate the creation of clear documentation and the coordination of team development efforts.

answer

true

question

Unit testing

answer

tests each program separately

question

As a technical project manager, you have decided to propose implementing a prototyping methodology for a small Web-based design project. What is the order of steps you will follow in this project?

answer

Identify user requirements, develop the prototype, use the prototype, revise and enhance the prototype.

question

The oldest method for building information systems is prototyping.

answer

false

question

In an object-oriented development framework for a university, how would the classes Degree, Mathematics, and Physics be related?

answer

Degree is a superclass to Mathematics and Physics

question

A bank has reworked its mortgage application process so that several steps are handled by computer software, and some steps are combined to reduce bottlenecks in processing. The goal is to gradually improve its efficiency over time. This is an example of

answer

rationalization of procedures

question

Systems development activities always take place in sequential order.

answer

false

question

The entire system-building effort is driven by

answer

user information requirements

question

The three main platforms for mobile apps are iPhone/iPad, iOS, and Android.

answer

false

question

A data flow diagram offers a logical and graphical model of information flow, partitioning a system into modules that show manageable levels of detail.

answer

true

question

Which of the following is not an example of fourth generation development tools?

answer

graphics software, such as Photoshop

question

The four kinds of structural organizational change enabled by IT, in order from least to most risky, are

answer

automation, rationalization, reengineering, and paradigm shift.

question

What is the purpose of responsive Web design?

answer

It allows one Web site to serve different platforms, such as tablets, PCs, and mobile phones.

question

In which type of systems building are the development stages organized so that tasks in one stage are completed before the tasks in the next stage begin?

answer

traditional

question

Real options pricing models use the concept of options valuation borrowed from the financial industry.

answer

true

question

Which of the following types of projects is most likely to fail?

answer

a business process redesign project that restructures workflow and responsibilities

question

To review a project's tasks and their interrelationships, you would use a

answer

PERT chart

question

Which of the following is not one of the activities of the systems analyst?

answer

formulation of capital budgeting models

question

An example of using an internal integration tool would be to

answer

hold frequent project team meetings

question

The worth of systems from a financial perspective essentially revolves around the issue of

answer

return on invested capital

question

The larger the systems project, the more risk the project runs in terms of being completed on time, within budget, and according to project requirements.

answer

true

question

Which of the following projects is the riskiest?

answer

a project that managers are concerned will affect their roles and job descriptions

question

On average, private sector IT projects underestimated budget and delivery time of systems by ________ percent.

answer

50

question

You are using a capital budgeting method to assess the worth of your company's new information system. Which of the following costs would you include in measuring the cash outflow?

answer

both hardware and software expenditures and labor expenditures

question

Formal planning and control tools

answer

enable a project manager to properly document and monitor project plans.

question

Which of the following statements best describes the effect that project structure has on overall project risk?

answer

Projects with relatively undefined goals are more likely to be subjected to users changing requirements and to run a higher risk of not satisfying project goals.

question

Internal integration tools

answer

enable a project to have sufficient technical support for project management and development.

question

Which of the following is not a responsibility of effective change management?

answer

integrating legacy systems

question

Which of the following is not a tangible benefit of information systems?

answer

improved resource control

question

One example of an implementation problem is

answer

inadequate user training

question

The design of jobs, health issues, and the end-user interface of information systems are all considerations in the field of ergonomics.

answer

true

question

In working with ROPMs and options valuation, a call option is a(n)

answer

right to purchase or sell an asset at a later date at a fixed price

question

As discussed in the chapter, which of the following is not one of the immediate consequences of inadequate software project management?

answer

organizational conflict

question

An example of using an external integration tool would be to

answer

include user representatives as active members of the project team

question

You have been hired by a pharmaceutical company to evaluate its inventory of systems and IT projects. Which types of projects would be best avoided?

answer

all high-risk, low-benefit projects

question

The goal of sociotechnical design is to create systems with better user interfaces and contribute to fewer health issues.

answer

false

question

Which type of planning tool shows each task as a horizontal bar whose length is proportional to the time required to complete it?

answer

Gantt chart

question

The relationship between users and information systems specialists has traditionally been a problem area for information systems implementation efforts.

answer

true

question

The principal capital budgeting models for evaluating information technology projects are the payback method, the accounting rate of return on investment (ROI), the net present value, and the

answer

internal rate of return

question

According to your reading of the chapter, change management is a process that

answer

should be addressed before a project is developed

question

ROPMs value information systems similar to stock options, in that

answer

initial expenditures on IT projects are seen as creating the right to pursue and obtain benefits from the system at a later date.

question

Users prefer systems that

answer

are oriented to facilitating organizational tasks and solving business problems.

question

Which type of tool helps project managers identify bottlenecks in project development?

answer

formal planning and control tools

question

A benefit of using TCO analysis to evaluate an information technology investment is that it is able to incorporate intangible and "soft" factors such as benefits and complexity costs.

answer

false

question

The central method used in a portfolio analysis is to

answer

inventory all of the organization's information systems projects and assets

question

You have been hired to implement an enterprise system that will automate much of the billing and accounting work for a statewide HVAC services company. Which of the following would you prepare to describe how the new system will affect a firm's structure and operations?

answer

organizational impact analysis

question

Which of the following is not an organizational factor in systems planning and implementation?

answer

user interface

question

To best evaluate, from a financial standpoint, an IT investment whose benefits cannot be firmly established in advance, you would use

answer

the real option pricing model

question

Which of the following is a limitation of using a financial approach to evaluate information systems?

answer

inability to assess costs from organizational disruption

question

A road map indicating the direction of systems development, the rationale, the current systems, new developments to consider, the management strategy, the implementation plan, and the budget is called a(n)

answer

information systems plan.

question

Which of the following tools would you use to control risk factors in an information systems project?

answer

all of these

question

The information systems steering committee is composed of information systems managers and end-user managers responsible for overseeing several specific information systems projects.

answer

false

question

Transaction and clerical systems that displace labor and save space typically produce more measurable, tangible benefits than management information systems.

answer

true

question

Which of the following statistics from studies on failed projects is not true?

answer

The average cost overrun of IT projects is 60 percent

question

All of the following are intangible benefits of information systems except

answer

reduced workforce

question

Mandatory use of a system is one effective way of overcoming user resistance to an information system.

answer

false

question

External integration tools

answer

consist of ways to link the work of the implementation team with users at all organization levels.

question

The project risk will rise if the project team and the IS staff lack

answer

the required technical expertise.

question

At the top of the management structure for information systems projects in a large company is

answer

the corporate strategic planning group

question

An information system project's scope is directly related to its business requirements.

answer

true

question

Which method would you use to develop risk profiles for a firm's information system projects and assets?

answer

portfolio analysis

question

The ________ is directly responsible for the individual systems project.

answer

project team

question

The ________ consists of systems analysts, specialists from the relevant end-user business areas, application programmers, and perhaps database specialists.

answer

project team

question

Counter implementation refers to a deliberate strategy to thwart the implementation of an information system or an innovation in an organization.

answer

true

question

In using a portfolio analysis to determine which IT projects to pursue, you would

answer

balance high-risk, high reward projects with lower-risk projects

question

Which method is used to assign weights to various features of a system?

answer

scoring model

question

In sociotechnical design

answer

separate sets of technical and social design solutions are developed and compared.

question

Which of the following is not one of the five main variables affecting project success?

answer

goals

question

The central method used in a scoring model is to

answer

perform a weighted comparison of the criteria used to evaluate a system.

question

The criteria used for evaluation in a scoring model are usually determined by

answer

lengthy discussions among the decision-making group

question

Scoring models are used most commonly to support decisions rather than as the final arbiters of system selection.

answer

true

question

Intangible benefits cannot be immediately quantified but may lead to quantifiable gains in the long run

answer

true

question

The organizational activities working toward the adoption, management, and routinization of a new information system are called

answer

implementation

question

Which of the following is not one of the primary types of system configuration discussed in the chapter?

answer

coordinated

question

The major dimensions of international systems architecture include each of the following except

answer

transborder data flows.

question

Which systems are worth sharing on a transnational basis, from a cost and feasibility point of view?

answer

only systems that support functions that are absolutely critical to the organization

question

In a duplicated systems building strategy, each foreign unit designs its own solutions and systems.

answer

false

question

To avoid the cost and uncertainty of moving information across national boundaries, most multinational firms have developed information systems within each European country.

answer

true

question

Global business drivers can be divided into two groups: general cultural factors and specific business factors.

answer

true

question

Most companies pursuing a global strategy begin as

answer

domestic exporters

question

In a multinational business strategy, the ________ business function is decentralized, dispersed to foreign units.

answer

production

question

The way to identify core business processes is to conduct a

answer

business process analysis

question

A powerful strategic advantage for a globalized firm is lowered cost factors in production.

answer

true

question

Franchise companies have typically had ________ systems.

answer

duplicated

question

Which of the following is not one of the principle problems of international networks?

answer

network standards

question

The first step in establishing a corporate strategy and structure for globalization is to determine the appropriate technology platform.

answer

false

question

As a firm moves from local option systems to regional and global systems

answer

agency costs increase

question

To avoid the cost and uncertainty of moving information across national boundaries, most multinational firms

answer

develop separate systems within each country

question

In a transnational business strategy, all of the regional units participate and coordinate over all activities, from production to sales.

answer

true

question

Developing international networks has few problems today because of the global acceptance of Internet standards.

answer

false

question

One major telecommunications challenge in an international setting is making data flow seamlessly across networks shaped by disparate national standards.

answer

true

question

Which of the following is not one of the main benefits to implementing global systems?

answer

reduced hardware costs

question

In duplicated systems

answer

development occurs at the home base and operations are handed over to autonomous units in foreign locations.

question

From your reading of the chapter case, which of the following best describes the challenge Primark was facing as a global company?

answer

diverse information systems throughout foreign units

question

The chapter outlines three steps in developing an effective global system solution. Which of the following is not one of these steps?

answer

Identify outdated legacy systems to be replaced

question

Global systems allow fixed costs to be amortized over a much smaller customer base.

answer

false

question

Which of the following is not a specific challenge to global business system?

answer

language differences

question

Micromarketing describes the direct marketing of products to individuals rather than groups.

answer

false

question

In terms of global business strategy and structure, a multinational company will use a policy of

answer

dispersed production and marketing, with centralized accounting and strategic management.

question

Most large companies with overseas operations have inherited

answer

batch-oriented reporting from independent foreign divisions to corporate headquarters.

question

Making judgments and taking action on the basis of narrow or personal characteristics is referred to as

answer

particularism

question

VPNs

answer

all of these

question

Which of the following is not one of the three kinds of organizational governance used by global companies?

answer

localized

question

German companies

answer

do not recognize the profit until the project is completely finished and they have been paid.

question

As a firm moves from local option systems to regional and global systems

answer

agency costs increase

question

In international companies, English has become a kind of standard business language.

answer

true

question

In terms of global business strategy, the governance of ________ firms has been likened to a federal structure strong central management core of decision making, but considerable dispersal of power and financial resources.

answer

transnational

question

Multinational companies tend to have ________ systems.

answer

decentralized

question

The network systems structure is the most visible in ________ services.

answer

financial

question

Which types of systems are widely used by manufacturing and distribution firms to connect to suppliers on a global basis?

answer

EDI systems

question

European countries have very strict laws concerning transborder data flows and privacy.

answer

true

question

Particularism is a concept based on accepting a shared global culture and the penetration of domestic markets by foreign goods and services.

answer

false

question

Private networks may not provide the same level of quick and predictable response as VPNs.

answer

false

question

Accounting practices can vary significantly from country to country.

answer

true

question

Of the following, which is not one of the three central principles recommended in this chapter for a firm organizing itself for international business?

answer

Disperse production and marketing to regional centers and establish a single center for world headquarters and strategic management.

question

A global firm can develop transnational centers of excellence as an effective technique to

answer

effectively identify global business processes.

question

A company that controls finances in the home country and decentralizes production, sales, and marketing operations to other countries is using a ________ strategy.

answer

multinational

question

The collapse of the Eastern block has speeded the growth of a world culture.

answer

true

question

Transnational companies have tended to use a ________ systems configuration.

answer

networked

question

In terms of global business strategy and structure, a domestic exporter will use a policy of

answer

some dispersed sales, with centralized production, accounting, human resources, and strategic management.

question

All of the following present challenges to developing a global business except

answer

production costs

question

General cultural factors driving global business are

answer

global communication and transportation technologies, a global knowledge base, and global social norms.

question

There are two primary global organization types: management centralized in the home country or distributed to foreign centers.

answer

false

question

When developing a global system, bringing the opposition of local groups into the process of designing and implementing the solution without giving up control over the direction and nature of the change is called

answer

cooptation

question

In centralized systems

answer

systems development and operations occur totally at the domestic home base

question

With the growth of the Internet and reliable phone networks, skilled consultants are readily available to companies operating in global markets.

answer

false

question

Which of the following is not one of the principle management challenges in developing global systems?

answer

defining an acceptable test plan

question

Which of the following is not one of the main organizational issues facing firms who are seeking to globalize?

answer

defining the global environment

question

In relation to global systems building, the Internet

answer

has reduced some networking problems

question

Domestic exporters typically have highly ________ systems.

answer

centralized

question

A critical necessity for ensuring the integration of local systems into a global system is

answer

adherence to data and technical standards

question

The growth of powerful communications technologies and the emergence of world cultures create the condition for global markets.

answer

true

question

Effective networked systems must have a

answer

powerful telecommunications backbone, culture of shared applications development, and shared management culture that crosses cultural barriers.

question

In decentralized systems

answer

each foreign unit designs its own unique solutions and systems

question

In a multinational strategy, financial management is centralized while production and sales are decentralized.

answer

true

question

in networked systems

answer

systems development and operations occur in an integrated and coordinated fashion across all units.

question

Global coordination of all of the major business functions permits the location of business activity according to

answer

comparative advantage

question

In order to define centers of excellence in a global firm, you would first need to identify

answer

core business processes

question

Expert systems

answer

work in very limited domains

question

which of the following systems is not used to capture tacit knowledge

answer

neural network

question

technology that consists of computer-based systems that attempt to emulate human behavior is called

answer

AI technology

question

Expert systems are expensive and time consuming to maintain because

answer

their rules must be reprogrammed every time there is a change in the environment, which in turn may change the applicable rules

question

The management methodology of using a firm's strategy to generate operational targets for the business and measuring progress towards them using the firm's enterprise systems is called

answer

BPM

question

ESS

answer

have the ability to drill down into lower levels of detail

question

the concern that the structure of data is consistent within an information source reflects which quality dimension of information?

answer

integrity

question

the concern that data values of an information source fall within a defined range reflects which quality dimension of information?

answer

validity

question

Which type of information system uses data visualization technology to analyze and display data for planning and decision making in the form of digitized maps?

answer

GIS

question

As discussed in the chapter text, the three main reasons that investments in information technology do not always produce positive results are

answer

information quality, organizational culture, and management filters

question

Which of the following is a disadvantage of high-velocity, automated decision-making systems?

answer

inability to control themselves and respond to new environments

question

The leading methodology for understanding the really important information needed by a firm's executives is called the ________ method.

answer

balanced scorecard

question

DSS primarily address structured problems

answer

false

question

In the direct cutover conversion strategy, the new system

answer

replaces the old one at an appointed time

question

in a parallel conversion strategy, the new system

answer

and the old are run together

question

Transferring data from a legacy system to the new system would be defined by which category of system design specifications?

answer

conversion

question

CASE tools automate

answer

all of these

question

what is the greatest barrier to successful business process change?

answer

organizational change

question

Compared to the use of proprietary components, Web services promise to be less expensive and less difficult to implement because of

answer

the use of universal standards

question

systems design

answer

shows how the new system will fulfill the information requirements

question

In component-based development, applications are developed one small portion at a time, with each portion able to function independently

answer

false

question

Groups of objects are assembled into software components for common functions, which can be combined into large-scale business applications, in which type of software development?

answer

component-based development

question

The most widely used project management software today is

answer

Microsoft project

question

If an intended benefit of an IT project is improved decision making, managers should develop a set of metrics to quantify the value of an improved decision.

answer

true

question

The systems analyst is the catalyst for the entire change process and is responsible for making sure that everyone involved accepts the changes created by a new system.

answer

true

question

A Gantt chart graphically depicts project tasks and their interrelationships

answer

false

question

The ________ reviews and approves plans for systems in all divisions

answer

IS streering committee

question

An information systems plan contains a statement of corporate goals and specifies how information technology will support the attainment of those goals.

answer

true

question

User concerns and designer concerns are usually the same at the beginning of the project but may diverge later as the system is built.

answer

false

question

The cost of a project is based on the time taken to complete the project

answer

true

question

All of the following are indications of a failed information systems project except

answer

employees require training to properly use the system

question

Based on your reading of the chapter, why should companies avoid creating an all-encompassing, new global system when moving towards global operations?

answer

opposition is strengthened because of requirements for huge resources

question

in cooptation

answer

opponents to a planned global system are brought into the process of designing and implementing the solution

question

Which of the following project management variables indicates how well the project satisfies management objectives?

answer

quality

question

A force in the environment to which businesses must respond and that influences the direction of the business is called a business

answer

driver

question

In developing countries, use of the Internet is limited by all of the following except

answer

use of mobile telephones

question

In terms of global business strategy and structure, a franchise company will use a policy of

answer

dispersed production, marketing, and human resources, with centralized strategic management and finance/accounting.

question

Software localization is the process of

answer

converting software to operate in a second language and with local conventions

question

Backward sensitivity analysis software is used for goal seeking.

answer

true

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