Midterm Review Latin 2 Review – Flashcards
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Which voice is used for a verb that expresses the action of the subject?
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Active voice
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Which voice is used for a verb that expresses an action imposed upon the subject?
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Passive voice
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With a passive voice verb, the one doing the action to the subject is known as the _________
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Agent
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The present tense system includes which three tenses?
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Present, Imperfect, Future
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The perfect tense system includes which three tenses?
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Perfect, Pluperfect, Future Perfect
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To form a passive verb in the present system, you use the __________ stem and add a different set of _________ __________
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Present Personal Endings
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To form a passive verb in the perfect system, you combine the _________ ___________ _________ (which is the _____ principal part) with form of ________
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Perfect Active Participle 4th Sum
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A participle is a verb form which is part _______ and part __________
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Verb Adjective
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Passive verbs in the perfect system must agree in ________, ________, and ________ with its antecedent, or subject
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Number, Gender, Person
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All verbs whose present stem ends in -eo belong to what conjugation?
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2nd
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The 2nd conjugation is different from 1st conjugation because it has _____ as the stem vowel instead of ____ in 1st conjugation
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-e -a
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The present stem of a 2nd conjugation verb is found by __________ the _____ from the _________ __________ __________, just as in the 1st conjugation
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removing -re 2nd Principle Part
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The perfect stem of a 2nd conjugation verb is found by removing the _____ from the _____ principle part, which also the same as the 1st conjugation
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-re 2nd
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What are the three words for 'and' that we have learned?
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et -que atque
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How is the present stem of a 3rd or 4th conjugation verb found?
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removing -o from the 1st Principle Part
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How is the perfect stem of a verb (in all conjugations) found?
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removing -1 from 3rd principle part
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what is the tense sign for the imperfect tense for 3rd conjugation?
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-eba
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What is the imperative singular ending for 3rd conjugation verbs?
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-e
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What is the imperative plural ending for 3rd conjugation verbs?
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-ite
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What is the imperative singular ending for 4th conjugation verbs?
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-i
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What is the imperative plural ending for 4th conjugation verbs?
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-ite
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What is the imperative singular ending for 2nd conjugation verbs?
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-e
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What is the imperative plural ending for 2nd conjugation verbs?
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-ete
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What is the imperative singular ending for 1st conjugation verbs?
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-a
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What is the imperative plural ending for 1st conjugation verbs?
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-ate
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How does a 3rd conjugation verb differ from 1st and 2nd conjugations in the present tense?
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the endings are -o, -is, -it, -imus, -itis, -unt
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How does a 3rd conjugation verb differ from 1st and 2nd conjugations in the future tense?
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the endings are -am, -es, -et, -emus, -etis, -ent
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Which language, English or Latin, is more accurate in its use of tenses?
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Latin
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What two cases always have the same endings in the neuter gender?
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Nominative and Accusative
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When an adjective of the 1st and 2nd declension modifies a noun of the 3rd declension, what is usually true about the endings?
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they will be different
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Why is it necessary to memorize the gender of each 3rd declension noun?
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because there is no clear way to distinguish the gender
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How do you identify a 3rd declension noun?
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the -is in the genitive form
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What genders belong to 3rd declension nouns?
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Feminine, Masculine, and Neuter
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How do you find the stem of a 3rd declension noun?
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Remove the -is from the genitive singular form
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How can you distinguish between a 3rd conjugation -io verb and a 4th conjugation verb?
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The 2rd Principle Part for a 3rd -io verb end in -ere The 2nd Principle Part for a 4th conjugation verb ends in -ire
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What is partitive genitive?
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Indicates a part of a whole to which the part belongs
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What forms of Vos and Nos are used in the partitive genitive?
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Vostrum Nostrum
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what is objective genitive?
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It is used as the object of a noun or adjective that is implying motion or action
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what is genitive of possession?
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It shows the possession of a noun to something
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What forms of Vos and Nos are used in the objective genitive?
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Vestri Nostri
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How many noun cases are there in Latin and what are they?
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7 Nominative, Genitive, Dative, Accusative, Ablative, Vocative, Locative
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How many verb 'moods' have we learned in Latin and what are they?
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2 Indicative and Imperative
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How do you find the base of an adjective?
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that the nominative singular ending off of the feminine form?
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How you turn an adjective into an adverb?
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add -e onto the stem
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What is a substantive?
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an adjective that takes the place of a noun
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In Latin, each adjective must agree with the noun it modifies in what three ways?
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Case, Number, Gender
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How many Latin noun declensions are there?
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5
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How many verb conjugations are there?
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4
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Coordinating conjunctions join ____, ______, or ______ of equal grammatical form
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Nouns, adjectives, verbs
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What is an idiom?
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A word or couples of words that mean something but don't translate to be the exact same thing. The word's structure is not matched the same way in another language
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What time constructions are written without a preposition? (there are 3)
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Abl. time when Abl. Time within which Acc. duration of time
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In what case do -i stem nouns which are masculine or feminine show the -i in the stem?
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Genitive Pural
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In what case do -i stem nouns which are neuter show the -i in the stem?
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Ablative Singular Genitive Plural Nominative Plural Accusative Plural
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Third declension adjectives are declined the same as ______________________ with the exception that the _______ singular form of all genders ends in ___.
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3rd declension -i stem nouns Ablative -i
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Adjectives of three terminations have ___ forms representing each ______
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3 gender
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Adjectives of two terminations have __ forms the first form for the ___ and ___ genders, and the second representing the ___ gender
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2 Masculine Feminine Neuter
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Adjectives of one termination have ___ form representing _____ gender(s)
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1 all
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When using the passive voice, often the person performing the action or ______, is addressed in the ____________ case and uses the preposition __ or ___, which is always translated using the English word, ___. This construction is called ______________________
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agent ablative a ab by Ablative of Personal Agent
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What are the present active endings for 3rd and 4th conjugation verbs?
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-o -is -is -imus -itis -unt
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What are the future active endings for 3rd and 4th conjugation verbs?
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-am -es -et -emus -etis -ent
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What are the imperfect active endings for 3rd and 4th conjugation verbs?
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-ebam -ebas -ebat -ebamus -ebatis -ebant
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What are the present passive endings for 1st and 2nd conjugation verbs?
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-or -ris -tur -mur -mini -ntur
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What are the present passive endings for 3rd and 4th conjugation verbs?
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-or -iris -itur -imur -imini -untur
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What are the imperfect passive endings for 1st and 2nd conjugation verbs?
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-bar -baris -batur -bamur -bamini -bantur
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What are the imperfect passive endings for 3rd and 4th conjugation verbs?
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-ebar -ebaris -ebatur -ebamur -ebamini -ebantur
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What are the future passive endings for 1st and 2nd conjugation verbs?
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-bor -beris -bitur -bimur -bimini -buntur
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What are the future passive endings for 3rd and 4th conjugation verbs?
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-ar -eris -etur -emur -emini -entur
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What are the perfect passive endings for ALL verbs?
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-us/a/um sum -us/a/um es -us/a/um et -i/ae/a sumus -i/ae/a estis -i/ae/a sunt
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What are the pluperfect passive endings for ALL verbs?
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-us/a/um eram -us/a/um eras -us/a/um erat -i/ae/a eramus -i/ae/a eratis -i/ae/a erant
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What are the future perfect passive endings for ALL verbs?
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-us/a/um ero -us/a/um eris -us/a/um erit -i/ae/a erimus -i/ae/a eritis -i/ae/a erunt
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What are the endings for 3rd declension masculine and feminine nouns?
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— -es -is -um -i -ibus -em -es -e -ibus
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What are the endings for 3rd declension neuter nouns?
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— -a -is -um -i -ibus — -a -e -ibus
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What are numerals referred to in a Latin sentence?
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an adjective
