Microbiology Gram- Mac+ Ox- Bacilli – Flashcards
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| Three common characteristics of enterbacteriaceae |
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| glucose fermentation, reduces nitrate to nitrite and oxidase negative |
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| Methyl Red test |
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| detects the production of mixed acids as a result of subsequent metabolism of pyruvate |
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| Voges-Proskauer test |
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| detects production of acetonin as a result of subsequent metabolism of KOH and naphthol reagents |
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| acid slant and acid butt on TSI agar |
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| able to ferment which lactose and sucrose |
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| enterotoxigenic E.coli |
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| travelers disease |
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| K. pneumoniae |
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| often associated with lobar pneumoniae in elderly hospitalized patients |
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| Acquired by eating improperly cooked or preserved contaminated food, what produces dysentery in affected individuals |
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| Shigella |
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| The identifying characteristics of Acinetobacter |
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| gram negative bacilli, NLF, non glucose fermenters, oxidase negative |
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| Carriers of salmonella harbor the organism |
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| in their small intestine |
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| A clear red colony with a black center on XLD agar |
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| is salmonella |
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| The test that can differentiate P. mirabilis from P. vulgaris is |
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| indole test, P. vulgaris is positive and P. mirabilis is negative |
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| The optimal temperature for growth of Yersinia is |
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| 25 |
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| K. oxytoca can be differentiated from K. pneumonia |
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| by an indole test, K. oxytoca is indole positive |
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| Because Acinetobacter tend to resist decolorization they can be mistaken for |
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| Neisseria |
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| Fermentation |
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| anaerobic metabolism |
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| oxidative metabolism |
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| respiration with O2 as final electron acceptor |
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| saccharolytic |
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| utilizes glucose |
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| asaccharolytic |
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| does not utilize glucose |
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| The 4 virulence factors of enterbacteriaceae |
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| Endotoxin, Specific toxins, Capsules and Adherence factors |
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| 6 sites of enterbacteriaceae infections? |
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| blood, CNS, GI tract, Lower respiratory, UTI, wounds |
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| GI tract infections can cause 5 things... |
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| diarrhea, dysentery, hemorragic colitis, hemolytic uremic syndrome, and typhoid fever |
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| Lower respiratory infections can cause |
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| plaque |
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| Serotype O is associated with |
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| cell wall |
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| serotype H is associated with |
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| flagella |
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| serotype K is associated with |
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| capsules |
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| 3 forms of treatment |
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| Aminoglycodies, Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and 3rd generation cephalosporins |
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| resistant to ampicillin and carbenicillin |
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| Klebsiella and Citrobacter |
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| resistant to ampicillin and cephalothin |
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| Enterobacter and Hafnia |
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| resistant to colistin |
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| Proteus, Morganella and Serratia |
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| resistant to multiple drugs |
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| Providencia and Serratia |
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| MacConkey agar |
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| detects lactose fermentors |
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| Hektoen, XLD, SS agar |
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| detects Salmonella and Shigella |
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| Gram-negative, selenite broth |
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| enrichment for salmonella and Shigella |
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| CIN |
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| selective for yersinia |
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| MacConkey Sorbitol |
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| differential for E.coli O157 |
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| TSI Slant |
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| Lactose, sucrose or glucose fermentation, H2S production and gas production |
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| Indole test |
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| detects production of indole as a result of subsequent metabolism of tryptophan Red/pink = + |
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| Citrate Test |
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| detects production of citrate as a result of subsequent metabolism of carbon and ammoninium as nitrogen source Blue = + |
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| Decarboxylases test |
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| detects hydrolysis of amino acids via pH change |
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| ONPG test |
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| detects presence of beta galactosidase yellow = + |
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| Phenylalanine deaminase |
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| detects production of phenylpyruvic acid as a result of subsequent deamination of phenylalanine green = + |
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| Urease test |
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| detects production of ammonia and CO2 as a result of hydolysis of ura pink = + |
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| Nitrate test |
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| detects production of nitrite red = +... add zinc then colorless = + |
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| Three commerical ID kits |
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| API 20E, Vitek, and Microscan |
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| Dieases that E.coli can cause |
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| UTI and bacteremia |
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| ETEC |
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| EnteroToxigenic E. Coli- travelers and childhood diarrhea, profuse watery stools |
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| EIEC |
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| EnteroInvasive E. Coli- dysentery, necrosis, ulcers and inflammation |
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| EPEC |
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| EnteroPathogenic E. Coli- chronic diarrhea |
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| EHEC |
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| EnteroHemorrhagic E. Coli- inflammation and bleeding of large bowel, hemolytic uremic syndrome |
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| EAEC |
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| EnteroAggregative E. Coli- prolonged watery diarrhea |
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| Lactose Fermenters... |
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| E.coli, Klebsiella |
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| Nonlactose fermenters |
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| Salmonella, Shigella, Proteus and Morganella |
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| defining characteristics of E.coli |
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| ONPG positive, indole positive, associated with petting zoos |
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| defining characteristics of Shigella |
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| causes dysentary, non motile, methyl red positive |
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| Defining characteristics of Salmonella |
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| associated with poultry, three categories of disease (one being tyhpoid fever), black centers on XLD, urease negative |
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| defining characteristics of Klebsiella |
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| causes the plaque, indole negative (except for k. oxytoca), non motile |
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| defining characteristics of proteus |
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| swarming on plates, urease positive |
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| defining characteristics of morganella |
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| urease positive |
