Microbiology Gram- Mac + Ox+ Bacilli – Flashcards
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| What kind of infections are nonfermenters associated with? |
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| Gastroenteritis |
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| Who is at risk for infections due to nonfermenters? |
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| Immunocomprimised patients |
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| When is isolating B. cepacia from a respiratory specimen important? |
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| When you patient has CF, because it can be life threatening |
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| What is the predominate pulmonary pathogen in CF patients? |
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| P. aeruginosa |
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| B. cepacia |
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| Non motile and oxidase positive |
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| Does susceptibility testing have to be done on P. aeruginosa? |
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| Yes |
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| Mesophilic |
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| grows best between 25-40°C |
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| Meliodosis |
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| disease endemic to SE Asia |
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| Pyoverdin |
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| water soluble fluorescent pigment |
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| cystic fibrosis |
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| genetic syndrome characterized by chronic infection |
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| pyocyanin |
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| blue green pigment |
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| B. bronchiseptica |
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| normal respiratory flora, to differentiate it from others it is indole and urease positive and motile |
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| What medium is best used for Vibrio |
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| TCBS |
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| What test will diffentiate Plesiomonas from Shigella? |
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| Oxidase |
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| Does V. cholorae require salt for growth? |
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| No |
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| Wound infections in saltwater fishermen |
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| V. parahaemolyticus |
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| Halophilic |
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| salt loving |
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| Pandemic |
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| worldwide epidemic |
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| Cholera |
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| toxin mediated diarrheal disease |
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| Dysentery |
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| diarrhea producing blood and WBCs |
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| Cary-Blair |
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| transport medium |
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| TCBS agar |
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| selective agar for vibrio |
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| CIN agar |
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| selective agar for yersinia |
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| Common characteristics of Vibrio |
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| Gram negative bacilli, Grows on MacConkey, Glucose Fermenters, Oxidase Positive and Indole Positive |
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| Vibrio growth on Mac |
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| NLF |
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| Yellow on TCBS |
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| Sucrose positive, V. cholerae and V. alginolyticus |
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| Green on TCBS |
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| Sucrose negative, v. parahemolyticus and v. vulnificus |
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| Biochemical Tests |
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| indole postive, oxidase positive, NaCl positive |
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| Diseases of Vibrio cholerae |
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| Cholera and Gastroenteritis, septicemia, and would infections |
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| Toxin associated with Vibrio Cholerae |
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| subunit B to bind to receptor on cell membrane and subunit A to accumulate cAMP |
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| Environment of Vibrio parahemolyticus and Vibrio alginolyticus |
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| Lives in brackish or salt water |
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| Vibrio parahemolyticus and Vibrio alginolyticus associated with |
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| contaminated seafood |
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| Diseases of Vibrio parahemolyticus and Vibrio alginolyticus |
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| Gastroenteritis (V. parahemolyticus), Wound infections, septicemia, ear infections |
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| diseaes due to Vibrio vulnificus |
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| septicema |
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| Common characteristics of Aeromonas |
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| positive for gelatin, negative for everything else, Oxidase, indole positive |
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| diseases associated with Aeromonas |
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| Gastroenteritis, Wound infections, Septicemia |
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| disease of Aeromonas due to |
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| water associated, contaminated food |
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| Gram stain of Aeromonas |
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| straight rods |
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| Aeromonas on blood |
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| large round colonies, beta hemolysis |
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| Aeromonas on MAC |
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| can be LF or NLF |
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| Common Characteristics of Plesiomonas shigelloides |
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| negative for gelatin, seen in freshwater |
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| disease of Plesiomonas shigelloides |
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| gastroenteritis |
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| Gram stain of Plesiomonas shigelloides |
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| gram negative short rods, chains and filamentous forms |
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| Plesiomonas shigelloides on blood |
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| shiny, smooth, opaque, nonhemolytic |
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| Plesiomonas shigelloides on MAC |
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| can be LF or NLF |
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| Common Characteristics of Pseudomonas |
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| Gram negative rods, straight, skinny, Growth on Mac- NLF, glucose nonfermenter, Oxidase positive |
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| Pseudomonas Habitat |
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| water, respiratory tract, not normal flora |
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| transmission of Pseudomonas |
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| exposure, nosocomial |
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| Virulence factors of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa |
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| exotoxin A |
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| diseases of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa |
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| otitis media, folliculitis, osteomyelitis, septicemia, endocarditis, nosocomial infections, common in CF patients, respiratory tract infections |
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| Pseudomonas Aeruginosa on blood |
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| flat spreading colonies with serrated edges and metallic sheen, often beta hemolytic and produces a water soluble green pigment, with a grape-like odor, mucoid colonies |
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| Identification of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa |
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| Grows at 42° C, Positive for arginine, citrate and acetamide |
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| treatment for Pseudomonas Aeruginosa |
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| antipseudomonal beta lactams, Aminoglycosides, quinolones |
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| Disease of Burkholderia cepacia |
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| causes life-threatening disease in CF patients, UTI, RTI, sterile body site infections |
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| Cultivation of Burkholderia cepacia |
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| PC agar and OFPBL agar |
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| Identification of Burkholderia cepacia |
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| Lysine positive |
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| treatment of Burkholderia cepacia |
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| no definitive treatment |
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| Common Characteristics of Alcaligenes and Bordetella |
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| Gram negative rod, MacConkey +, Oxidase +, Glucose non-utilizers |
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| Habitat of Alcaligenes |
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| environment, soil, water, nosocomial |
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| diseases of Alcaligenes |
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| opportunistic, UTI, Bacteremia, pneumonia, wound infections |
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| gram stain of Alcaligenes |
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| medium to long straight rods |
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| Colony morphology of Alcaligenes |
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| on blood nonpigmented, on Mac NLF |
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| identification of Alcaligenes |
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| obligate aerobe, nitrate positive, indole, Esculin, gelatin negative |
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| Habitat of Bordetella |
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| normal respiratory flora |
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| diseases of Bordetella |
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| opportunistic pneumonia, Bacteremia, UTI |
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| gram stain of Bordetella |
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| variable coccobacillus to medium rods |
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| colony morphology of Bordetella |
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| on blood small, on Mac NLF |
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| identification of Bordetella |
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| obligate aerobe, indole, Urease positive, motile |
