question

the enzyme-substrate complex

answer

Which of the following is temporarily formed during an enzymatic reaction A. a coenzyme
B. the enzyme-substrate complex
C. a proton gradient
D. activation energy

question

the production of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate by fixation of CO2 molecules

answer

What is the purpose of the Calvin-Benson cycle A. the formation of phosphorylated pentose sugars from glucose-6-phosphate
B. the catabolism of glucose to pyruvic acid using enzymes different from those of glycolysis
C. transfer of an amine group from one amino acid to another
D. the production of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate by fixation of CO2 molecules

question

glycolysis

answer

In eukaryotic cells, all of the following processes occur in the mitochondrion EXCEPT:
A. the Krebs cycle
B. electron transport
C. glycolysis
D. beta-oxidation

question

30

answer

NADH generated during cellular respiration results in the production of how many ATP A. 30
B. 4
C. 38
D. 34

question

an oxidoreductase

answer

Which of the following enzymes might be expected to catalyze the removal or addition of electrons of other molecules A. an oxidoreductase
B. a transferase
C. a ligase
D. an isomerase

question

All photosynthetic organisms use the same type of chlorophyll

answer

All of the following are true statements concerning chlorophyll EXCEPT:
A. A magnesium ion is an integral part of a chlorophyll molecule.
B. Chlorophyll molecules function by absorbing light of various wavelengths.
C. All photosynthetic organisms use the same type of chlorophyll.
D. The active site of a chlorophyll molecule is structurally similar to a cytochrome molecule

question

fats

answer

All of the following could be considered precursor metabolites EXCEPT ____________________.
A. glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate.
B. acetyl-CoA.
C. fats.
D. ribose-5-phosphate.

question

pyruvic acid

answer

All of the following are byproducts of fermentation EXCEPT ____________________.
A. pyruvic acid.
B. ethanol.
C. acetic acid.
D. lactic acid.

question

coenzyme

answer

Many vitamins are important for metabolism because they act as ____________________.
A. apoenzymes.
B. holoenzymes.
C. ribozymes.
D. coenzymes

question

Both B and C are correct

answer

Changes in pH have an adverse effect on the shape of an enzyme because pH affects which levels of protein structure A. Primary structure
B. Secondary structure
C. Tertiary structure
D. Both B and C are correct.
E. A, B, and C are correct.

question

The absorption of light energy and its conversion to ATP and NADPH

answer

Which of the following best describes the function of a photosystem A. The absorption of light energy and its conversion to ATP and NADPH
B. The generation of glucose from carbon dioxide and water
C. The generation of NADH and FADH2 from the oxidation of acetyl-CoA
D. The generation of a proton gradient in order to produce ATP

question

The regeneration of NAD+ for glycolysis

answer

What is the major function of fermentation A. The production of ADP
B. The regeneration of NAD+ for glycolysis
C. The generation of a proton gradient
D. The reduction of glucose

question

TCA

answer

All of the following are electron carrier molecules that are important for cellular redox reactions EXCEPT:
A. FAD
B. NAD+
C. TCA
D. NADP+

question

competitive inhibition

answer

Sulfanilamide is a drug which interferes with bacterial enzymes in which of the following ways A. competitive inhibition
B. noncompetitive inhibition
C. feedback inhibition
D. end-product inhibition

question

fatty acids

answer

Beta-oxidation is a method of catabolizing which of the following molecules A. proteins
B. fatty acids
C. glucose
D. glycerol

question

polymerization

answer

The cellular process of linking chemical building blocks together into macromolecules is called ____________________.
A. Oxidation
B. Catabolism
C. Metabolism
D. Polymerization

question

production of NADPH

answer

All of the following are associated with the process of glycolysis EXCEPT ____________________.
A. production of NADPH.
B. phosphorylation of glucose.
C. substrate-level phosphorylation.
D. production of pyruvic acid

question

oxidation reactions

answer

Dehydrogenation reactions are an example of which of the following A. activation reactions
B. oxidation reactions
C. reduction reactions
D. endergonic reactions

question

is the amount of energy it takes to trigger a chemical reaction

answer

Activation energy ____________________.
A. is the same for all chemical reactions.
B. can be achieved by lowering the temperature of a reaction.
C. is the amount of energy it takes to trigger a chemical reaction.
D. is higher in the presence of an enzyme

question

electron transport

answer

All of the following processes are ways in which a cell can use a proton gradient EXCEPT ____________________.
A. active transport.
B. flagellar motion.
C. electron transport.
D. ATP production

question

True

answer

Enzymes work most effectively at their optimal temperature and pH.

question

True

answer

Enzymatic pathways that are regulated through feedback inhibition have at least one allosteric enzyme.

question

False

answer

Both fermentation and aerobic respiration require oxygen.

question

True

answer

Glycolysis produces ATP through substrate phosphorylation.

question

False

answer

Bacterial heterotrophs always use sugar molecules for sources of energy and carbon.

question

True

answer

The synthesis of sugars by using carbon atoms from CO2 gas is called carbon fixation.

question

True

answer

NADPH produced in noncyclic photosynthesis is used to provide electrons for the fixation of CO2 in the Calvin Benson Cycle.

question

True

answer

Biochemical tests for the identification of bacteria involve testing fermentation products or amino acid catabolism.

question

False

answer

Lipids, proteins and sugars all may serve as substrates of glycolysis.

question

True

answer

Metabolic pathways that function in both anabolism and catabolism are called amphibolic pathways.

question

Coenzyme

answer

In the figure shown, what is the small organic molecule needed to activate the apoenzyme called?

[image]

question

higher; quicker

answer

[image]

In the graph shown, the ________ the temperature, the _______ the enzymatic activity until the optimal temperature is reached.

question

It is always a reversible process.

answer

[image]

Which of the following is NOT correct regarding the process of denaturation, seen in this figure?

question

Test tube (d)

answer

Which of the test tubes in the photo is producing both acid and gas?

[image]

question

Oxygen

answer

[image]

According to the figure, during aerobic respiration, what is the final electron acceptor?

question

acetyl

answer

All of the following are enzymes except which one
urease

threonine deaminase

peroxidase

acetyl

question

They are used up in the reactions they catalyze

answer

All of the following are true of enzymes except:
Answer

Each enzyme has a characteristic three-dimensional shape.

They have active sites that interact with substrate molecules.

They serve as catalysts.

They are used up in the reactions they catalyze.

They lower the activation energy of a reaction.

question

increase local temperatures to increase rates of reactions

answer

Enzymes are important in living organisms because they:
Answer

bring together reactants or properly orient a molecule for a reaction.

bind irreversibly to substrates and remove them from the cellular pool.

interact with and destroy unwanted cellular substrates.

increase local temperatures to increase rates of reactions.

catalyze the covalent bonding of NAD+ molecules to substrates.

question

conversion of pyruvic acid to lactic acid

answer

All of the following are required for the generation of ATP by chemiosmosis except:
Answer

conversion of pyruvic acid to lactic acid.

formation of a H+ ion.

use of proton flow by ATP synthase.

active transport of protons across a phospholipid membrane,

passage of electrons through electron carrier chains.

question

competition with the substrate for binding at the active site

answer

Competitive inhibition of enzyme action involves:

1) competition for binding at the enzyme allosteric site.

2) alteration of the enzyme's active site.

3) destruction of the enzyme substrate.

4) competition with the substrate for binding at the active site.

4) irreversible binding to the enzyme active site.

question

Glycolysis, the Krebs Cycle, and the electron transport chain

answer

The complete oxidation of glucose typically involves which three stagesAnswer

Substrate phosphorylation, pentose phosphate shunt, and the Calvin Cycle.

Photosynthesis, fermentation, and oxidation.

Catabolism, anabolism, and metabolism.

Chemiosmosis, photophosphorylation, and reduction.

Glycolysis, the Krebs Cycle, and the electron transport chain.

question

NAD+

answer

During glycolysis, electrons & hydrogens from the oxidation of glucose are transferred to:
Answer

FADH2.

Lactic acid.

NADH.

FAD.

NAD+

question

substrate level phosphorylation

answer

ATP produced during the Krebs Cycle is formed via a process called:
Answer

photophosphorylation.

oxidative phosphorylation.

chemiosmosis.

ATP anabolism.

substrate level phosphorylation.

question

Electrons are transferred to O2

answer

All of the following steps are involved in the aerobic electron transport chain. Which step happens lastAnswer

Protons move to the outside of the membrane.

NAD+ is formed.

NADH gives up hydrogen.

Electrons are transferred to O2.

Electrons flow between membrane bound electron carriers.

question

occurs at the plasma membrane and not the mitochondria

answer

Unlike eukaryotes, in prokaryotes chemiosmosis:
Answer

electrons are eventually passed to organic molecules instead of inorganic acceptors.

does not require a membrane.

moves iron instead of protons across the membrane.

occurs at the plasma membrane and not the mitochondria.

does not require ATP synthase.

question

NO3-

answer

In anaerobic respiration, which of the following could serve as the final electron acceptorAnswer

O2

NAD+

NO3-

cAMP

question

Pyruvic acid

answer

Which of the following is not a possible end product of fermentationAnswer

Lactic acid.

Carbon dioxide.

Ethanol.

Pyruvic acid.

question

Photoautotroph : CO2

answer

Which organism is not correctly matched to its energy sourceAnswer

Photoautotroph : CO2

Photoheterotroph : light

Chemoheterotroph : glucose

Chemoautotroph : iron

Anoxygenic autotroph : light

question

chemoautotrophs

answer

Organisms that use carbon dioxide as a carbon source and energy sources such as ammonia or hydrogen sulfide are called:
Answer

photoheterotrophs.

photoautotrophs.

chemoheterotrophs.

chemoautotrophs.

saprophytes.

question

Krebs cycle

answer

Which of the following four stages of glucose oxidation requires molecular oxygen?

question

oxidative phosphorylation

answer

Which of the following four stages of glucose oxidation produces the most ATP?

question

It is an alternative way to return electron carriers to their oxidized state.

answer

Which of the following statements about fermentation is true?

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