question

Which of the following orients team members toward their priorities and help them understand how their work fits in the bigger picture?

answer

Task objectives

question

Which of the following should a manager typically do during the forming stage of team development?

answer

Provide resources

question

Which of the following statements about boundary managers is true?

answer

Boundary managers persuade top management to support the team's work.

question

The optimal size of a team should be:

answer

determined by the task.

question

Blocking behaviors:

answer

inhibit the team and its members from achieving their objectives.

question

Jim is a marketing manager in an organization. Nick and Alex are the executives from the marketing department who report to Jim on the progress of an ongoing project. This scenario is best exemplifies a ________ team.

answer

vertical

question

Teams that determine their own objectives and the methods by which to achieve them are known as ________ teams.

answer

self-directed

question

________ teams are composed of employees from about the same hierarchical level but from several different departments in the organization.

answer

Horizontal

question

Task ________ refers to the amount of information that must be processed to understand the task, the degree of uncertainty about possible outcomes, the presence of many subtasks that require a range of skills and knowledge, or the absence of standardized procedures to conduct the task.

answer

Complexity

question

Tim, George, and Mark are team members of the HR department working on the same project from three different locations. They rely only on telephone calls and e-mails to interact with each other and to report to James who is the project manager. This scenario best exemplifies a ________ team.

answer

geographically distributed

question

________ occurs when team members disengage from the team process and fail to contribute to the team's recommendations or other deliverables.

answer

Social loafing

question

Which of the following statements is true of Douglas McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y?

answer

Managers who conform to Theory X believe that employees are principally motivated by extrinsic rewards.

question

According to the expectancy theory, the variable that includes the evaluation of whether available outcomes are attractive to an employee is called ________ .

answer

valence

question

Negative reinforcement refers to:

answer

the act of removing an aversive condition in response to a desired behavior

question

Which of the following is an example of an extrinsic reward?

answer

Recognition

question

The ________ theory holds that people will compare their circumstances with those of similar others and that this behavior motivates them to seek fairness in the way they are rewarded for performance.

answer

Equity

question

Kevin, a top manager in an organization, often socializes and maintains warm relationships with his employees. He tends to be more concerned about his team members rather than their performance. He tries to avoid confrontations and negative feedbacks in an attempt to be liked by everyone. Based on David McClelland's acquired needs theory, it can be inferred that Kevin is an example of a(n) ________ .

answer

affiliation-oriented manager

question

Which of the following statements is true of intrinsic rewards?

answer

The value of intrinsic rewards is based on individuals' conception of their worth.

question

Which of the following theories is a variant on Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory?

answer

The theory suggesting that individuals are motivated by three primary needs: existence, relatedness, and growth

question

Which of the following statements best describes David McClelland's acquired needs theory?

answer

Individuals are driven or motivated by three needs: the need for affiliation, the need for power, and the need for achievement.

question

To fulfill employees' drive to acquire, managers should:

answer

provide competitive salary and benefits.

question

________ defines the ease with which individuals show emotions and are emotionally accessible to other people when they communicate.

answer

Openness

question

Identify the core component of communication.

answer

Message

question

John and Mike work as human resource executives in an organization. While listening to presentations, John consciously tries to focus on what the speaker is saying and tends to listen to important information without performing other tasks. Mike refrains from making any responses when someone else is talking. Based on this description, it can be inferred that

answer

John is an attentive listener.

question

In supportive communication, reflecting involves:

answer

reiterating the main points.

question

Studies of communication styles and approaches of men and women reveal that:

answer

women tend to pay less attention to power dynamics in their communication.

question

The formats used to convey messages, including oral, written, and electronic are known as communication ________ .

answer

Media

question

Which of the following should individuals do to bridge cultural differences in communication?

answer

Use given names unless granted permission to do otherwise

question

Which of the following statements about verbal and nonverbal communication is true?

answer

Verbal communication includes listening, reading, and writing.

question

Which of the following is a personal aspect that influences communication?

answer

Tone

question

Of the three elements of communication, logos refers to:

answer

the facts that need to be conveyed.

question

Individuals who arouse strong followership through inspirational visions and/or compelling personal attributes are called ________ leaders.

answer

charismatic

question

The factor that distinguishes task-oriented leaders from relations-oriented leaders is that:

answer

relations-oriented leaders value workers as humans, focusing more on supporting and developing them.

question

Cognitive skills of leadership refer to:

answer

a leader's ability to understand the internal and external environments.

question

Which of the following refers to the aspects of a situation that make leadership unnecessary?

answer

Leadership substitutes

question

Which of the following best describes the traits-based theory of leadership?

answer

A theory of leadership that tries to reveal a set of universal skills that are relevant in all leadership situations

question

________ skills refer to a leader's knowledge about an organization and job-related activities.

answer

Technical

question

Transformational leaders tend to focus more on:

answer

inspiring and motivating followers.

question

________ theory states that the most important aspect in leadership is the follower's expectation that a task can be accomplished and that it will lead to rewards.

answer

House's path goal

question

During the mature partnership phase of the relationship life cycle, the:

answer

leaders and their followers know they can depend on each other and subordinates perform additional assignments.

question

________ leadership refers to the process by which a leader provides something to subordinates in return for something the subordinates want.

answer

Transactional

question

According to Robert McCrae and Paul Costa's leadership personality traits, extroversion:

answer

is the tendency to be sociable, assertive, and active and to experience things positively.

question

________ is the act of reading and using cues from the environment to assess one's behavior.

answer

Self-monitoring

question

Of the four dimensions used to effectively address adversity, ownership refers to:

answer

the level of accountability that a person assumes to improve the situation.

question

Of the three indices of creativity, originality is defined as:

answer

the ability to generate novel or unique propositions, ideas, or solutions.

question

Which of the following are the two main components of self-management in emotional intelligence?

answer

Regulation and motivation

question

Individuals with external locus of control:

answer

ascribe success to luck or circumstance.

question

Which of the following indices of creativity involves the ability to generate many solutions that fit some requirement?

answer

Fluency

question

An understanding of one's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors is called ________ .

answer

self-awareness

question

According to Howard Gardner's multiple intelligences:

answer

there are eight kinds of intelligence that can be indicators of career success

question

High self-monitors:

answer

are more adaptive to change than low self-monitors.

question

Which of the following best describes legitimate power?

answer

A type of interpersonal power that is based on the formal position an individual holds in an organization

question

Of the three primary styles of influence, pulling involves:

answer

bridging

question

________ is a phenomenon that exists when two firms are equally dependent on the other.

answer

Joint dependence

question

The three primary responses to managerial decisions are:

answer

resistance, commitment, and compliance.

question

A type of interpersonal power based on the personal liking an individual has for another is called ________ power.

answer

referent

question

Which of the following is the last step in exercising power through influence?

answer

Assessing performance

question

Which of the following styles of influence is helpful when the requestors want to reduce or diffuse conflict?

answer

Disengaging

question

Employees' passive resistance to power refers to:

answer

pretending to agree but doing nothing

question

________ refers to the means or vehicle by which power is exercised.

answer

Influence

question

________ power is gained from the types of networks to which an individual belongs and the types of people in those networks.

answer

Relational

question

Satisficing refers to:

answer

the act of choosing a solution that is good enough.

question

Which of the following statements best describes framing?

answer

Alternative presentations of the same information that can significantly alter a decision

question

Which of the following heuristics contends that individuals make estimates or choices based on a certain starting point?

answer

Adjustment

question

________ refers to the process of making decisions based on societal norms or expectations.

answer

Appropriateness framework

question

Under ________ , individuals have information related to an organization's objectives and priorities, but they do not have complete information about alternative courses of action or about the possible outcomes for each one.

answer

conditions of uncertainty

question

Decisions that are made in response to novel, poorly defined situations that require managers to use their best judgments are referred to as ________ decisions.

answer

nonprogrammed

question

Which of the following is the last step in the rational decision-making process?

answer

Choosing the optimal decision

question

The ________ model of decision making acknowledges that most organizational decisions involve many managers who have different goals and who have to share information to reach an agreement.

answer

political

question

Which of the following statements describes bounded rationality?

answer

A set of constraints that tend to complicate the rational decision-making process

question

While preparing for tough calls using SCRIPTS process, managers should first:

answer

search for signals of threats.

question

Explained leadership by examining the traits and characteristics of individuals considered to be historically great leaders

answer

"Great Man" theory

question

Tries to reveal a set of universal traits and skills that are relevant in all leadership situations

answer

theory

question

•Self-confidence

answer

Common leadership traits

question

A leader's ability to understand the internal and external environments, make decisions with sound reasoning, and communicate effectively

answer

Cognitive skills

question

A leader's knowledge about an organization and job-related activities

answer

Technical skills

question

A leader's ability to interact with others

answer

Interpersonal skills

question

The core values and fundamental beliefs that drive behavior in variable situations

answer

Character

question

Behaviors that prioritize the accomplishment of a task in an efficient and reliable way

answer

Task-oriented behavior

question

Behaviors that prioritize interpersonal relationships, the value of workers as humans, and a strong commitment to the unit and its mission

answer

Relations-oriented behavior

question

Individuals who arouse strong followership through inspirational visions and/or compelling personal attributes

answer

Charismatic leaders

question

•Exhibit extreme self-confidence about their values

answer

Patterns in charismatic leaders

question

The set of behaviors that leaders use to transform, or change, their organization and individuals for the better

answer

leadership

question

•Charisma and vision

answer

Components of transformational leadership

question

The process of a leader providing something the subordinates want

answer

Transactional leadership

question

The exchange process between leaders and followers in which leaders offer rewards to subordinates in exchange for their services

answer

Contingent reward

question

A method of leadership done passively or actively that describes when leaders should intervene to increase a subordinate's effort to meet standards

answer

Management-by-exception

question

A method of leadership in which leaders treat each member differently, and as a result, develop unique relationships with each member

answer

theory

question

Leaders are more effective depending on the favorability of a leadership situation, which is described by leader-member relations, task structure, and positional power of the leader

answer

Fiedler contingency model

question

Leaders have the flexibility and range of skills to adapt their leadership behavior. This type of leadership is based on the interplay of:

answer

Hersey and Blanchard's Situational leadership theory

question

The most important aspect in leadership is the follower's expectation that a task can be accomplished and that it will lead to rewards

answer

House's Path-goal theory of leadership

question

Aspects of a situation that make leadership unnecessary

answer

Leadership Substitutes

question

Aspects of a situation that hinder a leader's ability to act a particular way

answer

Leadership Neutralizers

question

A person's ability to profit from experience, acquire knowledge, think abstractly, and adapt to changes in the environment

answer

Intelligence

question

A measure of the overall quality of an individual's mental abilities

answer

Intelligence quotient (IQ)

question

The ability to understand and respond appropriately to different cultural contexts and situations

answer

Cultural intelligence

question

The capacity for recognizing our own feelings and those

answer

Emotional intelligence

question

Word smart

answer

Linguistic intelligence

question

Picture smart

answer

Spatial intelligence

question

Body smart

answer

Kinesthetic intelligence

question

Music smart

answer

Musical intelligence

question

People smart

answer

Interpersonal intelligence

question

Self smart

answer

Intrapersonal intelligence

question

Nature smart

answer

Naturalist intelligence

question

Individuals possess three components of intelligence:

answer

Triarchic Theory of Intelligence

question

A system of enduring inner characteristics, tendencies, and temperaments that are both inherited and shaped by social, cultural, and environmental factors

answer

Personality

question

The extent to which an individual believes that he or she can control or influence the outcome of events

answer

Locus of control

question

The ability of individuals to read cues from their environment to assess their behavior. People can vary from being high self-monitors to being low self-monitors

answer

Self-Monitoring

question

Power that is based on the formal position an individual holds in an organization

answer

Legitimate power

question

Power that gives someone the ability to reward another for his or her behavior

answer

Reward power

question

Power that gives someone the ability to punish another for his or her behavior

answer

Coercive power

question

Power based on an individual having specialized knowledge or skills

answer

Expert power

question

Power based on the personal liking an individual has for another

answer

Referent power

question

Power that comes from an individual's formal place within an organization's structure

answer

Positional power

question

Power that is obtained from having personal attributes that others desire

answer

Personal power

question

Power gained from the networks to which an individual belongs, the people in those networks, and the strength of the relationships within the networks

answer

Relational power

question

Steps in exercising power through influence:

answer

Using Influence

question

The process of identifying issues and making choices from alternative courses of action

answer

Decision Making

question

The theory that individuals make decisions based on a rational thought process that optimizes self-interest

answer

Theory of rational choice

question

When confronted with a choice, people try to make the best possible decision; one that maximizes their expected utility

answer

Expected utility

question

Rules of thumb or short-cuts that individuals use to save time when making complex decisions

answer

Cognitive heuristics

question

A bias in which people tend to seek information that confirms a decision before seeking information that disconfirms a decision, even if the disconfirming information is more powerful and important

answer

Confirmation bias

question

The tendency to favor the "here and now" and to reject potential change

answer

Status quo bias

question

Alternative wordings for same information that significantly alters a decision

answer

Framing

question

A type of bias in which decision makers commit themselves to a particular course of action beyond the level suggested by rationality as a means of justifying previous commitments

answer

Escalation of commitment

question

Solomon Asch's experiment indicated that:

answer

-Dominance of conformity can cause people to make decisions that go against their values

question

Social decisions involving norms are shaped by:

answer

The process of making decisions based on societal norms or expectations

question

Decisions that are made in response to recurring organizational problems that require individuals to follow established rules and procedures

answer

Programmed decisions

question

Decisions that are made in response to novel, poorly defined, or unstructured situations that require managers to use their best judgments

answer

Nonprogrammed decisions

question

Seeks to maximize economic or other outcomes using a rational choice process

answer

Classical model

question

Acknowledges that managers may be unable to make economically rational decisions because they lack sufficient information on which to base their decisions

answer

Administrative model

question

Acknowledges that most organizational decisions involve many managers who have different goals and who have to share information to reach an agreement

answer

Political model

question

A model of decision making whereby, problems, solutions, participants, and choices flow throughout an organization. A decision process is not viewed as a sequence of steps that begins with a problem and ends with a solution

answer

Garbage can model

question

Occurs between two or more individuals who are members of the same group

answer

Interpersonal conflict

question

•The need to influence the work of others

answer

Causes of Interpersonal conflict

question

Conflict that occurs between two or more groups

answer

Intergroup conflict

question

•Group loyalty that exaggerates group differences

answer

Causes of intergroup conflict

question

Conflict in which individuals attack each other's personalities through criticism, threats, and insults

answer

Affective conflict

question

Conflict that results from disagreements over work-related issues such as meeting schedules, work assignments, processes, or the task itself

answer

Cognitive conflict

question

- The nature of the difference among the people involved

answer

Diagnosing the Disagreement

question

- Define issues, positions and perspectives

answer

Resolving the Disagreement

question

Single-issue negotiations that are assumed to be part of a "fixed pie" where one person's gain is the other person's loss

answer

Distributive Negotiations

question

Negotiations that focus on multiple issues to "expand the pie" and actively seek alternative solutions through tradeoffs that satisfy both parties' interests

answer

Integrative Negotiations

question

The course of action that a person will take if a negotiation ends in an impasse

answer

Best alternative to a negotiated agreement (BATNA)

question

•Identify all possible alternatives to pursue if you are unable to reach an agreement with the other party

answer

Assessing the BATNA

question

The lowest offer a negotiator is willing to accept. It is the point at which a negotiator is indifferent between accepting a proposed offer and rejecting it in favor of pursuing his or her BATNA

answer

Reservation value

question

The set of all possible deals that would be acceptable to both parties. The ZOPA is the space between one party's reservation value and the other party's reservation value

answer

agreement, or ZOPA

question

The lowest value that a negotiator will be willing to accept for a package offer

answer

Package reservation value

question

The process by which a negotiator attempts to gain benefits or concessions for his or her position

answer

Claim Value

question

•Set high but realistic aspirations

answer

Guidelines for claiming value by making the first offer in negotiations

question

The process of expanding the opportunities or issues that can be evaluated in a negotiation so that there is a greater likelihood that each party will achieve some level of satisfaction

answer

Create value

question

An individual who does not make a final decision, but works with each party to find some common ground on which both parties can agree

answer

Mediator

question

An individual who listens to both sides of a disagreement and makes a final decision based on the arguments

answer

Arbitrator

question

•Individualist cultures place individuals' needs above the needs of the group

answer

Individualism versus Collectivism

question

•Negotiators from hierarchical cultures with differentiated social status are less willing to engage in confrontational negotiations

answer

Egalitarianism versus Hierarchy

question

•Low-context cultures prefer to communicate directly

answer

Low-versus High-Context Norms for Communication

question

In an organization, the finance department had a conflict with the human resources department when the HR team failed to submit some important papers to the finance team on time for documentation. This scenario is an example of a(n) ________ conflict.

answer

intergroup

question

Maria and Kim are working together on an important project. Maria works hard to complete the project before deadline and pays more attention to the task. However, Kim wastes a lot of time and often comes up with lame excuses. Therefore, Maria has a conflict with Kim. This scenario is an example of a(n) ________ conflict.

answer

cognitive

question

Which of the following statements about negotiating across cultures is true?

answer

In low-context cultures, information is explicit and meaning is clear.

question

Which of the following is most likely to occur when individuals who are in conflict perceive a common enemy?

answer

De-escalation

question

Extreme consensus during a decision-making process is known as ________ .

answer

groupthink

question

A process by which two parties attempt to reach agreement on an issue by offering and reviewing various positions or courses of action is known as ________ .

answer

negotiation

question

Which of the following statements about affective conflicts is true?

answer

Affective conflict is also known as personal conflict.

question

Social identity theory proposes that:

answer

group members of an in-group will seek to find negative aspects of an out-group to enhance their self-image.

question

Which of the following responses to conflict is most appropriate when the issue is trivial?

answer

Avoidance

question

As a response to conflict, compromising involves:

answer

reaching an agreement quickly because prolonged conflicts can distract people from their work and cause bitter feelings

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