Methods – Flashcard
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psychiatrist
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Specialist with medical degree
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Social psych
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dr. Mills conducts research on why individuals conform to the behavior and opinions of others
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case study
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involves going very deeply into the background of an individual.
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overconfidence
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jamie was sure she answered most of he exam questions correctly because "the questions required only common sense. " However, she scored less than 60% on the exam
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professor Patel is conducting observational research on children in kindergarten. Her data will make it possible for her to:
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describe the children
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functionalism was a school of psychology that focused attention on the
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adaptive value of thoughts and behaviors
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dependent Variable
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measured to see if change in behavior occured
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in terms of variation in the data, averages that are derived from scores with ___ variability are more reliable that averages based on scores with ___ variability
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low; high
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natural Selection
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the survival of organisms best suited to a particular environment
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correlation
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relationship between two variables
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cognitive perspective in psychology focuses on
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how people encode, process, store, and retrieve info
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independent variable
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variable that the experimenter manipulates
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observational studies
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descriptive data
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students learn and remember course materials best when they
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process info actively
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one of the last century's most influential observers of children was the swiss biologist
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jean piaget
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clinical psychologists specialize in
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providing therapy to troubled people
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william james was a prominent american
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functionalist
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multiple levels of analysis
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biopsychosocial approach that provides an understanding of social-cultural influences integrated within the larger framework
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random assignment in a study
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randomly assign subjects to your experimental and control groups
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unconscious conflicts
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distinctive feature of the psychodynamic perspective
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natural selection refers to the principle that variations in ___ that contribute to reproduction and survival will most likely be passed on to succeeding generations
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inherited traits
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in an experiment, a researcher can make claims about causation if
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changing the independent variable resulted in changes in the dependent variable
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the birth of psychology is often attributed to wilhelm wundt because he pioneered the investigation of mental processes using
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scientific methods
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evolutionary
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reproductive advantages of inherited psychological traits
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every twenty-fifth person who ordered a subscription to a weekly news magazine was contacted by market researchers to complete an opinion survey
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random sampling
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wilhelm wundt's lab work involved experimental studies of
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mental processes
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carl and abraham promoted a historical significant approach
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humanistic psychology
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the clearest way to isolate cause and effect is to do an
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experiment
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which perspective would help us to understand the impact of strokes and brain diseases on memory
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neuroscience
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a person who engages in ___ does not blindly accept arguments and conclusions. instead, they analyzes assumptions, looks into hidden values, and tries to determine if conclusions are warranted.
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critical thinking
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which major force in psychology emphasized unconscious thought processes
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freudian psychology
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charles darwin attempted to explain the ___ that he encountered
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species variation
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in an experiment it is important to give ___ to the independent and dependent variable
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valid name
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humanistic psychologists focused attention on the importance of people's ___
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unconscious thought processes
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which perspective would suggest that the facial expressions associated with the emotions of lust and rage are inherited?
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behavioral
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to say that the difference between sample averages is statistically significant means that the difference is
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probably NOT due to chance variation
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if a researcher wants to know the relationship between two variables that can't be manipulated in a lab does___
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field research
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researchers conduct ___ when they want to establish causation
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experiments
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wilhelm wundt and william james focused on the study of
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mental processes
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there have been "crazy-sounding" ideas, the approach for exploring these ideas is to
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subject them to scrutiny
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psychological researchers value random selection of subjects because
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it increases likelihood that the subjects will participate in the study
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today's psychology is best described as increasingly
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controversial in its application
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psychologists persistently asks questions because they approach the world of behavior with a
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curious skepticism
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nurture works on what nature endows, psychologists highlight the fact that we we are biologically endowed with the capacity for
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learning and adaptation
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behaviorists dismissed the value of
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science
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if a research study has an independent variable it must be
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an observational study
