Megan’s M.O. – Flashcards
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| Treponema pallidum |
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| Spirochete: -causes syphilis |
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| Borrelia burgdorferi |
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| Spirochete: -causes Lyme disease |
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| Campulobacter jejuni |
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| Aerobic/Microaerobic: -causes food borne diarrhea |
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| Helicobacter pylori |
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| Aerobic/Microaerobic: -causes stomach ulcers |
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| Vibrio cholerae |
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| Aerobic/Microaerobic: -causes Cholera |
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| Legionella pneumophilia |
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| Gram Negative Aerobe: -causes pneumonia-like symptoms |
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| Bordetella pertussis |
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| Gram Negative Aerobe: -causes whooping cough |
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| Neisseria meningitidis |
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| Gram Negative Aerobe: -causes bacterial meningitis |
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| Neisseria gonorrhoae |
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| Gram Negative Aerobe: -causes gonorrhea |
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| Pseudonas aeruginosa |
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| Gram Negative Aerobe: -highly resistant to soap -causes infections of open burn wounds |
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| Escherichia coli/E. coli |
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| Facultatively Anaerobic Gram Negative Rod: -causes UTI, pneumonia, septicemia |
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| Salmonella spp. |
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| Facultatively Anaerobic Gram Negative Rod: -causes food illnesses, Typhoid fever |
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| Shigella spp. |
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| Facultatively Anaerobic Gram Negative Rod: -causes dysentery (watery diarrhea) |
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| Entrobacter aerogenes |
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| Facultatively Anaerobic Gram Negative Rod: -causes UTI's with CATHETERS -causes resp. infections with BREATHING TUBES. **opportunistic |
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| Fusobacterium |
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| Anaerobic Gram Negative Rods: -found in the oral cavity (gum line, tooth surface) |
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| Bacteroides |
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| Anaerobic Gram Negative Rods: -found in the lower GI tract -opportunistic normal flora |
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| Veillonella |
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| Anaerobic Gram Negative Cocci: -cause dental caries and gingivitis |
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| R. rickettsii |
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| Rickettsias: -causes Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever |
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| R. prowazekii & R. typhi |
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| Rickettsias: -causes typhus (tick borne) |
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| Chlamydia trachomatics |
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| Chlamydias: -cause an eye infection slightly like pink eye |
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| Chlamydiophila pneumonia |
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| Chlamydias: -causes pneumonia and is associated with Artherosclerosis |
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| Chlamydiophila psttaci ^parrot genus |
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| Chlamydias: -cause respiratory infections -originally in the parrot genus |
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| Mycoplasma pneumoniae |
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| Mycoplasma: -causes a. typical pneumonia |
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| Mycoplasma genitalium |
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| Mycoplasma: -causes urethritis |
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| Mycoplasma hominis |
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| Mycoplasma: -causes pyelonephritis and pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) |
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| Staphylococcus Aureus |
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| Gram Positive Cocci: -normal flora that can cause skin infections, pneumonia, meningitis, endocarditis, and toxic shock syndrome |
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| MRSA |
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| Gram Positive Cocci: -Staph. treated with Vancomyosin |
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| Streptococcus pyogenes |
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| Gram Positive Cocci: -causes strep throat, scarlet fever, impetigo, and in extreme cases rheumatic fever |
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| Streptococcus pneumoniae |
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| Gram Positive Cocci: -causes pneumonia -causes meningitis primarily in the old/young -has a vaccination directed against |
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| Streptococcus epidermidis |
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| Gram Positive Cocci: -causes UTI, heart infections, and pneumonia ALL OPPORTUNISTICALLY |
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| Sporosarcinna spp. |
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| Endospore Forming Gram Postive Rods & Cocci:-have no known pathogens |
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| Bacillus anthracis |
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| Endospore Forming Gram Postive Rods & Cocci: -causes anthrax |
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| Bacillus cereus |
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| Endospore Forming Gram Postive Rods & Cocci: -causes food poisoning in cereals, rice, beans, Chinese or Cajun foods |
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| Clostridium tetani |
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| Endospore Forming Gram Postive Rods & Cocci: -causes tetans (lock jaw) -by deep puncture wound in a dirty setting ex. rusty nail |
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| Clostridium botulinom |
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| Endospore Forming Gram Postive Rods & Cocci: -causes food poisioning, botulinum toxin -botox is a modulated form |
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| Clostridium difficle |
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| Endospore Forming Gram Postive Rods & Cocci: -normal flora -causes antibiotic related diarrhea |
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| Listeria monocytogenes |
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| Gram Positive Rods: -causes listeriosis from raw hot dogs, and deli meats |
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| Corynebacterium diphtheriae |
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| Unusual Gram Positive Rods: -causes diptheria |
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| Propionibacterium acnes |
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| Unusual Gram Positive Rods: -causes acne |
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| Nocardioforms |
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| -aerobic, gram positive, fillamentous, opportunists. |
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| Streptomycetes |
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| -gram positive natural source for antibiotics that cause no disease. |
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| Methanogens |
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| -are mainly Archaeans -produce methane -found in swamps, marshes, cow intestines -may cause root canal infections |
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| Adeno viruses |
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| DNA Virus:-usually cause respiratory viruses -may also cause gastroenteritis, conjunctivitis, cystitis, and rashes |
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| Hepadna viruses: |
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| DNA Virus: -causes hepatitis in animals and humans -specif. hep B -have envelopes |
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| Herpes virus Simplex 1 & 2 |
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| DNA Virus: -cause cold sores and genitalia stuff |
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| Herepes virus Varicella-Zoster |
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| DNA Virus: -cause chicken pox & shingles |
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| Herpes virus Epstein Barr virus |
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| DNA Virus: -can cause mono -can be chronic |
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| Herpes virus Cytomegalovirus (CMV) |
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| DNA Virus: -resp. problems dangerous in children that cause BIG cells |
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| Herpes virus human herpes 6,7 & 8 |
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| DNA Virus: -other herpes viruses |
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| Papillomavirus |
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| DNA Virus: -causes warts, HPV |
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| Polyomavirus: |
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| DNA Virus: -causes uncontrolled cell generation |
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| Parvovirus |
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| DNA Virus: -smallest DNA virus -causes contagious erythema, infectiosum, or "Fifth Disease" -skin rash typically on face |
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| Poxvirus |
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| DNA Virus: -largest virus |
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| Variola |
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| DNA Virus: -causes small pox (33% fatal) |
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| Molluscum contagiosum |
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| DNA Virus: -causes benign tumors |
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| Vaccinia |
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| DNA Virus: -causes cow pox |
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| Bunyavirus |
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| RNA Virus: -causes zoonosis |
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| Hantavirus |
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| RNA Virus: -carried by rodents -causes hemorrhagic pulmonary syndrome |
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| Coronaviruses |
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| RNA Virus: -respiratory and enteric disease -2nd most common cause of cold -can cause SARS (sever acute resp. syndrome) |
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| Hepatitis viruses |
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| RNA Virus: -cause hepatitis |
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| Orthomyxoviruses |
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| RNA Virus: -cause influenza A, B, & C with significant diseas with A & B |
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| Paramyxoviruses |
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| RNA Virus: -cause Measles, Mumps, Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) |
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| Ricornaviruses |
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RNA Virus: -smalles rna virus |
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| Enteroviruses |
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| RNA Virus: -cause GI problems -also cause Polio |
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| Rhinoviruses |
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| RNA Virus: -most common cold |
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| Rhabdoviruses |
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| RNA Virus: -bulletshaped -cause rabies |
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| Reoviruses |
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| RNA Virus: - R=resp. - E=enteric - O=orphans -Rotavirus |
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| Retrovirus |
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| RNA Virus: -RNA Genome -Converts RNA to DNA once inside of host -HIV |
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| Togavirus |
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| RNA Virus: -causes infectious arthritis, encephalitis, & rashes |
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| Rubiviruses: |
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| RNA Virus: -cause a red rash -Rubella (German Measles) |
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| Flaviviruses |
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| RNA Virus: -cause yellow fever, dengue fever and Hep. C |
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| Hepatitis Delta Viruses |
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| _______ ________ ________ require host cells that have active Hepatitis B only. |
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| Spongeform Encepalopathy |
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| Prion: -causes neurodegenerative disease starting with mad cow, then going to humans where it becomes 1 Creatzfeldt-Jacob Disease (CJD) |
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| Aflatoxins (Neurotoxins) |
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| Fungi: -pin prick amounts of these can kill humans -found in peanuts, cereals, and crops |
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| Psychotrophic Agents |
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| Fungi:-cause hallucinations |
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| Cryptococcus neoformans |
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| Fungi: -causes fungal meningitis in the immunocompromised or those who handle bird or bat poop. |
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| Dimorphic |
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| Most pathogens of Fungi are _________ . |
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| Sporothrix scherickii |
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| Fungi: -causes sporotrichosis; intestinal |
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| Histoplasma capsulatum |
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| Fungi: -causes histoplasmosis; resp. moves body wide |
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| Superficial Mycosis/Mycoses |
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| Fungi: -infect the surface of skin or hair |
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| Cutaneous and Subcutaneous Mycoses |
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| Fungi: -infect nails and deep layers of skin |
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| Systemic |
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| Fungi: -infect internal organs -Sprothris schenckii -Histoplasma capsulatum |
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| Zycomycota |
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| Fungi: -no pathogens |
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| Ascomycota |
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| Fungi: -plant pathogens (rust, powdering mildew) -produce antibiotics -ex. Penicillium = Penicillin |
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| Basidiomycota |
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| Fungi: -mushrooms with toxins that can attack and kill the liver |
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| Deuteromycota |
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| Fungi: -"imperfect fungi" because they don't sexually reproduce |
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| Trophozoits |
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| Protozoa: -motile form and actively feeding requiring lots of moisture and food and typically causing infection. |
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| Malaria |
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| Intracellular Parasite: -attacks erythrocytes |
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| Trichomonas vaginalis |
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| Extracellular Parasites: -causes vaginosis |
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| Giardia intestinalis |
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| Extracellular Parasites: -causes Giurdiasis or diarrhea. |
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| Balantidium coli |
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| Ciliophora: -intestinal pathogen |
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| Hemoflagellates |
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| Euglenozoa: -blood parasites |
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| Trypanosoma brucei |
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| Trypanosomas: -causes African Sleeping Sickness by salivary bite of an insect |
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| Trypanosoma cruzi |
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| Trypanosomas: -causes Chagas Disease, which attacks the heart and leads to death from heart failure -In South America and Southern N. America |
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| Entamoeba histolytica |
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| Amoebozoa: -causes intestinal problems by ingesting the cyst. |
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| Balamuthia |
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| Amoebozoa: -attacks the brain by entering through the resp. tract or open wounds |
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| Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) |
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| Amoebozoa: -causes ~ meningitis |
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| Plasmodium |
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| Apicomplexa: -transmitted by a mosquito |
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| Babesia |
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| Apicomplexa: -infects RBCs and causes fever, & anemia -transmitted by ticks |
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| Toxoplasma gondii |
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| Apicomplexa: -causes toxoplasmosis -transmitted via the inhalation of cysts, typically in cat and rodent species. -dangerous to women cleaning litter box for sake of fetus. |
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| Trematodes or "Flukes" |
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| Platyhelminths/Flatworms: -indicated by the organ they infect. ex. "liver ____" |
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| Cestodes |
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| Platyhelminths/Flatworms: -intestinal tapeworms |
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| Ascaris lumbricoides |
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| Nematodes/Roundworms: -Egg infectious -intestinal roundworms -common in poor areas |
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| Entrobious vermicularis |
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| Nematodes/Roundworms: -Egg infectious -Pinworms -cause anal itching and are highly contagious |
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| Necatar americanus |
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| Nematodes/Roundworms: -Larvae infectious -most common hookworm |
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| Ancyclostoma dudenale |
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| Nematodes/Roundworms: -Larvae infectious -hookworm |
