Medieval Feudalism – Flashcards
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Practice of living as a monk
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Monasticism
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Catholic Monastery or convent
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Abbey
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A mother superior of an Abbey of nuns
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Abbess
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Early christian monasticism was based on
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the model of a hermit
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The patron saint of europe and students
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St benedict
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He established a basic set of rules for monks
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St. Benedict
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The founder of western Christian monasticism
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St. Benedict
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The singing psalms
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Gregorian chants
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The male leader of a monastery
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Abbot
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He slew a dragon
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St. George the Flag of England
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The flag of England
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Flag of St. George (White with a red cross)
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Patron Saint of Ireland
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St. Patrick
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The Germanic-people of northern Europe
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Noreman/Vikings
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Norse pagan gods
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Odin and Thor
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Viking new world settlements
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Greenland and Vinland
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Much of the European coastline was subject to
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Viking attack
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Present day Russia also experienced
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Viking invasion
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Vikings settled in areas of England
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Ireland and Normandy
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The Magyars of western Asia invaded
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Present day Hungary
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Muslims from North Africa invaded
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Spain, Portugal, and France
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The Muslims retreated back to Spain
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after their defeat at Tours (France)
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He defeated the Muslims at the Battle of Tours
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Charles Martel
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Nickname of Charles Martel
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The Hammer (frankish king)
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Viking, Magyar, and Muslim invasions led to
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greater support for feudalism
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Much of Europe divided into
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small Feudal kingdoms
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National monarches (central power): less effective
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against invaders
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Lords and Vassals agreed to
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a feudal contract
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Lords granted land to the
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vassal
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Vassals made payments to the
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lords
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Lords also offered
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protection to the vassals
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Serfs worked the nobel lands and
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provided goods/taxes to the nobles
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The nobles protected
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the serfs
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Grandt of land to a vassal
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Fief
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Code of Feudal Knights
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Chivalry
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Defend the defensless/defender of the faith
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Chivalry
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Knights/solider on horseback
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Cavalry
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Charles Martel's Cavalry benefitted from
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The stir up
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Match/pairs of mounted knights/with lances
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Jousting
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The main purpose of the jousting/tournaments
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Preperation for war
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Son of Charles Martel/Father of Charlemagne
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Pepin the Short
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Founder of the Holy Roman Empire
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Pepin the Short
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Charles the Great/Emperor of the Romans
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Charlemagne
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King of the Franks/the Carolingian Empire
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Charlemagne
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The largest empire during the Middle Ages
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Carolingian
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Modern-day France, Germany, and the Netherlands
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Part of the Carolingian Empire
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Charlemagne's coronation
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was performed by Pop Leo III
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Formal crowning of the king/emperor
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Coronation
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He hoped to gain protection from Charlemagne
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Pope Leo II
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Charlemagne was the first emperor of the Romans
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since the fall of Rome
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Charlemagne's local Carolingian representatives
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German nobles
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Charlemagne's messengers
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Missi Dominici
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He revived classical studies/established schools
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Charlemagne
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The Carolingian Renaissance occurred under
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Charlemagne
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Renaissance means rebirth of
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learning
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Language of the educated throughout Europe
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Latin
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He forcibly Christianized the Saxtons
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Charlemagne
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Standard Latin allowed affective communication
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Throughout Europe
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The common language of scholarship
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Medieval Latin
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Many ancient Roman works exist today because of
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Carolingian monks
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Rooms where Monks copied classical/biblical works
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Scriptoria
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After Charlemagne died in 814
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the carolingian empire divided into 3 parts
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Important wealthy noblewoman/medieval Europe
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Eleanor of Aquitaine
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Duchy of Southwestern France
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Aquitaine
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She married a France king and then an english king
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Eleanor of Aquitaine
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Mother of Richard the Loinhearted
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Eleanor of Aquitaine
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Mother of King John of England
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Eleanor of Aquitaine
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Roman Numerals 1,4,5,6,9,10,11,15
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I,IV, V, VI, IX, X,XI, XV
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Roman Numerals 40, 50, 60, 90, 100, 500, 1000
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XL, L, LX, XC, C, D, M
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Anglo-Saxon epic story
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Beowulf
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Hero of the Geats/killed the monster Grendel
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Beowulf
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The last anglo-saxon king of England
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King Harold
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William of Normandy was also known as
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William of the Conqueror
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Normandy is a region of
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Northern France
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William defeated King Harold at
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The battle of Hastings
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Census of William the Conqueror
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The Domesday Book
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French Norman/Anglo-Saxon culture merged
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Into a new English Culture
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The power of the royal courts/English Kings
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Expanded under Henry II
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Common Law replaced local laws under
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King Henry II
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Henry's fight with the Church led to the murder of
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Archbishop Thomas Becket
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Becket's Murder ended King Henry's plan
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to control the church
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King John (England) was forced to sign the
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Magna Carta (Great charter)
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English nobles believed King John did not
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Respect their rights
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A limitation on the absolute power of a monarch
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Magna Carta
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The Magna Carta was signed here:
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Runnymede, England
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The English Parliament emerged during the reign of...
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King Edward I
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The two houses of Parliament:
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House of Lords and the House of Commons
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French royal dynasty/beginning in 987:
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Capetian Dynasty
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At first, many French dukes had more power than...
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The Capetian Kings
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He controlled more territory/power of kings:
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King Phillip the II Augustus (France)
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He reclaimed French territory from English Kings:
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Phillip II Augustus
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Regions of France:
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Normandy, Anjou, Maine, and Aquitaine
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French King/Catholic Saint:
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Louis IX/ Saint Louis
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He established a French Parliament:
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King Phillip IV/Philip the Fair
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Holy Roman emperors/Failed to gain Italy
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Fredrick I & Fredrick II
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Holy Roman emperors never gained control of
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German princes or the pope
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Region of the Slavic peoples:
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Central and Eastern Europe
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Roman Catholics and western Slavs:
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Poles, Czechs, and Hungarians
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The Czechs came from this region:
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Bohemia
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Southern Slavs:
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Croats, Serbs, and Bulgarians
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Eastern Slavs/Eastern Orthodox Faith
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Russians and Ukrainians
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Eastern Orthodox missionaries in Russia:
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Cyril and Methodius
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Invaders who dominated Russia/the "Rus":
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Viking rulers
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Viking ruler in Kiev/Married Slavic wives:
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Oleg
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He expanded Russia:
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Oleg
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Eastern Othodox Christianity:
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Russian State religion (Under Vladimir)
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After civil war and invasion, they controlled Russia:
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Mongols
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Prince of Novgorod/Defeated a German army
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Alexander Nevsky
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Grand-prince/his descendants ruled all Russia
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Alexander Nevsky
