question

The process through which the body maintains a constant internal environment are know as_____ -hematostasis, homeostasis, homestasis, homostasis

answer

Homeostasis

question

Which of the following is a characteristic of the anatomic position? -extending the arms upward, bending the knees, standing up straight so the body is erect, turning the palms of the hands toward the back

answer

Standing up straight so the body is erect

question

_____ has a specialized ability to contract and relax. -adipose tissue, dense connective tissue, muscle tissue, nerve tissue

answer

Muscle Tissue

question

When a recessive gene for a disease is inherited from ____

answer

both parents, the offspring will have that condition

question

A/An ____ is an acquired in a hospital or clinical setting. -iatrogenic illness, functional disorder, idiopathic disorder, nosocomial infection

answer

Nosocomial Infection

question

The term ____ is opposite of anterior. -dorsal, posterior, superior, ventral

answer

Posterior

question

A/An ____ divides the body into anterior and posterior portions. -frontal plane, horizontal plane, sagittal plane, transverse plane

answer

Frontal Plane

question

The organs of reproduction are protected by the ____ cavity. -abdominal, dorsal, pelvic, ventral

answer

Pelvic

question

A transverse plane divides the body into ____ and inferior portions. -anterior, lateral, posterior, superior

answer

Superior

question

Which term means toward the lower part of the body? -caudal, cephalic, distal, proximal

answer

Caudal

question

The ____ body regions are located on the left and right sides and are covered by the lower ribs.

answer

Left and right hypochondriac

question

The term ____ describes the congenital absense of a normal opening or the failure of a structure, such as the anus, to be tubular. -anaplasia, aplasia, atresia, dysplasia

answer

Atresia

question

The ____ plane, which is also known as the midline, divides the body into equal left and right halves -coronal, frontal, midsagittal, transverse

answer

Midsagittal

question

Which term describes a benign tumor formed from glandular tissue? -ademoma, adenomalacia, adenosclerosis, adenosis

answer

Adenoma

question

Which term means the direction toward or nearer the midline? -distal, lateral, medial, sagittal

answer

Medial

question

A physician who specializes in the care of older people is known as a ____ -cardiologist, geriatrician, internist, obsetrician

answer

Geriatrician

question

Which condition is the abnormal development or growth of cells, tissues, or organs? -anaplasia, aplasia, dysplasia, hyperplasia

answer

Dysplasia

question

Which term refers to an outbreak of a disease occuring over a large geographic area, possibly worldwide? -endemic, epidemic, geodemic, pandemic

answer

Pandemic

question

Which term means the study of the structure, composition, and function of tissues? -anatomy, histology, pathology, physiology

answer

Histology

question

Which term means toward the side? -distal, lateral, medial, proximal

answer

Lateral

question

Which term means the study of the functions of body structures? -anatomy, cytology, histology, physiology

answer

Physiology

question

A/An ____ disorder, such as panic attack, produces symptoms for which no physiological or anatomical cause can be identified. -functional, infectious, idiopathic, organic

answer

functional

question

_____ is a genetic disorder in which an essential digestive enzyme is missing. -hemophilia, huntington's disease, phenylketonuria, tay-sachs

answer

Phenylketonuria

question

Which of these diseases is NOT spread by bloodborne transmission? -hepatitis B, HIV, STD's, tuberculosis

answer

Tuberculosis

question

A genome is_____

answer

the complete set of an individual's genetic information

question

The _______ system filters blood to remove waste while maintaining the electrolyte and fluid balance within the body.

answer

Urinary

question

The _____ system supports and shapes the body. It also protects the internal organs, forms some blood cells, and stores minerals.

answer

Skeletal

question

The _____ system protects the body against invasion by bacteria. It also aids in regulating the body temperatue and water content.

answer

Integumentary

question

Hormones are secreted by _____ glands.

answer

Endocrine

question

The term ______ refers to the back of the organ or body. The opposite of this term is ventral.

answer

Dorsal

question

A/An ____ is a fundamental physical and functional unit of heredity.

answer

Gene

question

An inflammation of te peritoneum is known as______

answer

Peritonitis

question

Protective padding, insulation, support, and a nutrient reserve are provided by ____ tissue.

answer

Adipose

question

The enlargement in the bulk of an orga that is not due to tumor formation is known as______

answer

Hypertrophy

question

______ glands, such as sweat glands, secrete chemical substances into ducts that lead either to other orangs or out of the body.

answer

Exocrine

question

Abnormal hardening of a gland is known as ________

answer

Adenosclerosis

question

An abnormal increase in the number of normal cells in normal arragement in a tissue is known as______

answer

Hyperplasia

question

Blood and lymph are examples of ____ connective tissue.

answer

Liquid

question

A/An ________ is a specialist in the study of tissue organization at all levels.

answer

Histologist

question

A/An ______ is a deviation from what is regarded as normal.

answer

Anamoly

question

A/An ______ disorder is an abnormal condition that exists at the time of birth.

answer

Congenital

question

The _______ region is located below the stomach.

answer

Hypogastric

question

A postmortem examination is known as a/an _______

answer

Autopsy

question

The larynx is part of the ______ system.

answer

Respiratory

question

The study of the causes of diseases is known as _______

answer

Etiology

question

A ______ is a group of specialized epithelial cells that can produce secretions/

answer

Gland

question

The surgical removal of a gland is known as a/an _______

answer

Adenectomy

question

The study of how traits are transfered from parents to their children and the role of genes in health and disease is known as _______

answer

Genetics

question

The ______ cavity contains the organs of the digestive system.

answer

Abdominal

question

______ syndrome is a genetic disorder that includes characteristic facial features, some degree of mental retardation, vision disorders, and other health problems.

answer

Down

question

The distal end of the humerus is located near the shoulder.(T/F)

answer

False

question

A sagittal plane divides the body into unequal upper and lower portions.(T/F)

answer

False

question

The term inguinal, which means relating the groin, refers to the entire lower portion of the abdomen.(T/F)

answer

True

question

DNA is packaged in a chromosome as two spiraling strands that twist together to form a double helix.(T/F)

answer

True

question

The epigastric region surronds the umbilicus.(T/F)

answer

False

question

The thoracic cavity surronds and protects the heart and lungs.(T/F)

answer

True

question

Each chromosome contains 46 genes.(T/F)

answer

False

question

A gamete is the only type of cell that does not contain 46 chromosomes.(T/F)

answer

True

question

Anatomy means any deviation from what is regarded as normal.(T/F)

answer

False

question

Hemophilia is a group of hereditary bleeding disorders in which a blood-clotting factor is missing.(T/F)

answer

True

question

Stem cells can be harvested from the bone marrow of a newborn infant.

answer

False

question

The umbilicus is also known as the belly button or naval.

answer

True

question

Quadrant means divided into six equal parts.

answer

False

question

The term proximal means situated nearest the midline or beginning of a body structure.

answer

True

question

DNA is found only in gametes.

answer

False

question

Somatic cell mutation can be transmitted to the offspring.

answer

False

question

The messentery attaches parts of the intestine to the interior abdominal wall.

answer

True

question

The term retroperitoneal means located behind the peritoneum.

answer

True

question

Cytology is the study of the formation, structure, and function of cells.

answer

True

question

The dorsal cavity contains the body organs that maintain homeostasis.

answer

False

question

Adult stem cells are undifferentiated cells found among differentiated cells in a tissue or organ.

answer

True

question

A genetic mutation is a change of the sequence of a DNA molecule.

answer

True

question

Freckles are a physical trait that is transmitted by a recessive gene.

answer

False

question

Tay-Sachs disease is a fatal genetic disorder in which harmful quantities of a fatty substance build up in the lungs.

answer

False

question

Huntington's disease is a genetic disorder causing nerve degeneration that can result in uncontrolled movements and the loss of some mental abilities.

answer

True

question

A benign tumor from recognizable glandular structures.

answer

Adenoma

question

Abnormal hardening of a gland.

answer

Adenosclerosis

question

Abnormal softening of a gland.

answer

Adenomalacia

question

Any disease condition of a gland.

answer

Adenosis

question

Inflammation of a gland.

answer

Adenitis

question

Protects the spinal cord.

answer

Spinal Cavity

question

Protects the major organs of digestion.

answer

Abdominal Cavity

question

Protects the heart and lungs.

answer

Thoracic Cavity

question

Protects the brain.

answer

Cranial Cavity

question

Protects reproductive and excretory system organs.

answer

Pelvic Cavity

question

Outer layer of membrane that lines the abdominal cavity.

answer

Parietal Peritoneum

question

Membrane that protects and supports organs in the abdominal cavity.

answer

Peritoneum

question

Located behind the peritoneum of the abdominal cavity.

answer

Retroperitoneal

question

Inner layer of membrane that surronds the organs of the abdominal cavity.

answer

Visceral Peritoneum

question

Suspends parts of the intestine within the abdominal cavity.

answer

Mesentery

question

The defective development or congenital absence of an organ or tissue.

answer

Aplasia

question

Incomplete development of an organ or tissue.

answer

Hypoplasia

question

A change in the structure of cells and in their orientation to each other.

answer

Anaplasia

question

Abnormal tissue development.

answer

Dysplasia

question

Abnormal increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement.

answer

Hyperplasia

question

A disorder with no detectable physical changes to explain the symptoms.

answer

Functional Disorder

question

A disorder with pathologic physical changes that explain the symptoms.

answer

Organic Disorder

question

An illness caused by a pathogenic organism.

answer

Infectious Disorder

question

An illness without known cause.

answer

Idiopathic Disorder

question

Any disease transmitted from one person to another.

answer

Communicable Disease

Medical Terminology Chp. 2 Study Guide – Flashcards

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