Medical Terminology: Chapters 13 & 14 – Flashcards

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Acoustic
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Pertaining to the sense of hearing
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Audiogram
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A record of hearing by audiometry
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Audiologist
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One who specializes in disorders of hearing
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Audiology
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The study of hearing disorders
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Audiometer
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An instrument used to measure hearing
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Audiometry
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Measurement of the hearing sense
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Audiophone
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An instrument that conveys sound to the auditory nerve through teeth or bone
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Auditory
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Pertaining to the sense of hearing
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Aural
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Pertaining to the ear
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Auricle
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The external portion of the ear, known as the flap of the ear; the pinna
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Biaural
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Pertaining to both ears
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Cerumen
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Earwax, the yellowish substance secreted by the glands in the canal of the external ear
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Cholesteatoma
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A tumor-like mass filled with epitheial cells and cholesterol
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Cochlea
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A portion of the inner ear shaped like a snail shell; contains the organ of hearing referred to as the organ of Corti
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Deafness
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Complete or partial loss of the ability to hear
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Ear
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Organ of hearing and equilibrium
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Electrochochleography
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A recording of the electrical activity produced when the chochlea is stimulated
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Endaural
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Pertaining to within the ear
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Endolymph
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The clear fluid contained within the labyrinth of the ear
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Equilibrium
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A state of balance. In the inner ear, the semicircular canals are the site of the organs of balance
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Eustachian Tube
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A narrow tube between the middle ear and the throat that serves to equalize pressure on both sides of the eardrum
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Fenestration
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Surgical operation in which a new opening is made in the labyrinth of the inner ear for restoration of hearing
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Incus
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The anvil, the middle of the three ossicles
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Labyrinth
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The inner ear; made up of the vestible, cochlea, and semicircular canals
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Labyrinthectomy
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Surgical excision of the labyrinth
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Malleus
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The hammer, the largest of the three ossicles
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Meniere's Disease
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A disease of the inner ear
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Otic
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Pertaining to the ear
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Oval Window
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Membrane in the middle ear into which fits the footplate of the staples
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Perilymph
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Serum fluid of the inner ear
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Persbycusis
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Impairment of hearing in old age
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Rinne Test
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A hearing test made with a tuning fork to compare bone conduction hearing with air conduction
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Tinnitus
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A ringing or jingling sound in the ear
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Tympanci
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Pertaining to the ear drum
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Utricle
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A small, sac-like structure of the labyrinth of the inner ear
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Vertigo
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A feeling of dizziness, light headedness, caused by a disturbance of the quilibrium organs in the labyrinth
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Accomodation
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The process whereby the eyes make adjustments for seeing objects at various distances
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Amblyopia
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Dullness of vision
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Anisocoria
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A condition in which the pupils are unequal
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Aphakia
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A condition in which the crystalline lens is absent
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Astigmatism
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A defect in the refraction powers of the eye in which a ray of light is not focused on the retina but is spread over an area
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Bifocal
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Pertaining to having two foci, as in bifocal glasses
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Blepharitis
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Inflammation of the edges of the eyelids
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Blepharoptosis
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A drooping of the upper eyelids
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Cataract
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An opacity of the crystalline lens or its capsule; most often occurs in aduclts past middle age
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Chanlazion
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A small, hard, painless cyst of a meibomian gland (one of the sebaceous follicles of the eyelids)
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Chorioditis
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Inflammation of the vascular coat of the eye
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Conjunctivitis
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Inflammation of the conjunctiva
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Corneal
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Pertaining to the cornea
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Cycloplegia
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Paralysis of the ciliary muscle
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Darcyoma
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A tumor-like swelling caused by obstruction of the tear ducts
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Diplopia
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Double vision
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Electroretinogram
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A record of the electrical response of the retina to light stimulation
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Emmetropia
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Normal or perfect vision
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Entropion
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The turning inward of the margin of the lower eyelid
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Enucleation
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A process of removing an entire part or mass without rupture, as the eyeball from its orbit
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Esotropia
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A condition in which the eye or eyes turn inward; crossed eyes
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Exotropia
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The turning outward of one or both eyes
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Glaucoma
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A disease characterized by increased introcular, which results in atrophy of the optic nerve and blindness
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Gonioscope
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An instrument used to examine the angle of the anterior chamber of the eye
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Hemianopia
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The inablity (blindness) to see half the field of vision
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Hyperopia
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A defect in vision in which parallel rays come to a focus beyond the retina; farsightedness
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Intraocular
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Pertaining to within the eye
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Irdiectomy
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Surgical excision of a portion of the iris
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Iridocyclitis
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Inflammation of the iris and ciliary body
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Keratitis
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Inflammation of the cornea
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Kertoconjunctivitis
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Inflammation of the cornea and the conjunctiva
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Keratoplasty
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Surgical repair of the cornea
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Lacrimal
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Pertaining to tears
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Laser
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An acronym for Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation
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Macular Degeneration
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Degeneration of the macular area of the retina, an area important in the visualization of fine details
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Mircolens
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A small, thin corneal contact lens
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Miotic
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Pertaining to an agent that causes the pupil to contract
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Mydriatic
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Pertaining to an agent that causes the pupil to dilate
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Myopia
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A defect in vision in which parallel rays come to a focus in front of the retina; nearsightedness
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Nyctalopia
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A condition in which the individual has difficulty seeing at night; night blindness
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Nystagmus
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An involuntary, constant, rhythmic movement of the eyeball
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Ocular
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Pertaining to the eye
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Optic
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Pertaining to the eye
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Phacoemulisification
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The process of using ultrasound to disintegrate a cataract
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Phacolysis
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Surgical destruction and removal of the crystalline lens in the treatment of cataract
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Phacosclerosis
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A condition of hardening of the crystalline lens
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Photocoagulation
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The process of altering proteins in tissue by the use of light energy
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Photophbia
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Unusual intolerance of light
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Presbyopia
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A defect in vision in which parallel rays come to a focus beyond the retina; occurs normally with aging; farsightness
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Pupillary
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Pertaining to the pupil
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Radial Keratotomy
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A surgical procedure that may be performed to correct nearsightedness (myopia)
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Retinal
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Pertaining to the retina
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Retinitis
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Inflammation of the retina
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Retinoblastoma
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A malignant tumor arising from the germ cell of the retina
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Retinopathy
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Any disease of the retina
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Retrolental Fibroplasia
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A disease of the retinal vessels present in premature infants
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Scleritis
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Inflammation of the sclera
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Snellen Chart
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A chart for testing visual acuity
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Strabismus
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A disorder of the eye which the optic axes cannot be directed to the same object; also called a squint
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Sty (e)
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Inflammation of one or more of the sebaceous glands of the eyelid; also called a hordeolum
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Tonography
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Recording of intraocular pressure used in detecting glaucoma
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Trichiasis
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A condition of ingrowing eyelids that rub against the cornea, causing a constant irritation to the eyeball
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Uveal
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Pertaining to the second or vascular coat of the eye
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Uveitis
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Inflammation of the uvea
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Xenophthalmia
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Inflamed eye condition caused by foreign material
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Xerophytalmia
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An eye condition in which there is dryness of the conjuntiva
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