Medical Terminology – Chapter 21 – Flashcards
93 test answers
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answers 93question
Amphetamine
answer
Central nervous system stimulant.
Unlock the answer
question
Analgesic
answer
Drug that relieves pain.
Unlock the answer
question
Anaphylaxis
answer
Exaggerated hypersensitivity reaction to a previously encountered drug or to a foreign protein (antigen).
Unlock the answer
question
Androgen
answer
Male hormone.
Unlock the answer
question
Anesthesia
answer
Absence of nervous feeling or sensation.
Unlock the answer
question
Anesthetic
answer
Drug that reduces or eliminates nervous sensation.
Unlock the answer
question
Angiotensin II receptor
answer
Drug that lowers blood pressure by preventing angiotensin antagonist from acting on receptors in blood vessels.
Unlock the answer
question
Antacid
answer
Drug that works against acid in the stomach.
Unlock the answer
question
Antagonistic action
answer
Combination of two drugs gives less than the sum of the effects of each together.
Unlock the answer
question
Antiandrogen
answer
Drug that slows the uptake of androgens or interferes with their effect in tissues.
Unlock the answer
question
Antiarrhythmic
answer
Drug that treats abnormal heart rhythms.
Unlock the answer
question
Antibiotic
answer
Chemical substance that has the ability to inhibit or destroy foreign organisms in the body.
Unlock the answer
question
Anticoagulant
answer
Drug that prevents blood clotting.
Unlock the answer
question
Anticonvulsant
answer
Drug that prevents convulsions and seizures.
Unlock the answer
question
Antidepressant
answer
Drug that relieves symptoms of depression.
Unlock the answer
question
Antidiabetic
answer
Drug given to prevent or treat diabetes mellitus.
Unlock the answer
question
Antidiarrheal
answer
Drug that prevents diarrhea.
Unlock the answer
question
Antidote
answer
Agent given to counteract an unwanted effect of a drug.
Unlock the answer
question
Antiemetic
answer
Drug that prevents nausea and vomiting.
Unlock the answer
question
Antihistamine
answer
Drug that blocks the action of histamine and helps prevent symptoms of allergy.
Unlock the answer
question
Antinauseant
answer
Drug that relieves nausea and vomiting; antiemetic.
Unlock the answer
question
Antiplatelet
answer
Drug that reduces the tendency of platelets to stick together and form a clot.
Unlock the answer
question
Antipruritic
answer
Drug that acts against itching (pruritus).
Unlock the answer
question
Antipyretic
answer
Drug that lowers fever.
Unlock the answer
question
Antiulcer
answer
Drug that inhibits the secretion of acid by cells lining the stomach.
Unlock the answer
question
Antiviral
answer
Drug that acts against viruses such as the herpes virus and HIV.
Unlock the answer
question
Aromatase inhibitor
answer
Drug that reduces estrogen in the blood by blocking the enzyme, aromatase.
Unlock the answer
question
Bactericidal
answer
Pertaining to killing bacteria.
Unlock the answer
question
Bacteriostatic
answer
Pertaining to inhibiting bacterial growth.
Unlock the answer
question
Beta-blocker
answer
Blocks the action of epinephrine (adrenaline) on the heart and blood vessels and thus lowers blood pressure.
Unlock the answer
question
Bronchodilator
answer
Agent that dilates (widens) blood vessels and relieves bronchospasm.
Unlock the answer
question
Bisphosphonate
answer
Drug that prevents bone loss in osteoporosis and osteopenia.
Unlock the answer
question
Brand name
answer
Commercial name for a drug; trade or trademark name.
Unlock the answer
question
Caffeine
answer
Central nervous system stimulant.
Unlock the answer
question
Calcium channel blocker
answer
Drug that stops entrance of calcium into muscle of the heart and blood vessels. This lowers blood pressure and restores normal heart rhythm.
Unlock the answer
question
Cardiovascular drug
answer
Pertaining to the heart and blood vessels. Cardiovascular drugs act on the heart and blood vessels; ACE inhibitors, diuretics, beta-blockers, statins.
Unlock the answer
question
Cathartic
answer
Drug that relieves constipation.
Unlock the answer
question
Chemical name
answer
Chemical formula for a drug.
Unlock the answer
question
Chemotherapy
answer
Treatment with drugs.
Unlock the answer
question
Contraindication
answer
Factor in a patient's condition that prevents the use of a particular drug or treatment.
Unlock the answer
question
Controlled substances
answer
Drugs that produce tolerance and dependence and have potential for abuse or addiction.
Unlock the answer
question
Diuretic
answer
Drug that promotes or increases the production of urine (diuresis).
Unlock the answer
question
Emetic
answer
Drug that promotes vomiting.
Unlock the answer
question
Endocrine drug
answer
Pertaining to internal secretion. An endocrine drug is a hormone or hormone-like drug; androgens, estrogens, glucocorticoids.
Unlock the answer
question
Erythromycin
answer
Antibiotic that is extracted from a red (erythr/o) mold (-mycin).
Unlock the answer
question
Estrogen
answer
Female hormone that promotes secondary sex characteristics and supports reproductive tissues.
Unlock the answer
question
Gastrointestinal drug
answer
Pertaining to the stomach and intestinal tract (intestines). Gastrointestinal drugs include antiulcer, antidiarrheal, and antacid medications.
Unlock the answer
question
Generic name
answer
Legal, noncommercial name for a drug.
Unlock the answer
question
Glucocorticoid
answer
Hormone from the adrenal cortex that raises blood sugar and reduces tissue inflammation.
Unlock the answer
question
Hypnotic
answer
Drug that promotes sleep or a trance-like state (hypnosis).
Unlock the answer
question
Hypodermic
answer
Pertaining to under the skin.
Unlock the answer
question
Iatrogenic
answer
Pertaining to a condition that is produced (-genic) by a physician or treatment (iatr/o).
Unlock the answer
question
Idiosyncrasy
answer
Unexpected effect produced in a particularly sensitive individual, but not seen in most patients.
Unlock the answer
question
Inhalation
answer
Administration of drugs in gaseous or vapor form through the nose or mouth.
Unlock the answer
question
Intrathecal
answer
Pertaining to within the meninges or membranes surrounding the spinal cord. Drugs may be administered intrathecally.
Unlock the answer
question
Laxative
answer
Weak cathartic; promotes movement of feces through the colon.
Unlock the answer
question
Medicinal chemistry
answer
Study of new drug synthesis and the relationship between the chemical structure of a drug and its biologic effect.
Unlock the answer
question
Molecular pharmacology
answer
Study of the interaction of drugs and their target molecules, enzymes, or cell surface receptors.
Unlock the answer
question
Narcotic
answer
Habit-forming drug that relieves pain by producing stupor and insensibility; morphine and opium.
Unlock the answer
question
Oral administration
answer
Drugs that are given by mouth.
Unlock the answer
question
Parenteral administration
answer
Drugs or nourishment are given intravenously (within a vein) and other than through the intestinal tract.
Unlock the answer
question
Pharmacist
answer
Specialist in preparing and dispensing drug.
Unlock the answer
question
Pharmacy
answer
Location for preparing and dispensing drugs; study of preparing and dispensing drugs.
Unlock the answer
question
Pharmacodynamics
answer
Study of the effects and strength of a drug within the body.
Unlock the answer
question
Pharmacokinetics
answer
Calculation of drug concentration in tissues and body fluids over a period of time.
Unlock the answer
question
Pharmacologist
answer
Specialist in the study of the properties, uses, and actions of drugs.
Unlock the answer
question
Pharmacology
answer
Study of the properties, uses and actions of drugs.
Unlock the answer
question
Progestin
answer
Hormone that stimulates the uterine lining during pregnancy and is used in treatment of abnormal uterine bleeding and hormone replacement therapy.
Unlock the answer
question
Purgative
answer
Drug that relieves constipation and is a strong cathartic.
Unlock the answer
question
Receptor
answer
Target substance with which a drug interacts in the body.
Unlock the answer
question
Rectal administration
answer
Drugs are inserted through the anus into the rectum.
Unlock the answer
question
Respiratory drug
answer
Treats asthma, emphysema, and infections that affect breathing; bronchodilators are respiratory drugs.
Unlock the answer
question
Sedative
answer
Mild sleep inducing agent that relaxes a patient without necessarily producing sleep.
Unlock the answer
question
Side effect
answer
Adverse effect that routinely results from the use of a drug.
Unlock the answer
question
Stimulant
answer
Drug that excites and promotes activity.
Unlock the answer
question
Subcutaneous
answer
Pertaining to under the skin.
Unlock the answer
question
Sublingual
answer
Pertaining to under the tongue.
Unlock the answer
question
Synergism
answer
Drug action in which the combination of two drugs causes an effect that is greater than the sum of the individual effects of each drug.
Unlock the answer
question
Synergistic
answer
Pertaining to synergism.
Unlock the answer
question
Syringe
answer
Instrument for introducing or withdrawing fluids from the body.
Unlock the answer
question
Thyroid hormone
answer
Secretion from the thyroid gland that stimulates cellular metabolism.
Unlock the answer
question
Tolerance
answer
Drug action in which larger and larger doses must be given to achieve a desired effect.
Unlock the answer
question
Topical application
answer
Drugs are applied locally on the skin or mucous membranes of the body; ointments, lotions, and creams are examples.
Unlock the answer
question
Toxicity
answer
Harmful effect of a drug.
Unlock the answer
question
Toxicology
answer
Branch of pharmacology that studies harmful chemicals and their effects on the body.
Unlock the answer
question
Tranquilizer
answer
Drug that controls anxiety and severe disturbances of behavior.
Unlock the answer
question
Transport
answer
Movement of a drug across a cell membrane into body cells.
Unlock the answer
question
Vasodilator
answer
Drug that widens blood vessels.
Unlock the answer
question
Vitamin
answer
Substance found in foods and essential in small quantities for growth and good health.
Unlock the answer
