question

a-, an-

answer

without or absence of aphasia- absence of speech. aseptic- sterile asymptomatic- without symptoms anoxia- without oxygen

question

ab-

answer

away from abduction- away from the midline of the body.

question

ad-

answer

toward adduction- toward the midline of the body.

question

ambi-

answer

both ambidextrous- ability to use both hands

question

ana-

answer

up, toward, apart from, excessive anatomy- process of cutting up.

question

ante-

answer

before antenatal- before birth

question

anti-

answer

against or opposite of

question

bi-

answer

two, second bifocal- two lenses to correct both near and far vision bicuspid- having two points bipara- a woman giving birth for a second time

question

brady-

answer

slow bradycardia- slow heartbeat bradykinesia- slow movement

question

circum-

answer

around circumference- area around. circumcision- to cut around

question

con-

answer

together, with or jointly conjoined twins

question

contra-

answer

counter or against

question

di-

answer

double diplegia- paralysis of two limbs.

question

dia-

answer

through dialysis- to remove impurities through the circulating blood.

question

dipl-

answer

double diplopia- double vision

question

dys-

answer

bad, abnormal, painful, difficult dyslexia- difficulty reading.

question

dis-

answer

apart or away dislocation- the dislocated part is apart or away from its normal position in the body.

question

ec-, ecto-

answer

outside or out ectopic pregnancy- fertilized egg implants on the outside of the uterus.

question

endo-

answer

within endogastric- within the stomach.

question

epi-, ep-

answer

upon, over, above, top epidermis- outermost layer of skin

question

eso-

answer

inward esotropia- condition where the eyes deviate inward

question

eu-

answer

normal or good euthanasia- good death

question

ex-, exo-

answer

outside, away from exotropia- condition where the eyes diviate away from the normal position.

question

extra-

answer

outside

question

hemi-

answer

one half hemiplegia- paralysis of one side, or half of, the body

question

heter-, hetero

answer

different heterotropia- condition where the eyes deviate in different directions.

question

hyper-

answer

excessive, abnormally high, above hypertension- high blood pressure

question

hypo-

answer

deficient, abnormally low, below hypodermis- beneath the skin hypothermia- low body temperature.

question

infer-

answer

below inferior.

question

inter-

answer

between intervertabral- a position between the vertebrae.

question

intra-

answer

within intravenous- pertaining to within a vein. intradermal- within the layers of skin.

question

macro-

answer

large

question

mal-

answer

bad malabsorpsion- bad absorption.

question

mega-, megalo-

answer

large or great megalocyte- large cell

question

meta-

answer

after of change metabolism- process of changing food into usable energy

question

micro-

answer

small microcephaly- process of small head

question

mono-

answer

one monoplegia- paralysis of one limb muscle/muscle group.

question

multi-

answer

many, more than one, or numerous multiple myeloma- disease of bone marrow in which numerous myelomas, which are small tumors, are found in the bone marrow of different bones. multipara- a woman who has given birth multiple times or more than once.

question

neo-

answer

new neonate- new birth

question

nulli

answer

none nullipara- never have given birth, no births nulligravida- never having been pregnant

question

oligo-

answer

little oliguria- the secretion of less than 400 ml of urine in 24 hours oligospermia- condition where the body produces little, or an insufficient amount of, sperm.

question

pan-

answer

all

question

para-

answer

alongside or abnormal paracusis- abnormal hearing

question

peri-

answer

around pericardium- covers around the heart.

question

poly-

answer

excessive, over, or many polydipsia- excessive thirst polyuria- excessive excretion of urine. polyarteritis- inflammation of arteries where they branch

question

post-

answer

to follow after postpartum- to follow after birth.

question

pre-

answer

before

question

primi-

answer

first primipara- woman giving birth for the first time. primigravida- a woman who is pregnant for the first time.

question

pseudo-

answer

false pseudocyesis- false pregnancy.

question

quadri-

answer

four

question

semi-

answer

half, partly semiconscious- partially conscious.

question

sub-

answer

under, beneath, below subcutaneous- beneath the skin.

question

super-, supra-

answer

above superior

question

syn-, sym-

answer

together or joined syndrome.

question

tachy-

answer

rapid, fast tachycardia- rapid heart beat

question

tetra-

answer

four tetrapalegia

question

trans-

answer

through, cross/across, beyond

question

semi-

answer

half or partial semiconscious

question

tri-

answer

three tripara- a woman who has given birth three times

question

uni-

answer

one unipara- woman who has given birth to one child.

question

abdomin/o

answer

abdomen

question

aden/o

answer

gland

question

anter/o

answer

front

question

append/o, appendic/o

answer

appendix

question

aut/o

answer

self

question

bi/o

answer

life

question

branchi/o

answer

arm

question

cardi/o

answer

heart

question

caud/o

answer

tail

question

cephal/o

answer

head

question

cerebr/o

answer

cerebrum (largest portion of the brain)

question

cervico/o

answer

neck

question

chondri/o

answer

cartilage

question

chron/o

answer

time

question

cran/o, crani/o

answer

skull

question

cutane/o

answer

skin

question

cyan/o

answer

blue

question

cyt/o

answer

cell

question

dermat/o, derm/o

answer

skin

question

dist/o

answer

distant

question

dors/o

answer

back

question

electr/o

answer

electricity

question

encephal/o

answer

brain

question

femor/o

answer

thigh

question

follicul/o

answer

follicle

question

gastr/o

answer

stomach

question

glute/o

answer

buttock

question

hem/o

answer

blood

question

hepat/o

answer

liver

question

hom/o, home/o

answer

same

question

hyster/o

answer

uterus

question

ili/o

answer

hip or groin

question

infer/o

answer

below

question

inguin/o

answer

groin

question

kerat/o

answer

horny tissue

question

laryng/o

answer

larynx, voice box

question

later/o

answer

side

question

leuk/o

answer

white

question

lumb/o

answer

loin or lower back

question

mamm/o

answer

breast

question

mast/o

answer

breast

question

medi/o

answer

middle

question

ment/o

answer

mind

question

nat/o

answer

birth

question

neur/o

answer

nerve

question

onych/o

answer

nail

question

path/o

answer

disease

question

pelv/o

answer

bowl

question

physi/o

answer

nature

question

pleur/o

answer

lung

question

poster/o

answer

back

question

proct/o

answer

rectum or anus

question

proxim/o

answer

near

question

psych/o

answer

mind

question

rhin/o

answer

nose

question

salping/o

answer

fallopian tube

question

seb/o

answer

sebum, oil

question

super/o

answer

above

question

thorac/o

answer

chest, thorax

question

tom/o

answer

to cut

question

tonsill/o

answer

almond, tonsil

question

umbilic/o

answer

navel

question

vas/o

answer

vessel

question

ventr/o

answer

belly, front

question

name 5 types of diagnostic imaging

answer

1. MRI 2. CAT scan 3. PET scan 4. Endoscopy 5. Ultrasound or Sonography

question

name the 11 systems of the body

answer

1. Integumentary 2. Cardiovascular 3. Nervous 4. Male Reproductive 5. Female Reproductive 6. Musculoskeletal 7. Urinary 8. Digestive 9. Endocrine 10. Respiratory 11. Lymphatic

question

name the building blocks of the body

answer

1. Atoms 2. Molecule 3. Organelle 4. Cell 5. Tissue 6. Organ 7. Organ Systems 8. Organism

question

acute disease

answer

disease known for its short or brief occurrence

question

CAT scan

answer

Computed Axial Tomography scanning uses multiple X-rays and computer enhancements to produce 3D images of internal body structures.

question

coronal plane, frontal plane

answer

vertical plane passing through the body from side to side. It divides the body into the anterior and posterior portions.

question

diaphragm

answer

a muscular partition that divides the ventral cavity into an upper and lower cavity.

question

MRI

answer

Magnetic Resonance Imaging An instrument with attached magnets that respond to hydrogen atoms in the body by sending signals to a computer, which analyses the info to produce 3D images.

question

mediastinum

answer

contains the large blood vessels located above the heart and a gland called the thymus gland.

question

midsagittal plane

answer

sagittal plane dividing the body down the center into equal portions.

question

parasagittal plane

answer

sagittal plane dividing the body down the center into unequal portions.

question

PET scan

answer

Positron Emission Tomography a procedure that detects the journey of a radioactive-labeled substance through the body.

question

sagittal plane

answer

vertical plane dividing the body into right and left portions

question

thoracic cavity

answer

houses the pericardial cavity alongside two pleural cavities each containing one lung

question

transverse plane

answer

horizontal plane dividing the body into superior and inferior portions

question

ultrasound imaging

answer

Also known as sonography it is the pulsation of harmless sound waves through a body region. Waves travel through tissue of various density and produce echoes that can be detected by a probe and interpreted by a computer

question

name the 4 main types of tissue

answer

1. epithelial 2. connective 3. muscle 4. nervous

question

organ/o

answer

tool

question

ec-, ecto-

answer

outside ectopic pregnancy

question

para-, par-

answer

alongside or abnormal

question

abras/o

answer

to rub away

question

actin-

answer

radiation

question

albin/o

answer

white

question

aut/o

answer

self

question

carcin/o

answer

cancer

question

cellul/o

answer

small sell

question

chondri-

answer

cartilage

question

chym/o

answer

juice

question

crypt/o

answer

hidden

question

derm/o, dermat/o

answer

skin

question

follicul/o

answer

follicle

question

hidr/o

answer

sweat

question

kerat/o

answer

horny tissue

question

melano/o

answer

black

question

myc/o

answer

fungus

question

onych/o

answer

nail

question

pedicul/o

answer

body louse

question

rhytid/o

answer

wrinkle

question

scier/o, scler/o

answer

thick, hard

question

trich/o

answer

hair

question

xer/o

answer

dry

question

-a

answer

singular form

question

-ae

answer

plural form

question

-ectomy

answer

surgical excision, removal

question

-ic

answer

pertaining to

question

-ion

answer

process

question

-ism

answer

condition of

question

-itis

answer

inflammation

question

-malacia

answer

softening

question

-oma

answer

tumor

question

-osis

answer

condition of or increase

question

-plasty

answer

surgical repair

question

-rrhea

answer

excessive discharge

question

-tome

answer

cutting instrument

question

abscess

answer

a localized elevation of the skin containing a cavity. The cavity contains a mixture of bacteria, white blood cells, damaged tissues and fluids collectively known as pus and is surrounded by inflammation tissue.

question

acne

answer

uncomfortable condition of the skin resulting from bacterial infection of sebaceous glands and ducts.

question

actinic keratosis

answer

a precancerous condition of the skin caused by exposure to sunlight. It forms skin lesions, resulting from over-growths of the epidermis, usually with a scaly surface.

question

albinism

answer

a genetic condition characterized by the reduction of the pigment melanin in the skin.

question

allograft

answer

another name for dermatoheteroplasty

question

alopecia

answer

a loss or lack of scalp hair, also known as baldness. In men it is know as male-pattern baldness.

question

autograft

answer

another name for dermatoautoplasty

question

biopsy

answer

minor surgery involving the removal of tissue for evaluation. It's common abbreviation is bx.

question

burn

answer

an injury to the skin caused by excessive exposure to fire, electricity, chemicals, or sunlight. Burn depths are recorded as 1) partial thickness, superficial 2) partial thickness, deep 3) full thickness.

question

carbuncle

answer

a skin infection composed of a cluster of boils. The most common source of infection is "staph"

question

carcinoma

answer

cancer

question

cellulite

answer

is a local uneven surface of the skin and is a sign of subcutaneous fat deposits.

question

cellulitis

answer

an inflammation of the connective tissue in the dermis.

question

chemical peels

answer

an alternative to dermabrasion in which a chemical agent is used to remove the outer epidermal layers to treat acne, wrinkles, and sun damaged skin.

question

cicatrix

answer

a clinical term for a scar. The plural form is cicatrices.

question

comedo

answer

a clinical term for a pimple. Its an elevation of skin arising from the buildup of oil from sebaceous glands.

question

contusion

answer

a discoloration and swelling of the skin symptomatic of an injury.

question

cyst

answer

a closed sac or pouch on the surface of the skin that is filled with liquid or semisolid material.

question

debridement

answer

the excision of foreign matter and unwanted tissue, cleaning of a wound.

question

dermabrasion

answer

form of cosmetic surgery where the skin is surgically changed to improve appearance.

question

dermatoautoplasty

answer

also known as autograft, it uses the patient's own skin as a graft, usually after it has grown in a media solution.

question

dermatoheteroplasty

answer

also known as allograft, it is an alternative to a dermatoautoplasty, by using a skin graft from another person.

question

dermatome

answer

an instrument used to cut thin slices of skin for grafting

question

dermatoplasty

answer

a general term for a surgical procedure of the skin where skin tissue is transplanted to the body surface.

question

edema

answer

a clinical term for fluid accumulation.

question

ecchymosis

answer

a condition of the skin caused by leaking blood vessels in the dermis, producing purplish patches of purpura larger in size than petechiae.

question

emollient

answer

a chemical agent that softens or smooths the skin. Antibiotics, retinoids, and ultraviolet light therapy cause similar effects on the epidermis.

question

erythema

answer

any redness of the skin

question

fissure

answer

a clinical term for a narrow break or slit in the skin.

question

furuncle

answer

an abscess associated with a hair follicle.

question

herpes

answer

a skin eruption producing clusters of deep blisters. 3 major types of herpes include oral herpes, genital herpes and shingles.

question

hidradenitis

answer

excessive perspiration or the inflammation of sweat glands.

question

liposuction

answer

the removal of sub-cutaneous fat by insertion of a device that applies a vacuum to pull the fat tissue out of the body. Exercise is a splendid alternative to this surgery....eat you're beets folks!

question

impetigo

answer

a contagious skin infection often caused by bacteria and characterized by the presence of golden crusts following the rupture of the vesicles.

question

induration

answer

a local hard area on the skin or perhaps elsewhere in the body

question

integumentary system

answer

forms the entire surface area of the body. It's dominating organ is the skin which is composed of 2 layers; the dermis and epidermis. Smaller accessory organs in the skin include hair follicles, nails, sebaceous glands, sweat glands, sensory receptors. It's primary function is protection.

question

jaundice

answer

an abnormal yellow coloration of the skin and eyes. Usually a SIGN of liver or gallbladder disease.

question

Kaposi's sarcoma

answer

a form of skin cancer arising from the connective tissue of the dermis. Indicated by the presence of brown or purple patches on the skin.

question

keloid

answer

an overgrowth of scar tissue that forms an elevated lesion on the skin.

question

laceration

answer

common result of an injury caused by a tear or perhaps a cut by a sharp object with an irregular surface.

question

leukoderma

answer

condition where skin becomes lighter in color due to reduced activity of the pigment-producing cell in the sun, the melanocytes.

question

macule

answer

a discolored flat spot on the skin surface, such as a freckle.

question

melanoma

answer

the most life-threatening skin cancer. Translated to "black cancer" it arises from the cells normally providing the pigment melanin to the skin, called melanocytes.

question

name three major forms of tinea

answer

1) tinea capitis- which forms on the scalp and can lead to alopecia. 2) tinea pedis- forms on the feet, known as athlete's foot. 3)tinea corporis- occurs anywhere else on the body.

question

name the four major types of dermatitis

answer

1) contact dermatitis- caused by physical contact with a triggering substance such as poison ivy. 2) seborrheic dermatitis- an inherited form characterized by excessive sebum production. 3) actinic dermatitis- caused by sunlight exposure. 4) eczema- a superficial form of dermatitis with flakiness of the epidermis

question

nevus

answer

a pigmented spot that is commonly called a mole.

question

onychopathy

answer

disease of the nail.

question

onychocryptosis

answer

condition when the nail becomes buried in the skin due to abnormal growth. also known as an ingrown toenail.

question

onychomalacia

answer

condition of the nail that makes it abnormally soft. Usually a sign of calcium or vitamin D deficiency.

question

onychomycosis

answer

a fungal infection of one or more nails.

question

paronychia

answer

condition of alongside the nail.

question

pallor

answer

an abnormal pale color of the skin, It's a sign of an internal condition causing a decrease flow of blood to the skin.

question

papule

answer

general term for any small, solid elevation on the skin. A pimple or comedo is an example

question

pediculosis

answer

occurs mostly on the scalp, where it is known as head lice, but may also be found in the pubic region and other parts of the body.

question

petechia

answer

sign of circulatory disorder. It occurs when a small blood vessel supplying the dermis of the skin ruptures.

question

pruritus

answer

symptom of itchy skin

question

psoriasis

answer

a painful, chronic disease of the skin characterized by the presence of red lesions covered with silvery epidermal scales.

question

purpura

answer

purple-red skin discoloration

question

pus

answer

consists of suppuration, purulence and pyogenesis.

question

pustule

answer

a general term for an elevated area of the skin filled with pus.

question

rhytidoplasty

answer

surgical repair of skin wrinkles.

question

scabies

answer

a skin eruption caused by the femal itch mite, which burrows into the skin to extract blood.

question

scleroderma

answer

is an abnormal thickening or hardness of the skin, caused by overproduction of collagen in the dermis.

question

S.L.E.

answer

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus a chronic progressive disease of connective tissue in many organs including the skin. Commonly called "lupus" it's characterized by red patches on the skin of the face and joint pain.

question

tinea

answer

a fungal infection of the skin. Often called ringworm due to the ring-shaped pattern on the skin that forms in response to the fungi.

question

trichopathy

answer

a fungal infection of the hair.

question

ulcer

answer

an erosion through the skin or mucous membrane.

question

urticaria

answer

common allergic skin reaction to medications, foods, infection, or injury produces small fluid-filled skin elevations.

question

verruca

answer

a wart

question

vesicle

answer

a small elevation of the epidermis that is filled with fluid. A blister is an example of a vesicle.

question

wheal

answer

a temporary, itchy elevation of the skin, often with a white center and red perimeter.

question

xeroderma

answer

Characterized by abnormally dry skin, xeroderma is caused by hyposecreation of the oil glands and is an inherited condition.

Medical Terminology Ch. 3, 4, 5 – Flashcards

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