McGraw Hill World Geography Chapter 1: Geographer’s Tools – Flashcards
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Great Circle Route
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an imaginary line that follows the curve of the Earth and represents the shortest distance between two points
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Map Projection
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a mathematical formula used to represent the curved surface of the Earth on the flat surface of a map
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Planar Projections
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a map created by projecting an image of the Earth onto a geometric plane
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Cylindrical Projection
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a map created by projecting Earth's image on a cylinder
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Conic Projection
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a map created by projecting an image of the Earth onto a cone placed over part of an Earth model
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Absolute Location
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the exact position of a place on the Earth's surface
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Relative location
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location in relation to other places
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Elevation
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the height of a land surface above the level of the sea
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Relief
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the variation in elevation across an area of Earth's land
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Thematic map
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a map that emphasizes a single idea or a particular kind of information about an area
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Global positioning system (GPS)
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a navigational system that can determining absolute location by using satellites and receivers on Earth
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Geographic information systems (GIS)
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computer programs that process and organize details about places on Earth and integrate those details with satellite images and other pieces of information
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Remote Sensing
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the science of obtaining information about an object or an area from a distance, typically from instruments in aircraft or satellites
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Spatial perspective
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a way of looking at the human and physical patterns on Earth and their relationships to one another
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Site
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the specific location of a place, including its physical setting
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Situation
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the geographic position of a place in relation to other places or features of a large region
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Formal Region
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a region defined by a common characteristic, such as production of a product
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Functional Region
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a central place and the surrounding territory linked to it
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Perceptual Region
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a region defined by popular feelings and images rather than by objective data
