question

Microorganisms are involved in each of the following processes EXCEPT A)O2 production. B)infection. C)smog production. D)food production. E)decomposition of organic material.

answer

C

question

Each of the following organisms would be considered a microbe EXCEPT A)protozoan. B)yeast. C)mushroom. D)bacterium. E)virus.

answer

C

question

3) The term used to describe a disease-causing microorganism is A)pathogen. B)bacterium. C)microbe. D)virus. E)infection

answer

A

question

Common commercial benefits of microorganisms include synthesis of A) antibiotics. B) insulin. C) aspirin. D) antibiotics and aspirin. E) antibiotics and insulin.

answer

E

question

Commercial utilization of microbial products has become increasingly popular due to their environmentally friendly nature. Removal of these products from the environment typically utilizes A) soap. B) organic solvents. C) enzymes. D) alcohol. E) organic acids.

answer

C

question

The formal system for classifying and naming organisms was developed by A) Louis Pasteur. B) Carolus Linnaeus. C) Ignaz Semmelweis. D) Aristotle. E) Robert Koch.

answer

B

question

In the name Staphylococcus aureus, aureus is the A) kingdom. B) genus. C) domain name. D) specific name. E) family name.

answer

D

question

A prokaryotic cell may possess each of the following cellular components EXCEPT A) a cell membrane. B) a nucleus. C) flagella. D) a cell wall. E) ribosomes.

answer

B

question

Which of the following is NOT associated with viruses? A) nucleic acid B) capsid C) envelope D) spikes E) organelles

answer

E

question

The bacterial shape of the cells in Figure 1.1 would best be described as A) bacillus. B) spiral. C) columnar. D) coccus. E) ovoid.

answer

A

question

Protozoan motility structures include A) pseudopods. B) cilia. C) flagella. D) cilia and pseudopods only. E) cilia, flagella, and pseudopods.

answer

E

question

Viruses are not considered living organisms because they A) cannot reproduce by themselves. B) are ubiquitous in nature. C) can only be visualized using an electron microscope. D) typically associated with disease. E) are structurally very simple.

answer

A

question

The infectious agent that causes AIDS is a A) virus. B) mold. C) bacterium. D) yeast. E) protozoan.

answer

A

question

Which of the following is NOT a domain in the three-domain system? A) archaea B) eukarya C) bacteria D) animalia

answer

D

question

Classification of organisms into three domains is based on A) cellular organization. B) the number of cells in the organism. C) nutritional requirements. D) the presence of a cell wall. E) cellular proteins.

answer

A

question

Archaea differ from bacteria in that archaea A) reproduce by binary fission. B) lack nuclei. C) are prokaryotic. D) use organic compounds for food. E) have diverse cell wall compositions.

answer

E

question

Who is credited with first observing cells? A) Robert Hooke B) Robert Koch C) Anton van Leeuwenhoek D) Carolus Linnaeus E) Louis Pasteur

answer

A

question

Who is credited with first observing microorganisms? A) Robert Koch B) Anton van Leeuwenhoek C) Carolus Linnaeus D) Louis Pasteur E) Robert Hooke

answer

B

question

Biogenesis refers to the A) development of aseptic technique. B) spontaneous generation of organisms from nonliving matter. C) development of life forms from preexisting life forms. D) germ theory of disease.

answer

C

question

If you were setting up an experiment to disprove spontaneous generation in a liquid medium, which of the following would be essential to the experiment? A) adding carbon dioxide to the liquid B) starting with a liquid that contains microorganisms C) using a sterile liquid and eliminating exposure to microorganisms D) adding antibiotics to the liquid E) supplying the liquid with nutrients

answer

C

question

The arguments supporting spontaneous generation were finally disproved by A) Francesco Redi. B) John Needham. C) Rudolf Virchow. D) Louis Pasteur. E) Lazzaro Spallanzani.

answer

D

question

Regarding Louis Pasteur's experiments with the S-neck flask, which of the following statements is TRUE? A) A food source was provided. B) All preexisting microorganisms were killed. C) Air exchange was involved. D) The possibility of contamination was removed. E) All of the answers are correct.

answer

E

question

The microbial process of converting sugars to alcohol is known as A) alcoholism. B) fermentation. C) pasteurization. D) lyophilization. E) tyndallization.

answer

B

question

Proof that a microbe could cause disease was provided by A) Wasserman. B) Lister. C) Semmelweis. D) Pasteur. E) Koch.

answer

E

question

The use of phenol (carbolic acid) as a wound disinfectant was first practiced by A) Semmelweis. B) Koch. C) Pasteur. D) Holmes. E) Lister.

answer

E

question

Mycology is the study of A) mushrooms. B) protozoa. C) mycoplasma. D) molds. E) molds, yeast, and mushrooms

answer

E

question

The first step for directly linking a microbe to a specific disease according to Koch's postulates is to A) inject a sample of blood or other body fluid from a diseased animal into a healthy animal. B) isolate microbes from the blood of healthy animals. C) obtain a sample of blood or other body fluid from a diseased animal. D) culture the blood or other body fluid from a diseased animal using nutrient medium. E) compare the blood of a sick animal to blood obtained from a healthy animal.

answer

C

question

In which of the following situations would Koch's postulates be utilized? A) determination of the cause of a patient's illness in a hospital microbiology lab B) development of a new antibiotic in a pharmaceutical lab C) whenever the scientific method is used to investigate a microbiological problem D) formulation of a vaccine against a new pathogen in a genetic engineering lab E) determination of the cause of cancer in a patient

answer

A

question

Robert Koch identified the cause of A) diphtheria. B) AIDS. C) anthrax. D) tuberculosis. E) smallpox.

answer

C

question

________ is the physician first associated with vaccination. A) Escherich B) Jenner C) Pasteur D) Lister E) Koch

answer

B

question

Which of the following findings was essential for Edward Jenner's vaccination process? A) A weakened microorganism will not cause disease. B) Exposure to a milder disease form may produce immunity. C) Someone who recovers from a disease will not acquire that disease again. D) Pathogenic microorganisms infect all humans and animals in the same manner. E) Disease is caused by viruses.

answer

B

question

Antibiotics are produced by A) bacteria. B) viruses. C) protozoa. D) fungi. E) bacteria and fungi.

answer

E

question

The first antibiotic to be utilized was A) penicillin. B) salvarsan. C) quinine. D) vancomycin. E) sulfonamides.

answer

A

question

Who was the first scientist to pursue a "magic bullet" that could be used to treat infectious disease? A) Pasteur B) Ehrlich C) Semmelweis D) Jenner E) Lister

answer

B

question

Fungal infections are studied by A) bacteriologists. B) parasitologists. C) mycologists. D) virologists. E) herpetologists.

answer

C

question

Vaccinations are available for all of the following diseases EXCEPT A) mumps. B) hepatitis B. C) strep throat. D) rubella. E) measles.

answer

C

question

Recombinant DNA refers to the A) study of the function of genes. B) interaction between human and bacterial cells. C) DNA resulting when bacterial genes are inserted in an animal genome. D) synthesis of proteins from genes. E) study of bacterial ribosomes.

answer

C

question

Molecular biology is the study of A) the structure and function of macromolecules essential to life. B) DNA synthesis. C) protein synthesis. D) enzyme function. E) RNA replication.

answer

A

question

Microorganisms are essential to our life. Each of the following is an example of a beneficial function of microorganisms EXCEPT A) increased morbidity. B) gene therapy. C) agriculture. D) bioremediation. E) alternative fuel production.

answer

A

question

The major food producers for other living organisms is/are A) higher plants. B) cyanobacteria. C) algae. D) higher plants and algae. E) higher plants, cyanobacteria, and algae

answer

E

question

Gene therapy is currently used to treat all of the following diseases EXCEPT A) severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID). B) LDL-receptor deficiency. C) Duchenne's muscular dystrophy. D) colon cancer. E) cystic fibrosis.

answer

D

question

Recombinant DNA technology has become an increasingly important part of our life. It is used for all of the following EXCEPT A) increasing the nutritional value of food. B) vaccine production. C) enhancing food longevity. D) synthesis of water. E) drug production.

answer

D

question

Normal microbiota are typically found in and on all the following body locations EXCEPT the A) blood. B) colon. C) mouth. D) upper respiratory system. E) skin.

answer

A

question

Which of the following statements about biofilms is FALSE? A) Biofilms in your body protect mucous membranes from harmful microbes. B) Biofilms in pipes can block the flow of water. C) Biofilms on rocks provide food for animal life. D) Biofilms on medical devices cause infections. E) Compared to free-living bacteria, biofilms are more sensitive to antibiotics.

answer

E

question

Development of emerging infectious disease can be a result of all of the following EXCEPT A) overuse of antibiotics. B) modern transportation. C) changes in the environment. D) microbial mutation. E) use of genetically modified foods.

answer

E

question

Infectious disease is almost totally eradicated in our world.

answer

F

question

A student has obtained a sample of pond water for study. Using the high-power lens, he observes several cells with nuclei. He can conclude that the cells are NOT bacteria.

answer

T

question

The process of pasteurization to reduce food spoilage utilizes high heat to kill all bacteria present.

answer

F

question

Anton van Leeuwenhoek was the first microbiologist to use a microscope to examine environmental samples for the presence of microorganisms

answer

T

question

Spontaneous generation refers to living cells arising only from other living cells.

answer

F

question

Microbes are associated with life-sustaining benefits as well as life-threatening diseases

answer

T

question

All cells possess a cell wall

answer

F

question

Some viruses can contain both DNA and RNA.

answer

F

question

Bovine spongiform encephalitis (BSE, or "mad cow disease") is caused by a virus

answer

F

question

All pathogens known to infect humans have been identified at this point in time.

answer

F

question

What is an emerging disease, and what are some of the sources for these "new" infectious diseases?

answer

Incidence has increased in the past 35 years. 12% of all human pathogens. Sources = Newly identified strains that evolved from a known infection(influenza) Or spread to a new population(wes-nile), or one undergoing ecological transformation(lyme desiese).

question

Compare and contrast prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

answer

Pro- No membrane bound nucleous or membrane bound oranelles. Usually have a cell wall with peptidoglycan. No cytoskelleton or cytoplasmic streaming. Euk- Yes nucleous yes organells. When it has a cell wall, is chemically simple. Has cytoskelleton and uses cytoplasmic streaming

question

What was the function and importance of S-necked flasks in Louis Pasteur's experiments in disproving spontaneous generation?

answer

the trap and the shape of the neck did not allow bacteria to enter the flask. In this case also.... There no bacterial growth. However, it did allow air to get to the bacteria. This disproved the theory of spontanious generation

question

Explain the germ theory of disease and discuss why this theory is essential to the treatment of infectious disease.

answer

The germ theory of disease states that some diseases are caused by microorganisms. These small organisms, too small to see without magnification, invade humans, animals, and other living hosts. Their growth and reproduction within their hosts can cause a disease. This is a pathogen. Germ theory is important because it creates the understanding or awareness of the physical existence of germs. Germ theory states that many diseases are caused by the presence and actions of specific micro-organisms within the human body. If the pathogen can be destroyed, the infection can be treated

question

6 types of microorganisms

answer

Bacteria P arcaea P fungi E protozoa E algae E viruses Not made of Cells

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