question

Which of the following are FALSE concerning microbes?

answer

The primary role of microbes on the planet involves causing disease in animals and humans.

question

How was disproving spontaneous generation associated with developing principles important to microbiology?

answer

Pasteur's experiments with swan-necked flasks supported the concept that microbes in the air were responsible for contaminating nonliving matter. Pasteur created an experiment in which air was allowed to enter the flasks but did not cause contamination of the broth, thereby disproving spontaneous generation.

question

Which of the following represents the correct format for the scientific name?

answer

Staphylococcus aureus. (Italicized). Scientific names are composed of the genus name, which is capitalized, and the species name, which is always lowercase. The entire scientific name is always underlined or italicized.

question

Consider an organism that is eukaryotic, found in both unicellular and multicellular forms, may resemble a plant but is not photosynthetic, has chitin in its cell walls, and absorbs organic nutrients from decomposing material in the environment. This organism would be classified as which of the following types of organisms?

answer

Fungi are eukaryotic organisms that are found in both unicellular forms (yeast) and multicellular forms (molds) and absorb nutrition from decomposing organic material.

question

The observations of Hooke and van Leeuwenhoek documenting the existence of microscopic cells formed the basis of what important theory?

answer

The cell theory stating that all living things are composed of cells. The microscopic observations of cells form the basis of the cell theory and the idea that all living things are composed of cells; cells are the structural and functional unit of living things.

question

A disease breaks out among sheep in California. A scientist takes blood from the sheep and grows a previously unknown organism. That organism is then injected into a healthy sheep. The healthy sheep becomes sick with the same symptoms as the original sheep and dies. That sheep's blood is then cultured, and the original organism is isolated. This applies the principles of __________.

answer

Koch's postulates. Koch's postulates rely on very specific factors and steps conducted to prove that a particular organism is the cause of a disease: 1. The causative agent must be isolated in every case of the disease. 2. The causative agent must be cultured outside the host. 3. When injected into a healthy, susceptible host, the host must get the disease. 4. The same etiologic agent must be cultured from the once healthy host when it becomes sick.

question

Which of the following is true about antibiotics?

answer

In some cases, antibiotics are able to kill pathogenic microbes without harming human cells. Because bacterial cells are prokaryotic and rely on different metabolic processes, some antimicrobials can target these cells without harming human eukaryotic cells.

question

Which of the following is true of microbes?

answer

Gene expression in bacteria is very similar to gene expression in humans, which facilitates the use of bacteria in recombinant biotechnology and gene therapy. Gene expression is similar for all living organisms. Bacteria have a tremendous role in biotechnology and recombinant DNA technology because the DNA is readily accessible for manipulat

question

All of the following factors contribute to the threat of emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) EXCEPT __________.

answer

vaccinations that control epidemiologic spread.

question

All of the following factors contribute to the threat of emerging infectious diseases (EIDs)

answer

1.)increased human exposure to new, unusual infectious agents in areas that are undergoing ecological changes, such as deforestation and construction . 2.)evolutionary changes to existing organisms through genetic changes 3.)spread of known diseases to new geographic regions or populations by modern transportation

question

Microorganisms are involved in each of the following processes EXCEPT. 1.)smog production. 2.)infection. 3.)O2 production. 4.)food production. 5.)decomposition of organic material.

answer

smog production.

question

Each of the following organisms would be considered a microbe EXCEPT. 1.)Mushroom. 2.) Protozoan. 3.)Virus. 4.) Yeast. 5.)Bacterium.

answer

Mushroom

question

The term used to describe a disease-causing microorganism is

answer

pathogen.

question

Microbes are associated with life-sustaining benefits as well as life-threatening diseases.

answer

true

question

The formal system for classifying and naming organisms was developed by

answer

Carolus Linnaeus.

question

A prokaryotic cell may possess each of the following cellular components EXCEPT. Ribosomes. A cell wall. A nucleus. A cell membrane. Flagella.

answer

A nucleus.

question

Which of the following is NOT associated with viruses?

answer

Organelles.

question

Protozoan motility structures include

answer

Cilia, flagella, and pseudopods.

question

Virus are not considered living organisms because they

answer

cannot reproduce by themselves.

question

A student has obtained a sample of pond water for study. Using the high-power lens, he observes several cells with nuclei. He can conclude that the cells are NOT bacteria.

answer

true

question

All cells possess a cell wall.

answer

false

question

The arguments supporting spontaneous generation were finally disproved by

answer

Louis Pasteur.

question

The microbial process of converting sugars to alcohol is known as

answer

fermentation.

question

The use of phenol (carbolic acid) as a wound disinfectant was first practiced by

answer

Lister.

question

In which of the following situations would Kochs postulates be utilized?

answer

determination of the cause of a patients illness in a hospital microbiology lab

question

Which of the following findings was essential for Edward Jenners vaccination process?

answer

Exposure to a milder disease form may produce immunity.

question

The first antibiotic to be utilized was

answer

penicillin.

question

Spontaneous generation refers to living cells arising only from other living cells.

answer

false

question

Microorganisms are essential to our life. Each of the following is an example of a beneficial function of microorganisms EXCEPT. 1)increased morbidity 2)alternative fuel production 3)agriculture 4)bioremediation 5)gene therapy

answer

1) increased morbidity

question

Commercial utilization of microbial products has become increasingly popular due to their environmentally friendly nature. Removal of these products from the environment typically utilizes

answer

enzymes.

question

Normal microbiota are typically found in and on all the following body locations EXCEPT 1)blood 2)upper respiratory system 3)skin 4)mouth 5)colon

answer

1) blood

question

Development of emerging infectious disease can be a result of all of the following EXCEPT 1)overuse of antibiotics. 2)modern transportation. 3)microbial mutation. 4)use of genetically modified foods. 5)changes in the environment.

answer

4)use of genetically modified foods.

question

Infectious disease is almost totally eradicated in our world.

answer

false

question

Bovine spongiform encephalitis (BSE or mad cow disease) is caused by a virus.

answer

false.The infectious agent in BSE is believed to be a specific type of misfolded protein called a prion.

question

All pathogens known to infect humans have been identified at this point in time.

answer

false.

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