Living With Computers Midterm – Flashcards
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What are the Four Basic Functions of a Computer?
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Input, Process, Output, Storage,
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A measure of a computer's ability to display intelligent behavior.
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Turing Test
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Used by first generation computers
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vacuum tubes
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A complex, integrated circuit that contains the processing unit.
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Microprocessor
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The binary code that can represent most currently used language characters and is the standard used on the internet.
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Unicode
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Desktop computers attached to a network in a business setting.
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Workstation
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Portable computer is thin and light, has high-end processing, and video capabilities, and a 13-15 in. screen.
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Subnotebook
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Consists of 24 satellites that transmits signal to determine the receiver's current location, time, and velocity through triangulation of the signals.
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GPS
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Perform complex mathematical calculations, such as those used in weather forecasting and medical research.
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Supercomputers
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A field of study in which information technology is applied to the field of biology.
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Bioinformatics
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An example of convergence.
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Smartphone
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TF: Today's computers use transistors and integrated circuits.
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False
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TF: Third-generation computers used vacuum tubes.
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False
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TF: Computers convert data into information using the Information Processing Cycle.
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True
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TF: Moore's Law states that the number of transistors that can be placed on an integrated circuit will double roughly every 18 years.
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False
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TF: Unicode contains codes for most of the languages in use today.
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True
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TF: Bioinformatics allies you to design your workspace for your comfort and health.
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False
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TF: All-in-one is another name for a tablet computer.
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False
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TF: Users connect to servers via clients.
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True
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TF: Volunteer computing projects harness the idle processing power of hundreds or thousands of personal computers.
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True
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TF: The idea that computers are all around us is called convergence.
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False
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A computer is just a programmable machine that converts raw________ into useful_____________.
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Data and Information
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A mechanical computer designed, but not built, in the early nineteenth century by mathematicians Charles Babbage.
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Analytical Engine
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The branch of science concerned with making computers behave like humans.
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Artificial Intelligence
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Developed in the 1960s, chips that contain large numbers of tiny transistors fabricated into a semiconducting material called silicon.
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integrated circuits
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A design that creates a work environment designed to reduce illnesses and musculoskeletal disorders.
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Ergonomics
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A system that represents digital data as a series of 0s and 1s that can be understood by a computer.
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Binary Code
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Consists of 8 bits and is used to represent a single character in modern computer system.
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Byte
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Computers that provide services, such as Internet access, email, amor file and print services, to client systems.
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Servers
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Shares the processing of a task across a group of computers.
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Distributed computers
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A network for delivering electricity to consumers that includes communication technology to manage electricity distribution efficiently.
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Smart Grid
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Which application would be the best choice for creating a budget?
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Spreadsheet
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Software that has the source code published and made available to the public--enabling anyone to copy, modify, and redistribute it without paying-- is called?
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Open Source
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Which object displays selected information?
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Report
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An online alternative to office application suites.
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Google Drive
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Software that helps you manage email, calendar, and tasks.
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Personal Information Management
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Programs that can be run from a flash drive.
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Portable apps
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The systems requirements for software includes:
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Amount of free drive space, amount of RAM, operating system version
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Which cloud computing service enables a company to use servers in the cloud instead of purchasing and maintaining them?
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Iaas
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Can be used for a limited period that allows the user to try it out before purchasing a license.
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Shareware
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A large, planned software update that addresses multiple problem, or adds multiple features.
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Service pack
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TF: In a business environment, Microsoft Excel is the most popular spreadsheet application.
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True
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TF: A field is the intersection of a row and a column in a spreadsheet.
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False
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TF: Apache OpenOffice can open and work with documents created in Microsoft Office.
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True
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TF: Documents created with a word processor can also contain images.
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True
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TF: A project management system enables a company to save, share, search, and audit electronic documents throughout their life cycle.
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False
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TF: A Gannt chart shows the schedule and progress of a project.
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True
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TF: If your computer doesn't meet the minimum system requirements for a piece of software, it will probably still run on your system.
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False
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TF: Trialware is a form of freeware where the developers accept donations, either for themselves or for a nonprofit organization.
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False
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TF: Web mail is an example of PaaS
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False
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TF: It is generally safe to download mobile apps from unknown sources.
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False
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An application that creates electronic worksheets composed of rows and columns.
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Spreadsheet
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A row of data in a database table that describes a particular entry in the database.
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Record
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A database object used to enter data into a database table.
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Form
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Is used to save, share, search, and audit electronic documents throughout their life cycle.
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Document Management System (DMS)
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Software that has its source code published and made available to the public, enabling anyone to copy, modify, and redistribute it.
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Open Source
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The minimum hardware and software specifications required to run a software application.
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System Requirements
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A form of freeware where developers accept donations, either for themselves or for a nonprofit organization.
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Donationware
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The license agreement between the software user and the software publisher.
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EULA (end-user license agreement)
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Part of cloud computing, the delivery of applications--or web apps-- over the internet.
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Software-As-A-Service (SaaS)
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A flaw in software programming.
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Bug
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The sequence of folders to a file or folder is known as its______________________.
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Path
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Which part of a File Explorer window contains commands to open and close the windows, as well as access to system help?
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File Tab
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What tool is used to find and organize files on a Mac?
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Finder
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What isn't a legal Windows file name?
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homework:ch_03..xlsx
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Which file extension indicates a Word document?
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.docx
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The backup utility included with Windows is called_________.
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File History
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Which type of image uses lossy compression to reduce file size?
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JPG
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Which search utility is included on a Mac?
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Spotlight
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Which Boolean operator excludes certain words from the search results?
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NOT
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What is the default program association for JPG files on Windows computer.
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Photos
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TF: Folders are containers that are used to organize files on your computer.
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True
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TF: Folders within folders are also called paths?
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False
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TF: The folder structure created by Windows is a library.
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False
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TF: Windows File Explorer is a tool used to navigate the Internet.
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False
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TF: You can change some of the properties of a file.
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True
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TF: If you change the file extensions of a file, you may be unable to open it.
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True
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TF: The Finder is a tool used in OS X to work with files and folders.
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True
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TF: A file compressed with a lossless compression algorithm can be decompressed to its original form.
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True
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TF: Searching using the Boolean operator AND limits the search results.
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True
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TF: The default program that opens a file can't be changed.
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False
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The process of opening, closing, saving, naming, deleting, and organizing digital files are collectively called_________________.
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File management
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The folder structure created by Windows.
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Hierarchy
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Is used to gather files that are located in different locations on a Windows computer.
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Library
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The second part of the file name. Which is assigned by the program that is used to create a file.
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File extension
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Information about a file, such as authors, size, type, and date, which can be used to organize, sort, and find files more easily.
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File property
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You should regularly_______________ your files for ease of recovering files in case of computer damages.
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Back up
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A procedure for solving a problem.
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algorithm
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Windows maintains an ______________ index of common files on your computer to speed up searching.
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Index
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AND, OR, NOT are used to create search filters.
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Boolean operators
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The program that's associated with a particular file type that automatically opens when a file of that type is double-clicked.
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Default program
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Part of the processor that manages the movement of data through the CPU.
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Control unit
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Consists of two or more processors that are integrated on a single chip.
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multi-core processor
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An interface on the motherboard that expansion cards plug in to.
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expansion slot
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Which type of memory is a volatile form of memory that holds the operating system, programs, and data the computer is currently using.
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RAM
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Data is stored on ______________ using a laser to either melt the disc material or change the color of embedded dye.
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optical discs
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An input device that may include one or more buttons and a scroll wheel and works by moving across a smooth surface to signal movement of the pointer.
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Mouse
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Measure human characteristics such as fingerprints and eye retinas.
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Biometric scanners
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What type of monitors is composed of extremely thin panels of organic molecules sandwiched between two electrodes?
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OLED
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What type of printer produces the highest quality text?
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Laser
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Are used to connect a computer to a telephone line for dial-up internet access.
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Modems
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TF: Pipelining requires multiple processors or cores.
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False
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TF: The terms CPU and SYSTEM UNIT mean the same thing.
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False
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TF: Bluetooth is a short-range, wireless technology used to connect peripheral devices to a computer.
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True
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TF: Random access memory (RAM) loses the information stored in it when power is turned off.
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True
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TF: SSDs store data optically.
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False
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TF: Hard drives store data magnetically on metal platters.
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True
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TF: QWERTY keyboards were designed to improve ergonomics.
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False
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TF: LCD monitors consists of two layers of glass that are glued together with a layer of liquid crystals between them.
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True
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TF: Adaptive technology includes the hardware and software used by individuals with disabilities to interact with technology.
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True
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TF: Analog signals are superior to digital signals because they don't have to be converted for use by computers and other digital devices.
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False
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A computer's clock speed is measured in____________.
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gigahertz (GHz)
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The ___________________ performs arithmetic (addition and subtraction) and logic (AND, OR, and NOT) calculations, and the __________________ manages the movement of data through the CPU.
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Arithmetic logic unit and control unit
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To keep the processor from overheating, a _____________ and cooling fan are installed above the processor to dissipate the heat the processor produces.
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Heat sink
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The main circuit board of a computer that houses the processor (CPU) and contains drive controllers and interfaces, expansion slots, data buses, ports and connectors, the BIOS, and memory.
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motherboard
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A device that can be plugged and unplugged without turning off the computer.
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Hot-swappable
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A program stored on a chip on the motherboard that is used to start up the computer.
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BIOS (Basic Input/ Output System)
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____________________ technology enables devices to share data with each other by touching them together or bringing them within a few centimeters of each other.
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Near field communication (NFC)
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A monitor composed of extremely thin panels of organic molecules sandwiched between two electrodes.
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OLED (Organic light-emitting diode)
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Printers that create objects such as prototypes and models.
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Three dimensional (3D) printers
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Used to connect a computer to a computer network
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network adapter
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Which is a function of an operating system?
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Provide user interface
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What OS feature enables an application to request services from the operating system, such as a request to print or save a file?
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Application Programming Interface
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Enables you to easily add new hardware to a computer system.
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Plug and Play
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Which operating system is an open source operating system distribution?
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Linux
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A limitation of Mac OS X
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Only runs on Mac computers
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Which Windows feature allows you to change, configure, monitor, or troubleshoot most system settings, hardware, and software?
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Control Panel
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Which mobile operating system is found on iPods, iPhones, and iPads?
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iOS
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Which is the most popular NOS found on web servers?
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Apache
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The process of preparing a disk to store files by dividing it into tracks and sectors.
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Formatting
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Which Windows utility should you use to reorganize the files on your disk to improve efficiency?
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Optimize Drives
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TF:You can use a computer without an operating system installed.
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False
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TF:The user interacts with the operating system through the use of a GUI.
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True
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TF:The OS communicates with software applications via device drivers.
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False
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TF: A popular version of Linux is iOS.
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False
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TF: You should use a guest account for everyday computing.
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False
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TF: Android is a mobile Linux operating system found on many smartphones and tablets.
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True
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TF: An NOS centralizes resources and security and provides services such as file and print services to clients.
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True
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TF: The file system used on hard disks in Windows is the NTFS file system.
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True
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TF: Malware is a computer program that's designed to be harmful.
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True
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TF: Disk-checking utilities monitor the health of the file system on a disk.
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True
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Acts as a translator, enhancing the capabilities of the operating system by enabling it to communicate with hardware.
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Device Driver
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The ability to do more than one task at a time.
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Multitasking
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Yosemite is a version of __________.
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Mac OS X
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Chrome and Ubuntu are popular distress of _____________.
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Linux
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Software that has its source code published and available to the public, enabling anyone to copy, modify, and redistribute it without paying fees.
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Open Source
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The programs that make up the ______________ are sometimes called applets.
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Control panel
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The OS in a smartphone or tablet is referred to as a _________________.
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Mobile operating system
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A multiuser operating system that controls the software and hardware running on a network.
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Network Operating System (NOS)
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Keeps track of what files are saved and where they're stored.
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File system
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Wishing a software. Blocks unauthorized access to an individual computer.
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Firewall
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A representation of a fact, figure, or idea.
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Data
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Data that has been organized or presented in a meaningful fashion (ex. powerpoint).
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Information
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Used by second generation computers.
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transistors
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Used by third generation computers.
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integrated circuits
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Used by fourth generation computers.
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Microprocessor
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Grants a license, EULA (end user license agreement), ownership remains with the software publisher.
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Proprietary License
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Grants ownership, source code must be freely available, can be modified and redistributed.
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Open Source license
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Allows you to enter data & instructions
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Input Devices
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Keyboard, Mouse, Microphone, Scanner, Digital Camera, and Stylus.
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Input Devices
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Sends data out of your computer.
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Output devices
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Monitor, Printer, Speakers
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Output devices
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Enables you to point to and click on graphic objects such as icons and buttons to initiate commands.
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Graphical user interface (GUI)
