Lit Final Exam - Flashcards

Q: A major factor in bringing non-Western cultures to the attention of Europeans was

a. advancing colonialism. b. the World\'s Fairs. c. documentary photography.

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CHAPTER 30 What author offered realistic (and sentimental) depictions of nineteenth-century society in works such as David Copperfield?

answer

Charles Dickens

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In the Communist Manifesto, Marx and Engels prophesized that a revolution would make the ________ the new ruling class

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proletariat

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The Naturalistic novels of Zola were grounded in his belief that human beings were _______

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products of their environment and their heredity

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Who called for a new morality that privileged the "superman"?

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Nietzsche

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What author is credited with inventing the modern novel with his "Madame Bovary"?

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Flaubert

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What was NOT an innovation of the nineteenth century?

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the novel

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artist—whose subject matter was individuals in ordinary settings—who challenged, "Show me an angel and I'll paint one"

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Courbet

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The Social Realist who is primarily associated with the medium of lithography

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Daumier

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Impressionism took its title from a painting by _____

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Monet

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Impressionist painters drew largely on _____ for their subject matter

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the urban scene

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The artist who became infatuated with unspoiled nature, especially as it existed in Tahiti (where he relocated after abandoning his job and family) was _____

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Gauguin

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What had the greatest influence on late-nineteenth-century European Postimpressionism? Japanese prints

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Japanese prints

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The music of ________ was heavily influenced by the Symbolists and Impressionists

answer

Debussy

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Characteristic of the music of Debussy is

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the use of shifting harmonies

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The names Matthew Brady and Eadweard Muybridge are associated with

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photography

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Who brought a new level of realism into opera?

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Puccini's verismo operas

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What artist wished to "redo nature after Poussin," and whose later work anticipated twentieth-century abstract art?

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Cézanne

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A major factor in bringing non-Western cultures to the attention of Europeans was

answer

a. advancing colonialism. b. the World's Fairs. c. documentary photography.

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What city emerged as the center of Western artistic productivity in the last quarter of the nineteenth century?

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Paris

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Realists focused primarily on

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Society

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Colonialism had as its primary motivating force the

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need for materials and markets

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Which nation established colonies throughout the world during the 19th century?

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England

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People who organize, manage, and assume risks of a business are

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entrepreneurs

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Who is the author of the Communist Manifesto?

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Marx

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The author of the Communist Manifesto argues that the "history of all existing societies is the history of

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class struggles

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According to the Communist Manifesto, which social group will rebel because they are deprived of money, land, and power?

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proletariat

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Which writer described women of all classes as the unwilling subjects of more powerful males?

answer

Mill

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Who is the most popular British novelist during the nineteenth century who described the conditions of the working class?

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Charles Dickens

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In Flaubert's novel, Emma Bovary meets with disaster as she

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tries to inject romance into her everyday life

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John Stuart Mill wrote that men do not simply want obedience from women (as men might demand from slaves) but women's _______________ as well.

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sentiments

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In "The Story of an Hour" by Kate Chopin, Mrs. Mallard discovers in her mourning what is "the strongest impulse of her being," namely,

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her freedom to choose

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Dostoevsky is the author of

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Crime and Punishment

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"When the doctors came they said she had died of heart disease—of joy that kills." This is an excerpt from the author

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Kate Chopin

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An example of a feminist drama is

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A Doll's House

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The "doll" whom Ibsen described in his play was Nora, who had been

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under the authority of first her father, then her husband

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Which invention altered the way that artists portrayed nature in their art during the realistic era?

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camera

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Who challenged the acute subjectivity, exoticism and escapism that typified romanticism?

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realists

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Who created lithographs that satirized technology, the pretentions of thenouveaux riches, politicians, and the French Salon.

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Daumier

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Which of the following paintings featured a short, stocky prostitute wearing only a black ribbon and satin slippers?

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Olympia

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Which painting illustrated the artist's interest in African-Americans?

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The Gulf Stream

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The French painter who scandalized the public by presenting traditional themes in unconventional ways is

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Manet

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The poem "The White Man's Burden" highlighted which of the following?

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racial superiority

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According to Marx, who is responsible for feudal and patriarchal form of social order?

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bourgeoisie

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What building material revolutionized architecture and led to the development of sky scrapers?

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steel

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Which of the following operas is considered to be a verismo-style opera?

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La Bohème

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Who is an African American painter who realistically portrayed simple, everyday events in genre paintings?

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Tanner

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Harnett's The Artist's Letter Rack is an example of

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still life

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Which type of art is produced when an image is first drawn or painted with an oil-based crayon or pencil on a smooth limestone surface?

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lithography

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Matthew Brady is primarily known for his

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photographs

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CHAPTER 31 Discoveries in the physics of _________ profoundly influenced the late nineteenth-century cultural community. (sound, light, fusion, or time)

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Light

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The French artist whose painting gave a name to the impressionist school was (Manet, Maeterlinck, Mallarme, Monet)

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Monet

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Impressionist painters believed that paint should be applied in (clear lines, pure brush strokes of color, shadings of clashing impastos, invisible brush strokes)

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pure brush strokes of color

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Who is the German philosopher who rejected organized religion, attacked Christianity and other institutionalized religions that contributed to the formation of "slave morality"? (Nietzsche, Freud, Darwin, Hegel)

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Nietzsche

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Late nineteenth-century painters looked to Japanese woodblock prints for all the following EXCEPT (flat bold colors, startling perspectives, forceful calligraphy, heroic subject matter)

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heroic subject matter

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The American impressionist whose work did much to popularize that artistic style in North America was (Mary Cassatt, Stéphane Mallarmé, Vincent van Gogh)

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Mary Cassatt

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The French artist who became entranced with unspoiled nature, especially as it existed in Tahiti, was (Paul Verlaine, Vincent Rimbaud, Paul Gauguin, Stéphane Mallarmé)

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Paul Gauguin

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This French philosopher of the late nineteenth century argued that all reality is constantly in the process of evolving and can only be understood intuitively. (Bergson, Freud, Jung, Verlaine)

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Bergson

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Which artistic style originated in Belgium and is an ornamental style influenced by the English Arts and Crafts movement and by art of the Middle Ages? (impressionism, post-impressionism, expressionism, art nouveau)

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art nouveau

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The "father of modern painting," who was more concerned with the composition and technique of a painting than its content, was __________. (Seurat, Cézanne, Manet, Degas)

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Cézanne

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The Dutch postimpressionist who expressed his reaction to a subject rather than to its physical appearance was (Maurice Maeterlinck, Stéphane Mallarmé, Vincent van Gogh, Paul Claudel)

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Vincent van Gogh

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According to Nietzsche, what has led Europe to decadence and decline? (religion, impressionistic art, transcendental philosophy, materialism)

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materialism

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Who declared that God is dead? (Verlaine, Jung, Stéphane Mallarmé, Nietsche)

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Nietsche

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Which of the following poets was not a symbolist poet? (Stéphane Mallarmé, Ferdinand Hodler, Vincent Rimbaud, Paul Verlaine)

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Ferdinand Hodler

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The impressionist composer who was inspired by the five tone scale of East Asian music was (Nijinsky, Chopin, Debussy, Wagner)

answer

Debussy

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Debussy's Prelude to "The Afternoon of the Faun" is a musical interpretation of a poem written by (Stéphane Mallarmé, Vincent van Gogh, Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, Victor Horta)

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Stéphane Mallarmé

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The artist most closely associated with the colorist style known as pointillism is __________. (Degas, Monet, Seurat, Renoir)

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Seurat

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Which artist chose lily ponds and his lavish gardens in Giverny as subjects of his paintings? (Manet, Seurat, Degas, Monet)

answer

Monet

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In which urban setting did Renoir depict the idle pleasures of dancers and diners? (Two Dancers on a Stage, At the Moulin-Rouge, Dejeuner sur l'herbe, Le Moulin de la Galette)

answer

Le Moulin de la Galette

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Which artist frequently portrayed ballerinas, horse racing, and the theatre? (Pissaro, Degas, Renoir, Corot)

answer

Degas

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Paris boulevards at various times of the year and during different lighting is a favorite subject in the art by _________. (Pissaro, Renoir, Cezanne, Toulouse-Lautrec)

answer

Pissaro

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Which type of art feature flat, unmodulated colors, undulating lines, asymmetrical compositions, and daring use of negative space? (Tahitian art, African art, Chinese art, Japanese art)

answer

Japanese art

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Which artist preferred to portray indoor domestic scenes and interactions between mothers and children? (Tori Kiyonobu, Cassatt, Toulouse-Lautrec, Cezanne)

answer

Cassatt

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Rodin was primarily a(n) (architect, watercolor artist, sculptor, landscape artist that focused on sunflowers and farmers)

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sculptor

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Vincent van Gogh, Gauguin, Seurat and Cezanne were ( impressionistic artists, surrealistic artists, post-impressionistic artists, Art Nouveau artists)

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post-impressionistic artists

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What is the prevailing artistic theme that influenced French art in the last quarter of the nineteenth century? (Pleasure is more desirable than essence, art for art's sake, God and nature are one, Man is the center of the universe.)

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art for art's sake

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According to Bergson, ________________ controls humans. (God, intuition, chance, the devil)

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intuition

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The following excerpt is from which of the following literary works? I would immortalize these nymphs: so bright Their sunlit coloring, so airy light, It floats like drowing down. Love I a dream? ("The Gay Science", "Twilight of the Idols", "Time and Freewill", "The Afternoon of a Faun")

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"The Afternoon of a Faun"

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Who choreographed Debussy's "Prelude to Afternoon of the Faun"? (Martha Graham, Vaslav Nijinsky, Isadora Duncan, Alvin Alley)

answer

Vaslav Nijinsky

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To increase luminosity in his painting "Impression: Sunrise," Monet coated his canvas with egg yolk. (True, False)

answer

False

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CHAPTER 32 Max Planck is a pioneer in the field of (astronomy, chemistry, quantum physics, medicine)

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quantum physics

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Who developed the theory of relativity? (Albert Einstein, John Newton, Max Plack, Werner Heisenberg)

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Albert Einstein

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Which of the following is not an imagist poet? (Amy Lowell, Hilda Doolittle, Ezra Pound, Robert Frost)

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Robert Frost

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Haiku is an example of (sculpture, calligraphy, Japanese poetry, an elegy)

answer

Japanese poetry

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Which Imagist poet was influenced by the haiku style? (Ezra Pound, Amy Lowell, James Joyce, Hilda Doolittle)

answer

Ezra Pound

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Which of the following is a characteristic of imagist poetry? (blank verse rhythms, sentimental tone, free verse rhythms, fixed rhyme)

answer

free verse rhythms

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Robert Frost preferred to write (imagist poetry, lyric poetry, haiku, epic poetry)

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lyric poetry

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Picasso was born in (France, Tahiti, Algeria, Spain)

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Spain

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Picasso's painting Les Demoiselles d'Avignon demonstrates the influence of (African art, realism, impressionism, Indian art)

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African Art

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Picasso borrowed which tradition from Cezanne? (expressionism, empiricism, didacticism, cubism)

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cubism

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Which of the following paintings is an example of a collage? (Les Demoiselles d'Avignon, Still Life on a Table, Man with a Violin, Bird in Flight)

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Still Life on a Table

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Another cubist painter is (Georges Braque, Henri Matisse, Giacomo Balla, Constantin Brancusi)

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Georges Braque

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Alexander Archipenko's sculpture Woman Combing Her Hair includes (pointilism, sheet metal and wire, wood and stone, negative space)

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negative space

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Which of the following art movements demonstrated an intimate relationship between modern science and modern art? (imagists, futurism, symbolists, fauvism)

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futurism

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Umberto Boccioni's Unique Forms of Continuity in Space illustrates (motion, color, nationalism, fauvism)

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motion

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"Fauve" literally means (ugly, wild beast, modern, fault)

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wild beast

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Who is the artist who expressed his scorn of art, "Exactitude is not truth." (Renoir, Brancusi, Matisse, Picasso)

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Matisse

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Fauve artists explored the expressions of (line, negative space, color, texture)

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color

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Brancusi is a (painter, sculptor, architect, cinematographer)

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sculptor

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Which of the following paintings is an example of nonobjective art? (Dynamism of a Dog on a Leash, Bird in Space, The Dance, Panel for Edwin Campbell No. 1.)

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Panel for Edwin Campbell No. 1.

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Constructivism originated in (Italy, Spain, Russia, Switzerland)

answer

Russia

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Who was the artist who primarily used three colors in his art: yellow, red, and blue? (Picasso, Malevich, Kandinsky, Mondrian)

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Mondrian

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What are basic elements of twentieth century architecture? (wood and steel, steel and glass, iron and stone, marble and sandstone)

answer

steel and glass

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Which architect blended architecture with natural elements as well as low, cantilevered roofs, brick, rock and ? (Frank Lloyd Wright, Louis Sullivan, Walter Gropius, De Stijl)

answer

Frank Lloyd Wright

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Which of the following forms of architecture originated in Germany? (Prairie Style, Second Empire, Bauhaus, Corbusier)

answer

Bauhaus

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The serial technique is an atonal musical composition developed by (Schoenberg, Prokofiev, Stravinsky, Debussy)

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Schoenberg

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Which musical composition caused a riot when it was performed? (Pierrot Lunaire, Prelude to the Afternoon of the Faun, Rite of Spring, Bluebeard's Castle)

answer

Rite of Spring

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Einstein's theory of relativity asserted that: A: in studying subatomic particles, time and space were relative B: planetary movement could not be accurately calculated C: the earth's rotational speed depended on the time year D: all of Galileo's theories were inaccurate.

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in studying subatomic particles, time and space were relative

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The American poet who exalted individualism in his lyric works by affirming that he took the road "less traveled" was (Ezra Pound, Carl Sandburg, Robert Frost, Walt Whitman)

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Robert Frost

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The celebrated Les Demoiselles d'Avignon shocked observers because: A: it depicted women with unprecedented brutality B: portrayed nudity in exceptional detail C: its subjects wore Japanese warrior masks D: it featured unusual colors for skin tones

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it depicted women with unprecedented brutality

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Nonobjective art as practiced by Malevich, Kandinsky, and Mondrian eliminated __________ from art. (nudity, color, subject matter, brushstrokes)

answer

subject matter

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In general, twentieth century music rejected all except which of the following elements? (lyric melody, traditional tonality, free use of meter, traditional harmonies)

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free use of meter

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What type of art is associated with Matisse?

answer

Fauvism

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What is the artistic style of Brancusi's Bird in Space?

answer

Abstract sculpture

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Which artist created "suprematist elements" in his art, as in his painting Suprematist Composition: White on White?

answer

Kasimir Malevich

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Which Dutch artist is associated with De Stijl art movement that focused on painting primary colors arranged in grids?

answer

Piet Mondrian

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Who is the architect associated with the Prairie School who designed Fallingwater?

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Frank Lloyd Wright

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What the characteristics of early 20th century music?

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polytonal, polyrhythmic

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CHAPTER 33 Freud theorized that the __________ governed human behavior. (cerebrum, libido, temporal lobe, cerebellum)

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libido

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According to Freud, we are able to probe our subconscious mind with (dreams, writing, drawing pictures, medication)

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dreams

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Which part of the psyche is the "manager" that administers our instincts? (id, ego, superego)

answer

ego

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According to Civilization and Its Discontents, people are sometimes dominated (approval, ethical behavior, censure, pleasure)

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pleasure

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Which one of Freud's disciples developed a theory of collective unconscious? (Carl Jung, Charles Darwin, Alfred Adler, Ivan Pavlov)

answer

Carl Jung

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A motif that is an example of "the child-god," "the hero," and "the wise old man," are examples of a(n) (archetype, rondo, ideé fixe, sublimation)

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archetype

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A la Recherche du temps perdu is written by (Freud, James, Kafka, Proust)

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Proust

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The character in Swann's Way is able to recapture a lost memory after he (hears a song, has a dream, eats a cake, participates in psychoanalysis)

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eats a cake

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Gregor Samsa, in Kafka's "The Metamorphosis" awakens and discovers that he has been transformed into a (butterfly, eagle, swan, beetle)

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beetle

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The narrative style of A la Recherche du temps perdu, "The Metamorphosis," and Ulysses employs the literary device of (stream of consciousness, omniscience, third person point of view, omnipotence)

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stream of consciousness

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Whose philosophies influence theatrical performance with method acting? (Kafka, Joyce, Freud, Proust)

answer

Freud

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A poem produced in the shape of external objects, such as watches, neckties, and pigeons is a form of (haiku, concrete poem, senryu, free verse)

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concrete poem

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Which American poet wrote poetry that violated grammar, spelling, and punctuation rules? (Frost, cummings, Stein, Pound)

answer

cummings

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Expressionist artists created a style that featured ( pastel colors, huge patches of white, collage, distorted forms)

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distorted forms

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Edvard Munch's paintings are (impressionistic, futuristic, realistic, expressionistic)

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expressionistic

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Expressionism started in (England, Holland, Spain, Germany)

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Germany

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"Dada" literally means (nonsense, atonal, hobbyhorse, memory)

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hobbyhorse

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André Breton asserted in the "Surrealist Manifesto" that the artist should be liberated from ____________ and the demands of conventional society. (religion, laws, reason, emotion)

answer

reason

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Which surrealistic artist portrayed organic signs and sacred signs including flowers, fish, and human figures in his art? (Miró, Dali, Klee, Magritte)

answer

Klee

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Dali's painting "The Persistence of Memory" features (fish, nudes, cigars, watches)

answer

watches

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Which artist explored her pain and suffering in her art? (Hannah Höch, René Magritte, Georgia O'Keefe, Frida Kahlo)

answer

Frida Kahlo

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Who is the artist who featured biomorphic shapes derived from greatly enlarged flowers and bleached animal bones? (O'Keefe, Höch, Miró, Oppenheim)

answer

O'Keefe

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Juxtaposed bits and pieces of photographic images is a (found-art, photo-realism, photomontage, photo-surrealism)

answer

photomontage

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What therapeutic method did Freud develop that reveals emotional disturbances? (hypnosis, drug therapy, shock therapy, psychoanalysis)

answer

psychoanalysis

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Freud argued that neuroses and psychoses were illnesses that required medical treatment. True False

answer

True

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According to Freud, pleasure is not the primary goal of most humans. True False

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False

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The focus of Proust'sRemembrance of Things Past is primarily external. True False

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False

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James Joyce's novel Ulysses is an allusion to Homer's Iliad. True False

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False

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Irrational and antirational forces of the superego became the subject and inspiration of expressionism and surrealism. True False

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False

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Edvard Munch was an admirer of _________. (Freud, Ibsen, Proust, Jung)

answer

Ibsen

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Which of the following is NOT an expressionist artist? (Munch, de Chirico, Kirchner)

answer

de Chirico

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Giorgio de Chirico is a member of the Die Brucke artists. True False

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False

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Giorgio de Chirico pioneered a style he called "metaphysical." True False

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True

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Kirchner's art combined memories of his life in Russia and included folk motifs and superimposed images that float in space and defy the rules of gravity. True False

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False

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Data art is often improvised art. True False

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True

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The theater of cruelty was influenced by the expressionist artists. True False

answer

False

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Marcel Duchamp constructed the first mobile work of art. True False

answer

True

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Found objects are frequently used by (Miro, Duchamp, O'Keefe, Oppenheim)

answer

Duchamp

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The poet, Gillaume Apollinaire, coined the word (dada, expressionism, surrealism, metaphysical art)

answer

surrealism

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Surrealistic art relied on the liberating principles of automatism. True False

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True

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Miro and Georgia O'Keefe included biomorphic shapes in their art. True False

answer

True

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Trompe l'oeil is effectively used in Klee's "Fish Magic" painting. True False

answer

False

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Which of the following artists stated "I am the subject I know best"? (Frida Kahlo, Georgia O'Keefe, Salvadore Dali, Meret Oppenheim)

answer

Frida Kahlo

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The Shoenberg musical composition, "Pierrot Lunaire" is an example of a (opera, motet, serial composition, Sprechstimm)

answer

Sprechstimme

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Freud asserted that sublimation is the positive modification and redirection of primal urges of the ego. True False

answer

True

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According to Freud, religion is considered to be mass-delusion. True False

answer

True

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Kafka's novel, 'A la rechrche du temps perdu' is a novel that explores psychology in space and time. True False

answer

False

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Who is the author of 'Remembrance of Things Past' who employed stream-of-consciousness narrative techniques?

answer

Marcel Proust

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CHAPTER 34 Wilfred Owen described the horrors of (World War I, the Civil War, World War II, the Korean War)

answer

World War I

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Erich Marie Remarque described the effects of war on a ________ soldier. (American, German, French, Russian)

answer

German

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"Dulce Et Decorum Est" and the excerpt from 'All Quiet on the Western Front' describe a(n) (execution, court martial, sniper attack, chemical warfare attack)

answer

chemical warfare attack.

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Yeats' poem "The Second Coming" is (optimistic, pessimistic, humorous, a vivid depiction of warfare in the trenches)

answer

pessimistic

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Max Ernst and George Grosz expressed their dissatisfaction with social conditions within (Russia, France, Germany, Hungary.)

answer

Germany

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Who succeeded Tsar Nicholas II as the Russian leader? (Marx, Stalin, Lenin, Hitler.)

answer

Lenin

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Which of the following novels is an example of social realism? (The Grapes of Wrath, Slaughterhouse Five, Catch-22, Clockwork Orange.)

answer

The Grapes of Wrath

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Who is the artist who portrayed steel working, mining, farming, and other working-class activities in his art. (Wilfred Owens, Diego Rivera, John Steinbeck, Thomas Hart Benton.)

answer

Thomas Hart Benton.

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Dorothea Lange used ________ to portray the plight of people caught in the throes of the Depression. (drama, novels, photography, painting.)

answer

photography

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Hitler expressed his utopian plan of a master race in his book (Das Capital, Mein Kampf, The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich, The Trial.)

answer

Mein Kampf

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America entered World War II in (1941, 1939, 1944, 1945)

answer

1941

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"From my mother's sleep I fell into the State" is the first line of a poem written (John Steinbeck, Norman Mailer, Randall Jarrell, James Jones.)

answer

Randall Jarrell

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Which of the following novels is an example of gallows humor? (Catch-22, The Naked and the Dead, Triumph and the Will, From Here to Eternity.)

answer

Catch-22

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Elie Wiesel described his experience (as a German soldier, in an American submarine, in the Holocaust, in a Siberian concentration camp.)

answer

in the Holocaust

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Picasso's Guernica portrayed the aftermath of a bombing of a town in (Germany, Spain, Russia, France)

answer

Spain

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A composite juxtaposing heterogeneous images in cinema is a (collage, mural, montage, reportage)

answer

montage

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Sergei Eisenstein is a(n) (filmmaker, sculptor, photographer, composer.)

answer

filmmaker

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Leni Riefenstahl used film to promote the (Bolsheviks, Fascists, allies, Nazis)

answer

Nazis

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"Where is God?" is a refrain in ("The Death of the Ball Turret Gunner", Catch-22, Night, The Triumph of the Will.)

answer

Night

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The artistic style that portrayed social problems in an objective manner was called social __________ (objectivity, realism, determinism, relativism)

answer

realism

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What type of art did Thomas Hart Benton popularize? (portrait, still life, landscape, mural.)

answer

mural

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Who was the Irish poet who despaired that the world was falling apart, "the center cannot hold"? (Eliot, Joyce, Yeats, Dylan Thomas.)

answer

Yeats

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For much of his music, Copland drew on (American folk songs, the twelve-tone system, Stravinsky's ballets, wartime themes.)

answer

American folk songs

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The poetry, novel, and art of Owens, Remarque, and Ernst reflected their experiences as soldiers in World War I. True False

answer

True

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Leger's art reveals his rejection of modern machinery. True False

answer

False

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The writings of Karl Marx influenced Lenin to convert private property into property held in common by members of Russian society. True False

answer

True

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The first totalitarian regime of the twentieth century was in Germany. True False

answer

False

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Remarque's novel 'All Quiet on the Western Front' is an example of social realism. True False

answer

False

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Steinbeck's 'Grapes of Wrath' is set during the Great Depression. True False

answer

True

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Thomas Hart Benton was not a social realist painter. True False

answer

False

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Diego Rivera's art depicted the plight of the Okies who fled to California during the Great Depression. True False

answer

False

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Hitler's book Das Kapital outline his views of Jews, Marxists, bourgeois liberals, and "social deviates." True False

answer

False

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The nihilistic phrase, Catch-22, was popularized by Kurt Vonnegut in his novel Slaughterhouse Five? True False

answer

False

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Who is the American composer whose music blended American folk melodies and simple melodies in his compositions? (Shostakovic, Benjamin Britten, Leonard Bernstein, Aaron Copland)

answer

Aaron Copland

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'Appalachian Spring' features a Shaker hymn, "'Tis the Gift to be Simple." True False

answer

True

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The murals of Thomas Hart Benton were NOT A. inspired by Mexican muralist Diego Rivera B. a form of social commentary C. primarily decorative D. visual representations of true American values

answer

inspired by Mexican muralist Diego Rivera

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Which of the following film-makers is NOT associated with the use of film as both propaganda and fine art? (Sergei Eisenstein, Leni Riefenstahl, Charlie Chaplin, Lee Miller)

answer

Lee Miller

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Owen's "Dulce et decorum est" is a translation of a Latin poem by Horace A. is unique in its evocation of war B. graphically describes the experience of battle C. sentimentally mourns a lost world

answer

graphically describes the experience of battle

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The combat weapon that devastates the soldiers in 'All Quiet on the Western Front' is (the atom bomb, the machine gun, poison gas, aerial bombing)

answer

poison gas

question

The Holocaust was inspired by Hitler's theory of (white supremacy, state control of the military, communism, Aryan racial superiority)

answer

Aryan racial superiority

question

CHAPTER 35 This artist walked around the canvas while working in order to literally be "in" the painting. (Edward Hopper, Mark Rothko, Jackson Pollock, Helen Frankenthaler)

answer

Jackson Pollock

question

The creator of whimsical wire constructions or mobiles is (Collier Smith, Alexander Calder, James Evans, Edward Albee)

answer

Alexander Calder

question

The author of 'The Stranger', who affirmed the potential for human solidarity, was (Andre Malraux, Andre Gide, Graham Greene, Albert Camus)

answer

Albert Camus

question

A symbol of corporate wealth, skyscrapers designed in the __________ style embodied the spirit of the West in the twentieth century. (capitalistic, functional, horizontal, international)

answer

international

question

According to composer John Cage, music has as its only common denominatormelody (rhythm, silence, melody, the twelve-tone scale)

answer

rhythm

question

After World War II alienation pervaded art and literature. True False

answer

True

question

Dystopian literature portrays life as bleak and negative. True False

answer

True

question

In writing music for twelve radios and twenty-four performers, John Cage was questioning the relationships between (random nature and the absurd, music education and genius, traditional instruments, symphony and conductor)

answer

random nature and the absurd

question

According to Sartre, individuals are defined by ___________. (choices, God, fate, random acts of kindness)

answer

choices

question

The American artistic movement of the 1940s and 1950s that embodied the break with traditional, representational art was called (existentialism, synthetic expressionism, abstract expressionism, realism)

answer

abstract expressionism

question

"Form follows function" is the credo of the (dada art, theatre of the absurd, existentialists, international style)

answer

international style

question

'Waiting for Godot' is an example of (realism, theatre of the absurd, tragedy, stream of consciousness novel)

answer

theatre of the absurd

question

Rabindranath Tagore, an author from ____________ describes the existential responsibility for individual choice in his literature. (India, Austria, China, Japan)

answer

India

question

Who is the American abstract expressionist who featured urban landscapes devoid of meaningful relationships? (Giamometti, Francis Bacon, David Smith, Edward Hopper)

answer

Edward Hopper

question

George Segal is renowned for his (surreal collages, mobiles, abstract sculptures, assembled environments)

answer

assembled environments

question

Francis Bacon's paintings often featured (flayed carcasses, surrealistic landscapes, paint drips, hyper-realistic portraits)

answer

flayed carcasses

question

Frank Lloyd Wright is the architect of _____. It's interior resembles the inside of a huge snail shell that is bathed with natural light. (Guggenheim Museum, Trans World Airlines Terminal, Dulles Airport terminal building, Seagram Building)

answer

Guggenheim Museum

question

Merce Cunningham is a(n) (composer, choreographer, abstract artist, sculptor)

answer

choreographer

question

Which artist created paintings that featured soft-edged blocks of color? (Rothko, Pollock, de Koning, Kline)

answer

Rothko

question

Existential literature in the twentieth century was influenced by the philosophy of (Soren Kierkegaard, Martin Buber, Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung)

answer

Soren Kierkegaard

question

Who is the author of 'Being and Nothingness'? (Samuel Beckett, Albert Camus, T. S. Eliot, Jean-Paul Sartre)

answer

Jean-Paul Sartre

question

Sartre asserted that humans are "condemned to be free." True False

answer

True

question

Sartre's literature featured the choices that humans make between a divine guidance absolute values. True False

answer

False

question

Existentialism portrayed humans as nothing else but what he or she makes of him or herself. True False

answer

True

question

Which of the following philosophers believed that we can verify God's existence with a "leap of faith"? (Paul Tillich, Reinhold Niebuhr, Karl Jaspers, Kierkegaard)

answer

Kierkegaard

question

'Waiting for Godot' is a good example of the theatre of the absurd. True False

answer

True

question

Dylan Thomas' poem "Do Not Go Gentle Into That Good Night" is optimistic. True False

answer

True

question

Rabindranath Tagore's poem "The Man Had No Useful Work" affirms that humans must be goal-oriented and practical. True False

answer

False

question

Abstract expressionism began in America. True False

answer

True

question

Abstract expressionism flourished at first in (New York, San Francisco, Chicago, Berlin)

answer

New York

question

Willem de Kooning's art frequently featured fierce, totemic women. True False

answer

True

question

Which artists explored color field painting? (Franz Kline, Mark Rothko, George Segal, Alberto Giacometti)

answer

Mark Rothko

question

Franz Kline cultivated a painterly style that featured the pouring of thin washes of paint directly on raw canvases. True False

answer

False

question

Which sculptor frequently portrayed humans as disengaged, ravaged figures? (Alberto Giacometi, Francis Bacon, George Segal, David Smith)

answer

Alberto Giacometi

question

David Smith often created nonfigurative sculptures. True False

answer

True

question

"Less is More" is the credo of Frank Lloyd Wright. True False

answer

False

question

The Trans World Airlines Terminal at Kennedy Airport is a good example of the international style and cool rationalism. True False

answer

False

question

George Balanchine is a famous abstract expressionist artist who fused surrealism and existentialism in his nihilistic paintings that portrayed humans adrift in a dark world. True False

answer

False

question

CHAPTER 36 In Alice Walker's short story, "Elethia," "Uncle Albert" is A. the author's favorite uncle. B. the benefactor of poor, local blacks. C. a totally fictional character. D. the stereotypical equivalent of Aunt Jemima.

answer

a totally fictional character.

question

In his Message to the Grass Roots, Malcolm X focuses his audience's attention on their "common enemy," which is (the U.S. Constitution., Jim Crow laws., the white man., disunity.)

answer

the white man.

question

Ralph Ellison's novel The Invisible Man referred to the invisibility of city dwellers as _________. (the individual in mass society., blacks in a white world., workers in a capitalist economy., a lion in a jungle.)

answer

blacks in a white world.

question

Jazz, which began in New Orleans, had its origins in ALL BUT which of the following? (African tribal dance, European marching bands, ragtime, French art songs)

answer

French art songs

question

A form of jazz that is characterized by a frenzied tempo, complicated chord progressions, and complex rhythms is (blues., cool., bop., swing.)

answer

bop

question

In Latin America, the United States government has traditionally supported. dissidents. (ordinary farmers., the Church., the economic elite., dissidents)

answer

the economic elite.

question

'Native Son', an expression of African American's defiance and despair, was written by (Langston Hughes, LeRoi Jones, Richard Wright, Toni Morrison)

answer

Richard Wright.

question

Throughout the centuries, three of the leading proponents of civil disobedience were Gandhi, Henry David Thoreau, and (Martin Luther King, Malcolm X, Bloke Modisan, Franz Fanon)

answer

Martin Luther King.

question

The blues began as an instrumental rather than a vocal form of music. True False

answer

False

question

In the West, the two world wars generally hindered women from attaining political and economic equality. True False

answer

False

question

Virginia Woolf, a passionate feminist, argued that women must first seek political rather than economic power. True False

answer

False

question

The first African-American woman to serve as Poet Laureate of the United States is Rita Dove. True False

answer

True

question

Who led India's struggle for Independence from Great Britain? (Indira Gandhi, Muhammad Iqbal, Manmohan Singh, Mahatma Gandhi)

answer

Mahatma Gandhi

question

Pablo Neruda is a famous Brazilian poet. True False

answer

False

question

What is the theme of Neruda's "United Fruit Co."? A. The United States has improved the harsh conditions in South America and shared prosperity with Latin America. B. South America is compared to a fruit basket that has been pillaged by Marxist movements that have nearly destroyed the idyllic life of its people. C. American companies have exploited South America and plundered its coffee and fruit. D. South America is like a bunch of bananas. That is the reason why it is referred to as "Banana Republics."

answer

American companies have exploited South America and plundered its coffee and fruit.

question

Langston Hughes was one of the leaders of the Harlem Renaissance. True False

answer

True

question

Gwendolyn Brooks' poem, "We Real Cool" includes (allusions to biblical narratives, jazz rhythms, sensory details of the experiences that were endured by slaves, heroic couplets

answer

jazz rhythms

question

In Langston Hughes' poem, "Harlem," what is a dream deferred compared to? (raisin in the sun, canary in a gilded cage, a black boy in a white English class, a tiger in the zoo)

answer

raisin in the sun

question

In Richard Wright's The Ethics of Living Jim Crow, what does the narrator learn from his experiences? A. Not all white folks are bad. B. Slow and steady wins the race. C. It is better to fight prejudice than to run and hide. D. Blacks must learn to stay in their place if they want to work.

answer

Blacks must learn to stay in their place if they want to work.

question

In Martin Luther King's "Letter from Birminham Jail," he supports (disobedience of unjust laws, the use of violence to overthrow oppressors, the moral responsibility to obey unjust laws, acquiescence)

answer

disobedience of unjust laws

question

Malcolm X advocated a Muslim morality that stressed that African-Americans must respond to White domination with passive resistance. True False

answer

False

question

Bloke Modisane expressed his frustration with ________ in South Africa. (desegregation, Jim Crow laws, apartheid, the 1964 Civil Rights Act)

answer

apartheid

question

Franz Fanon agreed with Malcolm X that "violence is a cleansing force" in the civil rights war. True False

answer

True

question

Which author asserted that "This world is no longer, and it will never be white again"? (Richard Wright, Alice Walker, Ralph Ellison, James Baldwin)

answer

James Baldwin

question

Which artist incorporated flat, local colors and angular, abstract forms? Also, the artistic sensibility is affected by artist-critics, such as Goya and Daumier? (Betye Saar, Romare Bearden, Jacob Lawrence, Alice Walker)

answer

Jacob Lawrence

question

Romare Bearden's favorite artistic medium is collage. True False

answer

True

question

Betye Saar's artistic work, The Liberation of Aunt Jemima is an example of (parody, landscape, still life, genre painting)

answer

parody

question

Robert Colescott's painting, Les Demoiselles d'Alabama (Vestidas) is an allusion to a painting by ______. (Goya, Picasso, Manet, Monet)

answer

Picasso

question

Which black composer popularized jazz piano music, ragtime? (Scott Joplin, Louis Armstrong, King Oliver, W. C. Handy)

answer

Scott Joplin

question

The song, "St. Louis Blues," incorporates a call and response pattern popular in African chants. True False

answer

True

question

Most scholars agree that _____________ constitutes the single element that most distinguishes jazz from other musical idioms. (Fill in blank)

answer

improvisation

question

Dizzy Gillespie is known for his ability to embellish his jazz music with scat singing, which is an improvised set of nonsense syllables. True False

answer

False

question

Hip-hop music emerged in the 1970s and fuses loud percussive music with the spoken word, and is associated with a street-dance. True False

answer

True

question

Which artist combined crude, childlike but familiar images, with cartoon logs and scrawled graffiti in his art? (John Pratt, Robert Colescott, Jean-Michel Basquiat, Niki de Saint Phalle)

answer

Jean-Michel Basquiat

question

Katherine Dunham is a choreographer. True False

answer

True

question

Virginia Woolf asserted that ____________ is the prerequisite for creativity for women. (Fill in blank)

answer

freedom

question

Which feminist writer encouraged women to overcome the "myth of femininity" and cease being passive, lost and ruined if they remain dependent on men? (Simone de Beauvoir, Virginia Woolf, Alice Walker, Toni Morrison)

answer

Simone de Beauvoir

question

Sylvia Plath, Anne Sexton, Adrienne Rich, and Sonia Sanchez are feminist painters and sculptors. True False

answer

False

question

Which artist created Nanas? (Judy Chicago, Cindy Sherman, Ana Mendieta, Niki de Saint Phalle)

answer

Niki de Saint Phalle

question

Which artist immortalized famous women with symbols of famous women such as Queen Elizabeth, Nefertiti, Sappho, and Virginia Woolf? (Robert Mapplethorpe, Barbara Kruger, Judy Chicago, Cindy Sherman)

answer

Judy Chicago

question

Cindy Sherman and Robert Mapplethorpe preferred to express themselves in their photography? True False

answer

True

question

Who or what is often the focus of Cindy Sherman's artistic expressions? (nude males, female stereotypes, enlarged flowers superimposed on cityscapes, comic book portrayals of super heroes)

answer

female stereotypes

question

Bisexuality is a theme explored in the fiction of Ursula LeGuin. True False

answer

True

question

Tony Kushner's play Angels in America highlights A. effects of the AIDS epidemic B. the struggles for women to achieve equality C. dislocation of morals and ethics in a world without a loving god D. the clash of values between conservatives and liberals in a post-modern America

answer

effects of the AIDS epidemic

question

CHAPTER 37 Which innovations affected art and literature in the postmodern age? (quantum physics, automobiles and airplanes, TV and computers, biophysics)

answer

TV and computers

question

Which theory explains that the universe follows random patterns that are predictable? (string theory, chaos theory, theory of relativity, dialogic theory)

answer

chaos theory

question

According to Wittgenstein, what limits our understanding of reality? (cognition, our libido, gravity, language)

answer

language

question

What theory is popularized by Jacques Derrida and Michel Foucault? (semiotics, linguistics, deconstruction, structualism)

answer

deconstruction

question

What type of literature is characterized by fragments of information juxtaposed with little or no commentary on its meaning? (New Historicism, Metaphysical literature, Primitivism, Metafiction)

answer

Metafiction

question

Which of the following authors wrote "docufiction"? (Kurt Vonnegut, Octavio Paz, Don DeLillo, Ernest Hemingway)

answer

Don DeLillo

question

Postmodernism began (shortly after World War II, 1960, After the launch of Sputnik, when computers were introduced)

answer

shortly after World War II

question

What type of literature is associated with Gabriel Garcia Marquez? (magic realism, deconstructionism, postmodern poetry, science fiction)

answer

magic realism

question

Who initiated science fiction? (Jorge Luis Borges, H. G. Wells, W. C. Fields, Arthur C. Clarke)

answer

H. G. Wells

question

What type of literature is a sub-genre of science fiction? (existentialism, psycho-babble, informatics, cyberpunk)

answer

cyberpunk

question

What literature is associated with Joyce Carol Oates? (gothic, literature of social conscience, post-apocalyptic, zombie invasion)

answer

literature of social conscience

question

Which artist examined multiple images of products, such as Coca-Cola bottles and Brillo boxes, in his art? (Roy Lichtenstein, Jasper Johns, Andy Warhol, Frank Stella)

answer

Andy Warhol

question

Which artist created soft vinyl sculptures of everyday items such as clothespins, hot dogs, and table fans? (Claes Oldenberg, Jasper Johns, Bridget Riley, Frank Stella)

answer

Claes Oldenberg

question

What type of art is associated with Robert Rauschenberg? (spray painted and crushed metal, mobiles, geometric abstraction, assemblages)

answer

assemblages

question

Roy Lichtenstein's art resembles (comic book art, 3D geometric shapes, beer cans, photomontages)

answer

comic book art

question

What artistic style is associated with Victor Vasarely? (pop art, geometric abstraction, op art, new realism)

answer

op art

question

Identify a new realist artist (Chuck Close, Isamu Noguchi, Leon Golub, Magdalena Abakanowicz)

answer

Chuck Close

question

Which artist is associated with "living dead" sculptures? (Chuck Close, Duane Hanson, Magdalena Abaknowicz, Frank Stella)

answer

Duane Hanson

question

Which artist depicted brutality and violence? (Isamu Noguchi, Richard Estes, Louise Nevelson, Leon Golub)

answer

Leon Golub

question

Who depicted headless sculptures crafted from sisal, jute, and resin? (Magdalena Abakanowicz, Duane Hanson, Leon Golub, Chuck Close)

answer

Magdalena Abakanowicz

question

What type of performance was popularized by Allan Kaprow? (flash mob, absurdism, happening, dead man walking)

answer

happening

question

Which artist created Running Fence using nylon cloth along 24.5 miles of California coast? (Smithson, Christo, Damien Hirst, Yves Klein)

answer

Christo

question

Which of the following is a postmodern minimalist architect? (Charles Moore, Santiago Calatruva, Frank Lloyd Wright, I. M. Pei)

answer

I. M. Pei

question

Frank Gehry is the architect of ________. (Milwaukee Art Museum, Walt Disney Concert Hall, Guggenheim Museum in New York, Louvre Pyramid)

answer

Walt Disney Concert Hall

question

What type of music blends environmental noise such as bird calls, train whistles, and thunder? (musique concrete, atononal arabesque, polyphonic ecological symphonia, rhythmic doodling)

answer

musique concrete

question

What musical invention contributed to the production of electronic music? (metronome, turntable, surround sound speaker systems, synthesizer)

answer

synthesizer

question

Who is the composer who created aural effects and textures using microtonality? (John Cage, Gyrogy Ligeti, Philip Glass, Ravi Shankar)

answer

Gyrogy Ligeti

question

What type of music is associated with Janis Joplin, Jefferson Airplaine, and The Who? (folk, rhythm and blues, heavy metal, rock)

answer

rock

question

Who choreographed performances that combined break-dancing and hip-hop? (Lucinda Childs, Merce Cunningham, Rennnie Harris, Joffrie)

answer

Rennnie Harris

question

Which artist produced geometric abstract art? (Bridget Riley, Frank Stella, Louise Nevelson, John Chamberlain)

answer

Frank Stella

question

MISC FROM OTHER SETS Which of the following names is NOT associated with nonobjective art?

answer

Matisse

question

Which of these was NOT a new scientific concept in the 20th century?

answer

An object at rest or in a state of constant velocity tends to remain in that state unless acted upon by some outside force.

question

casso's Demoiselles d'Avignon was influenced by all EXCEPT which of the following?

answer

Cézanne

question

In futurism, artistic production is ideally linked to which of the following?

answer

industry and urban life

question

For Matisse, color and shape reflect which of the following?

answer

feelings

question

Stravinsky's Rite of Spring is most notable for its

answer

use of polytonality and syncopation

question

In their poems, the imagist poets tried to achieve which of the following?

answer

a pared-down, abstract style

question

The names Gropius and Le Corbusier are associated with which of the following?

answer

the international style in architecture

question

Which of the following led the group of painters who made color the principal feature of their canvases in this era?

answer

Matisse

question

Igor Stravinsky shocked musical audiences with his famous composition for ballet called

answer

The Rite of Spring

question

The protagonist of Kafka's Metamorphosis wakes to find himself transformed into a giant

answer

insect

question

Edvard Munch's The Scream

answer

became a universal symbol of the modern condition, demonstrates the impact a volcanic eruption in Indonesia had even as far away as Norway, and may have been inspired, in part, by an Inca mummy the artist had seen in Paris.

question

Which artist's work, The Fountain, questioned the very nature of what is art?

answer

Klee, Chagall, Dali

question

The song cycles of Schoenberg are reminiscent of the writings of Proust in their use of which of the following?

answer

stream-of-consciousness monologues

question

Freud theorized that human instinct was driven by which of the following?

answer

sex

question

In Civilization and Its Discontents, Freud says that religion

answer

must be classed among humankind's mass delusions

question

Jung described the collective unconscious as which of the following?

answer

manifested in myths, fairytales, and dreams

question

The object that triggered the recollection of the past for Proust was

answer

a taste of a teacake

question

The surrealist movement was devoted to making art that

answer

freed itself of rational control

question

Which of the following writers was so paranoid about the ills of society that he directed his lawyers upon his own death to destroy all his works, a request which was fortunately ignored?

answer

Kafka

question

The murals of Thomas Hart Benton were NOT

answer

primarily decorative

question

Which of the following film-makers is NOT associated with the use of film as both propaganda and fine art?

answer

Lee Miller

question

The music of composer Aaron Copland is notable for its

answer

use of American folk tunes

question

The Communist Revolution in China

answer

used the arts for ideological purposes

question

Owens' Dulce et decorum est

answer

graphically describes the experience of battle

question

The combat weapon that devastates the soldiers in All Quiet on the Western Front is

answer

poison gas

question

The leading political figure to emerge from the Russian Revolution of 1917 was

answer

Lenin

question

The Holocaust was inspired by Hitler's theory of

answer

white supremacy

question

The literary style that dominated American fiction and the visual arts as a result of the Great Depression was

answer

social realism

question

What is NOT true of the era of total war and totalitarianism?

answer

The realities of the Holocaust went unrecorded in literature

question

Theater of the absurd is characterized by

answer

irrational dialogue, the rejection of traditional dramatic structures and little character development

question

Which of the following works does NOT reflect the Existentialist interest in the anti-hero?

answer

Kurosawa's The Seven Samurai

question

The poet Rabindranath Tagore

answer

created works that reflect a Hindu approach to the modern question for meaning, wrote the narrative poem, "The Man Had No Useful Work." and was awarded the Nobel Prize in literature.

question

Jackson Pollack's "action painting" did NOT

answer

deny the intentions or direction of the artist

question

Mid-twentieth-century architecture

answer

was informed by the motto "form follows function."

question

Sartre held that each individual is

answer

the sum of his or her own actions

question

Christian existentialists focused upon

answer

the moral life of individuals

question

Eliot's Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock

answer

is not a love song

question

Cunningham's choreography was considered radical because it

answer

did not depend on music

question

Who was NOT associated with the movement known as Abstract Expressionism?

answer

Hopper

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