question

What does your text suggest is the most significant physical development of middle childhood?

answer

improving fine motor movement and coordination

question

Describe girls' and boys' physical development during middle childhood.

answer

between the ages of 6-12 kids will grow 2-3 inches and 6lbs per year, hand eye coordination improves, and girls are ahead of boys

question

Which two areas of the brain undergo major growth spurts during middle childhood?

answer

sensory and motor

question

The attention span of the average fourth-grader is much longer than that of the average first grader. Which biological changes are primarily responsible for this?

answer

mylinization of frontal love, reticulation, and nerves that link both

question

List the improvement in cognitive function as a result of brain growth and development in middle childhood

answer

selective attention, increase information processing, spatial perception, spatial cognition

question

In which part(s) of the brain are the sensory, motor, and intellectual functions linked together?

answer

nerves of associative areas

question

You are a nurse who is asked to place an IV in a patient's non-dominant arm. What ability allows you to tell where the IV should be placed?

answer

relative right to left orientation

question

Which. abilities would be particularly important to a basketball player?

answer

spatial cognition

question

Bicycle accidents account for about ____ of all cases of traumatic brain injury?

answer

25%

question

What poses the most significant health risks among school-aged children?

answer

excessive weight gain, injury, asthma

question

Laws requiring bicyclists to wear helmets are estimated to reduce death rates due to bicycle accidents by as much as ____?

answer

50% or more

question

According to your textbook, 1 in ___ children between the ages of 6 and 11 are obese.

answer

5

question

Children whose BMIs are between the 85th and 95th percentiles are classified as _____

answer

overweight

question

Elevated cholesterol or high blood pressure among children is most closely associated with _____

answer

obesity and predisposition to heart disease

question

Public health officials believe that the current levels of obesity among children and adults in the United States can be attributed to __________

answer

cultural pattern of decrease in physical activity and increase of high cal food

question

Between the ages of 6 and 12, children add roughly how many words per year to their vocabulary?

answer

5,000-10,000

question

Give an example of a derived word.

answer

happily, unwanted

question

Concrete operations permit children to understand __________

answer

objects and events in the real world and relationships between objects

question

Keri is trying to decide what to wear today. It is going to be raining this morning but should be clearing off later. In addition, Keri knows that she has riding lessons after school, so she needs to take that into account when she chooses her clothes. On top of that, today is the pep rally, meaning Keri is expected to wear her school colors. In order to select an appropriate outfit without assistance, Keri must be capable of _______

answer

decentration

question

Why would a group of preoperational children find magic tricks uninteresting?

answer

they don't understand the rules that govern physical reality

question

Give an example of what Piaget termed concrete operations.

answer

decentration and reversibility

question

A child who understands conservation of mass or volume would, of necessity, also understand _____

answer

concrete operations and reversibility

question

What best defines inductive logic?

answer

general principles are inferred with specific reasoning

question

What is the best example of a child's use of inductive logic?

answer

the idea that adding always adds more

question

What best defines deductive logic?

answer

type of reasoning based on hypothetical premises that requires predicting a specific outcome from a general principle.

question

Joe knows that not everyone goes to college and those who do are not guaranteed to graduate. From this he decided that college is probably difficult as well as time consuming. What type of logic did Joe use to draw these conclusions?

answer

deductive

question

Give an example of a child's use of deductive logic.

answer

child answering "what would you do if you were president"

question

If Tammy understands class inclusion, then she understands

answer

subordinate classes are part of other subordinate classes

question

Siegler suggests that children's cognitive development occurs with which of the following?

answer

gaining rules that are applied, based on experience

question

In Robert Siegler's research on problem solving, children who use Rule I

answer

will predict side with more disks will go down.

question

What represents the key contrast between Piaget's and Siegler's views on children's cognitive development?

answer

ziegler bases things on child's experience

question

Describe the psychologists who use the information-processing perspective to understand children's cognitive development.

answer

kail

question

What is considered to be the basis of children's cognitive development, according to most theorists?

answer

processing efficiency

question

Which terms do developmentalists use to refer to the ability to make efficient use of short-term memory capacity?

answer

processing efficiency

question

In support of the hypothesis that improved processing efficiency accounts for cognitive development, researchers have found those children's thinking and response time ________

answer

increase with age

question

When the teacher asked, "How many inches are there in 1 mile?" Carmen answered without having to pause to compute the number of inches in a foot. Carmen's skill is an example of which cognitive ability?

answer

automaticity

question

What terms applies to thinking about how to think?

answer

metacognition

question

A child who can tell you what study methods work best for different subjects or what subjects are hardest for her to learn would be displaying which skills?

answer

metacognition

question

To help himself remember the colors of the visible spectrum, Cam said, "ROY G BIV," where each color is represented by a letter. This is an example of the use of _________

answer

pneumonic

question

To help herself remember the items she was to get from the market, Anna repeated the five-item list over and over under her breath. This is an example of which information-processing strategy?

answer

rehearsal

question

What is one of the information processing strategies described in your text?

answer

rehearsal, organization, elaboration, mnemonic, systematic searching

question

According to your textbook, 3 and 4-year olds are able to use scanning and systematic searching to do which of the activities?

answer

search for objects

question

On what does a child's capacity for creativity depend?

answer

how much knowledge they have on a subject

question

Memory skills, metacognitive abilities, and problem solving strategies are all part of ______

answer

executive processes

question

A skill that is especially related to learning to read well in middle childhood is ___

answer

phonological awareness

question

During the middle childhood years, the main focus of education is on what?

answer

ability to read and write, literacy

question

Mr. Bill likes to challenge his third-graders in their reading skills. He uses books that are just slightly above their current level. When a student is struggling with a word, Mr. Bill takes the opportunity to teach the child a new strategy for learning and speaking the word. Which approach to reading is Mr. Bill using?

answer

balanced

question

Reading researchers have found that poor readers tend to have the most difficulty with what?

answer

sound letter combination

question

In 2008, there were approximately _____________ English language learner school children in the U.S.

answer

11 million

question

At the beginning of the 21st century, approximately what percentage of U.S. classrooms had at least 1 ELL student?

answer

nearly half

question

Maria came to the United States from Puerto Rico. She speaks very little English but is in a special class that teaches her in both English and Spanish. Maria is in what type of program?

answer

bilingual education

question

What terms applies to those school children who are non-English-speaking, whether immigrant or native-born?

answer

limited english proficiency

question

What best summarizes the research regarding bilingual education?

answer

structured, submersion method, english learners are not at increased risk for failing

question

What is an important component in helping ELL students perform well on achievement tests?

answer

administer test in own language

question

When I.Q. tests are developed, the scores are determined by comparing individual students' scores to an overall average attained by giving the same test to large numbers of similar individuals. This process describes which strategies?

answer

standardized testing

question

Which type of tests is designed to access specific information that is taught, and hopefully learned, at school?

answer

achievement test

question

In middle childhood, IQ tests may be used to

answer

group children for instruction because they are strongly correlated on achievement.

question

What is a distinguishing characteristic of culture-fair tests?

answer

minimize impact of verbal knowledge on scores

question

Who is the theorist who proposed the idea of multiple intelligences?

answer

howard gardener

question

According to Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences, what represents the ability to understand oneself?

answer

intrapersonal intelligence

question

Micah knows the difference between cedar and juniper trees. According to Gardner, what type of intelligence is Micah displaying?

answer

naturalist

question

Which of the following is the ability to use language effectively?

answer

linguistic

question

Which types of intelligence allows one to develop good social skills?

answer

interpersonal

question

Sandy is very good at drawing and copying pictures. Which type of intelligence is Sandy using?

answer

spacial

question

Robert Sternberg would say that a child who knows he is expected to shake hands with adults but not necessarily his peers has what type of intelligence?

answer

contextual

question

Sternberg's theory proposes three components of intelligence. What are they?

answer

contextual- knowing when to do something experiential- learning to give specific responses without thinking about them componential- persons ability to come up with effective strategies

question

Emotional intelligence has three components: awareness of personal emotions, appropriate emotional expression, and

answer

awareness of emotion

question

Which theorists is associated with intelligence measurement?

answer

howard gardner

question

Describe the tendency to focus on the details of a task.

answer

analytical style

question

When a child is focusing on the "big picture" rather than focusing on details, which style of learning is the child using?

answer

relational style

question

In the United States, we value achievement and success. This is evident in things like the attention we pay to job promotions, fame, and grades in school. These things are all examples of what type of culture?

answer

individualistic

question

What summarizes a basic educational difference when comparing students from the United States and Asia?

answer

Asia- value conformity, spend longer time on single subject, intelligence can be learned USA- value creativity and opposite of Asia

question

A child who has difficulty mastering specific academic skills such as reading, but who has normal intelligence and no physical or sensory handicaps, might be categorized as having what?

answer

learning disability

question

According to your textbook, which of the following is a common reason why parents choose to homeschool their children?

answer

parents believe they can do better job, and religious based learning

question

A child who has academic and behavioral problems in school because he or she is more physically active and/or less attentive than peers may be classified as having what?

answer

ADHD

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