Life Stages Analysis – Flashcards
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four main types of growth and development
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(1) physical (2) mental (3) emotional (4) social
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Describe physical growth and development
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body growth (height, weight) muscle and nerve development, changes in body organs
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Describe mental growth and development
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development of the mind: solve problems, make judgements, deal with situations
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Describe emotional growth and development
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feelings: dealing with love, hate, fear, joy, excitement
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Describe social growth and development
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interactions and relationships with others
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In infancy: response to a loud noise or sudden movement
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Moro (startle) reflex
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In infancy: response to a slight touch on the cheek
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rooting reflex
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In infancy: response to a slight touch on the lips
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sucking reflex
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In infancy: response when an object is placed in the hand
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grasp reflex
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roll from side to back
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Infancy: 2 mo.
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sit unsupported for several minutes
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Infancy: 6-7 mo.
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walk without assistance
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Infancy: 12 mo.
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understand some words and make basic sounds
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Infancy: 6 mo.
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show distress, delight, anger, disgust, fear
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Infancy: 4-6 mo.
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become shy and withdraw from strangers
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Infancy: 6 mo.
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mimic and imitate gestures and facial expressions
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Infancy: 12 mo.
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learn bladder and bowel control
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Early childhood: 2-4 y/o
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make decisions based on logic instead of trial and error
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Early childhood: 4 y/o
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make decisions based on past and present experiences
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Early childhood: 6 y/o
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display frequent temper tantrums
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Early childhood: 1-2 y/o
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show less anxiety when faced with new experiences
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Early childhood: 6 y/o
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friends of their own age become important
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Early childhood: 6 y/o
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Identify four abstract concepts that children begin to understand in LATE childhood
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(1) loyalty (2) honesty (3) values (4) morals
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puberty
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the development of the sexual organs and the secondary sexual characteristics
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List three causes of conflict during the emotional development of adolescents
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(1) while establishing independence, insecurity (2) appearance, abilities, relationships (3) change in attitude and behavior as a response to conflict with values
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anorexia nervosa
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person drastically reduces food intake or refuses to eat
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bulimia
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person alternately eats excessively or refuses to eat
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person uses laxatives or induces vomiting
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bulimarexia
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7 reasons why people use chemicals/become involved in chemical abuse
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(1) anxiety, stress relief (2) peer pressure (3) emotional/psychological problems (4) experimentation (5) "instant gratification" (6) hereditary traits (7) cultural influence
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5 major changes or decisions that must be made in EARLY adulthood
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(1) career choices (2) establish lifestyle (3) select spouse (4) start family (5) establish values
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4 factors that can provide satisfaction in MIDDLE adulthood
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(1) job stability (2) financial success (3) end of child bearing (4) good health from disease prevention
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6 factors that can provide stress in MIDDLE adulthood
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(1) loss of job (2) fear of aging (3) loss of youth/vitality (4) illness (5) marital problems (6) children, aging parents
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9 physical changes that occur in LATE adulthood
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(1) skin becomes dry, wrinkled, thin (2) age spots (3) hair becomes thin, loses luster and shine (4) bones become porous and more likely to fracture or break (5) cartilage between vertebrae thins -> stooped posture (6) muscles lose tone, strength.. leads to fatigue and poor coordination (7) decline in nervous system: hearing loss, decreased vision, decreased tolerance for hot and cold temperatures (8) memory loss, reasoning ability diminishes (9) Heart, kidney, bladder become less efficient
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6 events that require emotional adjustment during LATE adulthood
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(1) retirement (2) death of a spouse, friends (3) physical disabilities (4) financial problems (5) loss of independence (6) knowledge that life must end
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Infancy age range
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0-12 mo.
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language of newborn
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cry
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Infants eat every
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2-3 hours
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uncoordinated movement
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infancy
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toothless
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infancy
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poor vision
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infancy: range 8-12 in.
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doubles weight by...
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infancy: 9 mo.
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responds to human voice and touch
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infancy
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progression from self-centeredness to recognition of others in the environment
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infancy
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Early childhood age range
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1-6 y/o
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change from baby fat to muscular
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early childhood: 1 year
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begin to walk and talk
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early childhood: 1 year
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passive language
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early childhood: 1 year
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independent, determined explorer
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early childhood: 1 year
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communicate verbally
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early childhood: 2 years
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speak in 3-4 word sentences
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early childhood: 2 years
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negative behavior
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early childhood: 2 years
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plays side by side with others rather than actively
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early childhood: 2 years
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great imitators
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early childhood: 2 years
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wants to be just like parents
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early childhood: 3 years
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vocabulary and pronunciation continue to expand
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early childhood: 3 years
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climbs stairs with alternating feet
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early childhood: 3 years
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can briefly stand on one foot
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early childhood: 3 years
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more complex sentences, speaks well enough for strangers to understand
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early childhood: 4 years
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vivid imagination
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early childhood: 4 years
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line between what is real and imaginary often indistinct
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early childhood: 4 years
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develops fears (dark, animals, death)
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early childhood: 4 years
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can hop on one foot and skip
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early childhood: 5 years
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can accurately copy figures
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early childhood: 5 years
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may begin to read
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early childhood: 5 years
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social with children of own age
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early childhood: 5 years
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Late childhood/Pre-adolescence age bracket
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6-12 y/o
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develops complex motor skills
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late childhood
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large and small muscles well-developed
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late childhood
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primary teeth lost, permanent teeth erupt
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late childhood
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group-orientated; form groups with members of own sex
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late childhood
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parental approval important
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late childhood
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Adolescence age bracket
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12-20 y/o
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spend less time with parents, more time with peers
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adolescence
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secondary sexual characteristics develop
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adolescence
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concerned with appearance
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adolescence
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trying to establish self-identity
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adolescence
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emotional development stormy and in conflict
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adolescence
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suicide rates high
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adolescence
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Young adult age bracket
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20-40 y/o
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physical development complete
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young adult
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emotional maturation develops
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young adult
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accepts responsibility for actions and accepts criticism
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young adult
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know how to profit from error
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young adult
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progress from age-related peer groups to people with similar interest
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young adult
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Middle adulthood age bracket
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40-65 y/o
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4 physical changes in middle adulthood
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(1) hair begins to thin, gray (2) wrinkles appear (3) hearing and vision decrease (4) muscles lose tone
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5 main concerns in middle adulthood
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(1) children (2) health (3) job security (4) aging parents (5) fear of aging
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love and acceptance play major role
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middle adult
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Late adulthood age bracket
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65 y/o+
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fastest growing age bracket of society
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late adulthood "baby boomers"
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physical deterioration
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late adulthood: brittle bones, poor coordination
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memory problems
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late adulthood
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coping with retirement, forms of entertainment
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late adulthood
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very concerned with health and finances
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late adulthood
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significant number become depressed: high suicide rate
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late adulthood
