Learning Chapter 5 – Flashcards
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In the process of shaping, behaviors are ordered in terms of increasing similarity to the desired response. What are these behaviors called?
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Successive Approximations
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What is the reappearance of a learned response after extinction has occurred?
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Spontaneous Recovery
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A grandmother gives her grandchild a cookie because the child cleaned her room. What is the cookie?
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Positive Reinforcer
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In terms of Pavlov's analysis of learning, salivation would be referred to as what?
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An unconditioned Response
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The "aha" experience is known as what?
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Insight Learning
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Which of the following statements is true about operant conditioning?
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Partial reinforcement leads to behaviors that will persist longer than behavior learned through continuous reinforcement.
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An operant conditioning technique in which a learner gains conscious control over his or her own biological response is what?
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Biofeedback
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The person MOST closely associated with the Law of Effect is who?
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Thorndike
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Which strategy will NOT increase the effects of punishment?
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Making the punishment occur only on a partial, sporadic schedule.
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What does the abbreviation CS stand for?
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Conditioned stimulus
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A school issues tokens to the children for good behavior. This issue of a token is an example of what?
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Behavior Modification
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In order to learn anything through observation, the learner must do what?
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All of these processes are necessary
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What would you predict about Little Albert based on the principle of spontaneous recovery?
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Even after his fear of a rat was extinguished, the fear could come back
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Skinner was to rats as Thorndike was to what?
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Cats
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Unlike mammals, birds seem to develop conditioned aversions to food based on which sense?
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Vision
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The partial reinforcement effect refers to the fact that a response that is reinforced after some, but not all, correct responses will what?
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Will be more resistant to extinction than a response that receives continuous reinforcement (a reinforcer for each an every correct response)
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In the "Little Albert" study, the fear-producing stimulus used as a UCS was what?
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The loud noise
