Latin Verbs Answers – Flashcards
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1st conjugation
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-o, -are, -avi, -atum
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2nd conjugation
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-eo, ēre, ui*, itum*
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3rd conjugation
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-o, -ere, ?i, ?um
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3rd io conjugation
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-io, -ere, ?i, ?um
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4th conjugation
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-io, -iri, ivi*, itum*
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first principal part use
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look up in dictionary, present stem of 3rd/3rd io/4th
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second principal part use
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the present infinitive, present stem for 1/2
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third principal part use
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perfect stem (third principal part -i)
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fourth principal part use
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perfect passive participle, used in perfect passive tenses
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active personal endings
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o/m mus s tis t nt
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passive personal endings
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or/r mur ris mini tur ntur
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present tense, active
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1st/2nd present stem(2nd pp -re) + o mus s tis t nt (subject verbs) 3rd/3rd io/4th present stem(first pp -o) + (if that vowel is not in the stem) o i i i i u + m mus s tis t nt
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present tense, passive
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1st/2nd present stem(2nd pp -re) + o/or mur ris mini tur ntur (subject is verbed) 3rd/3rd io/ 4th present stem (first pp-o) o i e i i u + r mur ris mini tur ntur
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imperfect tense, active
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1st/2nd present stem (2nd pp -re) + ba+ m mus s tis t nt subject was verbing 3rd/3rd io/4th present stem (1st pp -o)+ eba+ m mus s tis t nt
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imperfect tense, passive
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1st/2nd present stem (2nd pp-re) ba+ r mur ris mini tur ntur subject was being verbed 3rd/3rd io/ 4th present stem (1st pp-o)+ eba+ r mur ris mini tur ntur
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future tense, active
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1st/2nd present stem (2nd pp-re)+ b bi bi bi bi bu + o mus s tis t nt subject will verb 3rd/3rd io/4th present stem (1st pp -o)+ a e e e e e + m mus s tis t nt
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future tense, passive
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1st/2nd present stem (2nd pp -re)+ b bi be bi bi bu+ or mur ris mini tur ntur subject will be verbed 3rd/3rd io/ 4th present stem (1st pp-o)+ a e e e e e + r mur ris mini tur ntur
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perfect tense, active
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perfect stem, 3rd pp-i+ i imus isti istis it erunt subject verbed
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perfect tense, passive
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4th pp+form of sum sum sumus es estis est sunt subject was verbed 2 different words
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pluperfect tense, active
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3rd pp -1+era+ m mus s tis t nt subject had verbed
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pluperfect tense, passive
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4th pp+ form of sum eram eramus eras eratis erat erant subject had been verbed two words
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future perfect, active
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3rd pp -i, + eri+ o mus s tis t nt subject will have verbed
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future perfect, passive
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4th pp+ ero erimus eris eritis erit erunt subject will have been verbed two words
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imperatives
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commands, always second person. always present ACTIVE sg- 2nd pp -re (verb!), ACTIVE pl- present stem + te(verb yourself!) PASSIVE sg- 2nd pp(verb!), PASSIVE pl- present stem+mini (be verbed!)
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deponent verbs
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verbs that are passive in forms and active in meaning, they only have three principal parts 1st conj- -or, -ari, -atus sum 2nd conj- -eor, -ēri, itus sum 3rd conj- -ior, no r -i, ?us sum 3rd io conj- -ior, -no r -i, ?us sum 4th conj- -ior, -iri, -itus sum
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imperatives for deponents
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sg- (1,2,4) 2nd pp, remove i and add e (3,3io) remove i and add ere pl- present stem+mini, present stem+imini (3rd conj)
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present forms of sum
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sum sumus es estis est sunt I am, you are
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present forms of possum
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possum possumus potes potestis potest possunt I am able, you are able
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imperfect forms of sum
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eram eramus eras eratis erat erant I was, you were
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imperfect forms of possum
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poteram poteramus poteras poteratis poterat poterant I was able, could
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future forms or sum
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ero erimus eris eritis erit erunt I will be
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future forms of possum
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potero poterimus poteris poteritis poterit poturunt I will be able
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perfect forms of sum
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fui fuimus fuisti fuistis fuit fuerunt I was
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perfect forms of possum
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potui potuimus potuisti potuist potuit potuerunt I was able
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pluperfect forms of sum
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fueram fueramus fueras fueratis fuerat fuerant I had been
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pluperfect forms of possum
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potueram potueramus potueras potueratis potuerat potuerant I had been able
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future perfect forms of sum
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fuero fuerimus fueris fueritis fuerit fuerint I will have been
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future perfect forms of possum
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potuero potuerimus potueris potueritis potuerit potuerint I will have been able
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forms of volo
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velle, velui- to want
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forms of nolo
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nolle, nolui- to not want
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forms of malo
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malle, malui- to perfer
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forms of fero
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ferre, tuli, latum- to bear
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forms of eo
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ire, ivi (ii), itus- to go
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occupo
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occupare, occupavi, occupatum to seize first conj
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specto
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spectare, spetavi, spectatum to watch first conj
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moror
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morari, moratus sum, ----, delay, first conj
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habeo
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habere, habui, habitum to hold second conj
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moneo
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monere, monui, monitum warn 2nd conj
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polliceor
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polliceri, pollicitus sum, -----, promise, 3rd conj
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rego
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regere, rexi, rectum, rule, 3rd conj
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pono
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ponere, posui, positum put 3rd conj
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loquor
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loqui, locutus sum, -----, say, 3rd conj
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capio
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capere, cepi, captum take 3rd io
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facio
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facere, feci, factum make 3rd io
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morior
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mori, mortuus sum, ----, die, 3rd io
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audio
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audire, audivi, auditum, hear 4th conj
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munio
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munire, munivi, munitum, fortify, 4th conj
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orior
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oriri, ortus sum, ------, rise, 4th conj
