kin 2504 test 2 (some of material) – Flashcards
169 test answers
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answers 169question
Which of the following food choices would be considered the least healthy in terms of fat content?
answer
fettuccine Alfredo
Unlock the answer
question
A measure of the amount of chemical energy that a food provides is known as
answer
a calorie
Unlock the answer
question
People under stress often
answer
use sugar to alter energy levels
Unlock the answer
question
Essential nutrients are
answer
nutrients that can only be obtained from the diet
Unlock the answer
question
Which nutrient makes up antibodies that protect us from disease, assists with building and repair of bone and skin, and helps to transport oxygen?
answer
protein
Unlock the answer
question
Substances that form the major structural components of the body are known as
answer
proteins
Unlock the answer
question
Subunits of protein molecules are known as
answer
amino acids
Unlock the answer
question
Of the 20 different types of amino acids, ________ are considered essential.
answer
9
Unlock the answer
question
Which of the following would be considered a complete protein source?
answer
steak
Unlock the answer
question
Proteins from plant sources
answer
can be combined to obtain complementary proteins
Unlock the answer
question
The daily protein requirement for an elite athlete is approximately
answer
1.5 grams per kilogram of body weight
Unlock the answer
question
John is a healthy 20-year-old college student. He weighs 160 lbs and jogs at a moderate pace 3 days per week for 20 minutes. Based on this information, approximately how many grams of protein does he need daily?
answer
60 grams
Unlock the answer
question
A good source of complex carbohydrate includes
answer
squash
Unlock the answer
question
Simple carbohydrates primarily provide
answer
energy
Unlock the answer
question
A good source of fiber (indigestible carbohydrate) includes
answer
dried beans
Unlock the answer
question
Starches and other complex carbohydrates are also called
answer
polysaccharides
Unlock the answer
question
Which of the following types of fiber is associated with lowering cholesterol?
answer
soluble
Unlock the answer
question
The glycemic index is a measure of the rate at which foods
answer
raise blood sugar levels
Unlock the answer
question
The fatty acids in most foods and in the body occur in the form of
answer
triglycerides
Unlock the answer
question
Fats that are solid at room temperature are
answer
saturated
Unlock the answer
question
When hydrogen atoms are added to an unsaturated oil to cause more complete saturation, it produces
answer
trans fats
Unlock the answer
question
An oil high in monounsaturated fatty acid is
answer
olive oil
Unlock the answer
question
Omega-6 fatty acids have double-bonded carbons at
answer
2 sites
Unlock the answer
question
Which of the following is high in trans fats?
answer
margarine
Unlock the answer
question
The current USDA "ChooseMyPlate.gov" website
answer
provides specific daily food recommendations based on your sex, size, age, and activity level
Unlock the answer
question
The most common steroid in the body is
answer
cholesterol
Unlock the answer
question
The "bad cholesterol," which leads to plaque deposits in blood vessels, is known as
answer
LDL
Unlock the answer
question
HDL cholesterol
answer
helps protect against heart disease
Unlock the answer
question
Which of the following is a way to get more heart-healthy fat into the diet?
answer
cook with unsaturated oils
Unlock the answer
question
Organic compounds that we need in tiny amounts to promote growth and help maintain health are known as
answer
vitamins
Unlock the answer
question
Which of the following is a fat-soluble vitamin?
answer
vitamin A
Unlock the answer
question
A vitamin that increases the absorption of calcium is
answer
vitamin D
Unlock the answer
question
A vitamin that is important in maintenance of vision is
answer
vitamin A
Unlock the answer
question
A vitamin that aids blood clotting is
answer
vitamin K
Unlock the answer
question
A vitamin that helps maintain nervous system function is
answer
niacin
Unlock the answer
question
A vitamin that strengthens blood vessels is
answer
vitamin C
Unlock the answer
question
People with low vitamin intakes tend to not eat enough
answer
fruits
Unlock the answer
question
Micronutrients that enable our nerves to transmit impulses are known as
answer
minerals
Unlock the answer
question
Which of the following is a macromineral?
answer
potassium
Unlock the answer
question
Which of the following is a role of sodium in the body?
answer
regulating the water contents of blood and body fluids
Unlock the answer
question
The Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for sodium is
answer
2300 mg or less per day
Unlock the answer
question
A disease associated with low calcium intake is known as
answer
osteoporosis
Unlock the answer
question
The most common nutrient deficiency worldwide is associated with
answer
iron
Unlock the answer
question
Which mineral is associated with wound healing?
answer
zinc
Unlock the answer
question
Which mineral is a component of hemoglobin?
answer
iron
Unlock the answer
question
Which mineral helps regulate pH balance?
answer
phosphorus
Unlock the answer
question
Which mineral assists with the breakdown of glucose?
answer
chromium
Unlock the answer
question
Which mineral helps regulate metabolism?
answer
iodine
Unlock the answer
question
Anemia results in
answer
low blood oxygen levels
Unlock the answer
question
Humans are made up of approximately ________% water
answer
60
Unlock the answer
question
Water is used in the body to
answer
facilitate transport of substances
Unlock the answer
question
The Daily Reference Value (DRV) for fiber is
answer
25 grams per day
Unlock the answer
question
The Daily Reference Value (DRV) for cholesterol is
answer
300 mg
Unlock the answer
question
The biggest variable related to caloric needs is
answer
body size
Unlock the answer
question
The Harvard Medical School pyramid recommends minimizing the consumption of
answer
refined carbohydrates
Unlock the answer
question
Compared to refined foods, whole foods
answer
have higher amounts of fiber
Unlock the answer
question
Foods that typically make you feel full and keep you satisfied longer
answer
consist of higher amounts of fiber.
Unlock the answer
question
Oxygen derivatives that can cause the body damage are known as
answer
free radicals
Unlock the answer
question
The best sources of energy during exercise are
answer
carbohydrates
Unlock the answer
question
Jan is an endurance athlete. Due to her activity level, she needs more calories than the average female. For her to perform at her peak, it is recommended that the majority of her calories come from
answer
complex carbohydrates
Unlock the answer
question
Excessive protein should be avoided during a pre-game or pre-workout meal because
answer
it takes longer to digest
Unlock the answer
question
True/False Poor diet is one of the biggest contributors to diabetes
answer
TRUE
Unlock the answer
question
True/False A majority of college students are dissatisfied with their body shape and size
answer
TRUE
Unlock the answer
question
True/False Active adults need about 1,200 to 1,500 calories of food energy per day
answer
FALSE
Unlock the answer
question
True/False Protein molecules are chains of subunits called amino acids
answer
TRUE
Unlock the answer
question
Simple carbohydrates primarily provide
answer
energy
Unlock the answer
question
True/False Weight loss resulting from the Atkins Diet is primarily a result of the high protein intake
answer
FALSE
Unlock the answer
question
True/False Brain and nerve cells are dependent upon a steady supply of glucose
answer
TRUE
Unlock the answer
question
True/False Most "low-carb" foods are highly processed
answer
TRUE
Unlock the answer
question
True/False Monounsaturated fatty acids contain only one saturated region
answer
FALSE
Unlock the answer
question
True/False All food sources of fats and oils contain both saturated and unsaturated fats
answer
TRUE
Unlock the answer
question
True/False "Low-fat" cookies made with vegetable shortening are generally healthy foods
answer
FALSE
Unlock the answer
question
True/False The Mediterranean Diet encourages people to use olive oil liberally in cooking and at the table
answer
TRUE
Unlock the answer
question
True/False HDL and LDL cholesterol are stored in the liver
answer
FALSE
Unlock the answer
question
True/False Smoked meats tend to be low in sodium
answer
FALSE
Unlock the answer
question
True/False Most Americans consume less than the daily amount of calcium recommended by government guidelines
answer
TRUE
Unlock the answer
question
True/False Acute iron toxicity is the leading cause of accidental poisoning in small children in the United States
answer
TRUE
Unlock the answer
question
True/False A person's need for water remains fairly constant regardless of diet and exercise
answer
FALSE
Unlock the answer
question
True/False The U.S. government requires that every food package list all ingredients in order of largest to smallest ingredient by weight
answer
TRUE
Unlock the answer
question
True/False Food portion sizes in America contribute to overeating
answer
TRUE
Unlock the answer
question
True/False Vitamin C is an antioxidant
answer
TRUE
Unlock the answer
question
True/False Nutritional supplements are required for optimal muscle growth and strength gains
answer
FALSE
Unlock the answer
question
True/False Lacto-vegetarians are at high risk for developing vitamin D and B12 deficiencies
answer
FALSE
Unlock the answer
question
True/False A rise in the importation of fresh fruits and vegetables from developing countries increases the risk of foodborne illnesses
answer
TRUE
Unlock the answer
question
When body mass index (BMI) goes above ________, an individual is considered to be more than 10 percent over recommended body weight
answer
25
Unlock the answer
question
What percentage of adult Americans is considered obese?
answer
33%
Unlock the answer
question
In the past 25 years, obesity rates for adolescents have
answer
more than tripled
Unlock the answer
question
Underweight is defined as a BMI of
answer
<18.5
Unlock the answer
question
Overweight is defined as a BMI of
answer
25 to 29.9
Unlock the answer
question
Obesity is defined as a BMI of
answer
>30
Unlock the answer
question
Successful weight loss can be best accomplished by
answer
making small dietary changes over time
Unlock the answer
question
The relationship between the amount of calories consumed in food and the amount of calories expended through metabolism and physical activity is known as
answer
energy balance
Unlock the answer
question
Estimates from the World Health Organization in 2011 indicated that approximately ________ billion people worldwide are overweight.
answer
1.6
Unlock the answer
question
By 2015, the World Health Organization expects the number of obese individuals worldwide to
answer
double
Unlock the answer
question
Overconsumption of food is often encouraged by
answer
estaurant portion sizes
Unlock the answer
question
The most important factor to keep in mind when losing weight is
answer
your overall percentage of body fat
Unlock the answer
question
According to the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Americans consume an average of approximately _____ calories more per day now than they did in 1970.
answer
500
Unlock the answer
question
On average, what percentage of our daily calories comes from sweets, sodas and fruit drinks, alcoholic beverages, and salty snacks?
answer
33%
Unlock the answer
question
What major factor contributes to overconsumption of sweets, sodas and fruit drinks, alcoholic beverages, and salty snacks?
answer
advertising
Unlock the answer
question
Dietary factors contributing to the incidence of obesity worldwide include
answer
high fat consumption
Unlock the answer
question
Which factor influencing body weight is related to lifestyle, rather than heredity?
answer
personal choices
Unlock the answer
question
Researchers at the Mayo Clinic found that lean people burn between 279 and 477 more calories daily than obese individuals do as a result of
answer
non-exercise activity
Unlock the answer
question
A signal of fullness from the body is known as
answer
satiety
Unlock the answer
question
A lifestyle factor that influences weight includes
answer
exercise
Unlock the answer
question
What percentage of Americans engage in no exercise, sports, or other physical activity at all during their leisure time?
answer
25%
Unlock the answer
question
Which racial/ethnic group has the lowest percentage of overweight?
answer
Asian Americans
Unlock the answer
question
Women have a tendency to burn fewer calories than men due to
answer
their higher level of essential body fat
Unlock the answer
question
Which of the following is a risk factor predisposing a person for overweight and obesity?
answer
low education level
Unlock the answer
question
You are more likely to remain healthy throughout your life if
answer
your body's fat deposits tend to occur around the hips and thighs
Unlock the answer
question
Being significantly underweight can be related to
answer
smoking
Unlock the answer
question
A prejudice against overweight and obese people is known as
answer
weight stigma
Unlock the answer
question
Jake has gained 10 lbs in the last five years due to inactivity and is beginning to notice significant stiffness in his joints. His problem may be related to the fact that his weight gain has significantly increased his risk of
answer
arthritis
Unlock the answer
question
Which cancer is specifically linked to a high BMI?
answer
kidney cancer
Unlock the answer
question
Which of the following can be a component of metabolic syndrome?
answer
high blood pressure
Unlock the answer
question
If you are obese and a non-smoker, your life expectancy is approximately
answer
6 years less than that of a normal weight individual
Unlock the answer
question
Underweight associated with poor nutrition can result in a higher incidence of
answer
muscle wasting
Unlock the answer
question
Your friend is thinking about trying a fad diet to lose weight. Given the information in this chapter on problems associated with fad diets, you can inform her that
answer
without permanent changes in eating habits, the weight will be regained
Unlock the answer
question
Approximately what percentage of individuals who try dieting regains the weight within two years or less?
answer
75%
Unlock the answer
question
A series of diets followed by eventual weight gain is known as
answer
yo-yo dieting
Unlock the answer
question
A pattern of losing/gaining weight is known as
answer
weight cycling
Unlock the answer
question
Weight loss regimens that specify strict rules on caloric consumption, types of foods, and eating patterns are known as
answer
rigid diets
Unlock the answer
question
Weight loss regimens that focus on portion size and make allowance for variations in daily routine, appetite, and food availability are known as
answer
flexible diets
Unlock the answer
question
One weight-loss supplement that has been banned in the U.S. is
answer
ephedra
Unlock the answer
question
A problem associated with using prescription drugs to induce weight loss is that
answer
the person tends to regain the weight as soon as he or she discontinues the medication
Unlock the answer
question
Atypical, abnormal food consumption that diminishes wellness but is not long-lived is known as
answer
disordered eating
Unlock the answer
question
A disturbed pattern of eating, dieting, and perceptions of body image that lead to medical issues is known as
answer
an eating disorder
Unlock the answer
question
An eating disorder characterized by deliberate food restriction and severe, life-threatening weight loss is known as
answer
anorexia nervosa
Unlock the answer
question
An eating disorder characterized by bouts of binge eating followed by purging, laxative abuse, or excessive exercise is known as
answer
bulimia nervosa
Unlock the answer
question
A syndrome characterized by negative self-perception in which a person becomes obsessed with a physical defect is known as
answer
body dysmorphic disorder.
Unlock the answer
question
An eating disorder characterized by out-of-control eating without purging is known as
answer
binge eating disorder
Unlock the answer
question
One factor leading to eating disorders is
answer
excessive emphasis on achievement
Unlock the answer
question
To lose weight, an individual should strive to achieve
answer
negative caloric balance
Unlock the answer
question
Basal metabolic rate is decreased by
answer
increased fat mass
Unlock the answer
question
A pre-programmed weight that your body returns to easily when you gain or lose a few pounds is known as
answer
a set point
Unlock the answer
question
One's baseline rate of energy use, dictated by the body's collective metabolic activities, is known as
answer
basal metabolic rate
Unlock the answer
question
One's baseline energy use plus the energy expended in digesting food is known as
answer
resting metabolic rate
Unlock the answer
question
Shelly is happy with her current body weight and wants to maintain it. To do this, she needs to be in
answer
isocaloric balance.
Unlock the answer
question
Your recommended BMI will tend to be on the lower end of the range if
answer
you have a small frame size.
Unlock the answer
question
Which of the following is an effective tip for successful weight loss?
answer
choose high-volume, nutrient-dense foods
Unlock the answer
question
The best method of burning calories is
answer
The best method of burning calories is
Unlock the answer
question
Which of the following activities would burn the highest amount of calories per minute?
answer
swimming
Unlock the answer
question
People who successfully maintain their weight over time tend to
answer
average an hour of physical activity daily
Unlock the answer
question
If you have lost or gained _____% of your body weight, you will need to maintain that level for a few months before resuming more weight change
answer
10
Unlock the answer
question
After achieving your target weight, you should
answer
add back in enough calories to maintain the new weight.
Unlock the answer
question
True/False U.S. college students are typically in better shape than the general adult population
answer
TRUE
Unlock the answer
question
True/False Current trends indicate that weight problems are decreasing in the college population
answer
FALSE
Unlock the answer
question
True/False Recent survey results from the National College Health Association indicate that disordered eating is increasing in college students
answer
TRUE
Unlock the answer
question
True/False In the last quarter century, the percentage of obese young children has more than doubled
answer
TRUE
Unlock the answer
question
True/False From a health standpoint, body weight is more important than body fat percentage
answer
FALSE
Unlock the answer
question
True/False Americans today are consuming 1,000 more calories daily than they did in 1970
answer
FALSE
Unlock the answer
question
True/False Accessibility of treats increases food overconsumption
answer
TRUE
Unlock the answer
question
True/False The ease of modern life encourages increased levels of physical activity
answer
FALSE
Unlock the answer
question
True/False Obesity is not increasing in low-income developing countries
answer
FALSE
Unlock the answer
question
True/False According to current research, the more money a person makes, the more likely he or she is to be overweight
answer
FALSE
Unlock the answer
question
True/False Adoption agencies and prospective parents are less likely to choose an overweight child for an adoption than a thin one
answer
TRUE
Unlock the answer
question
True/False Maintaining a healthy weight increases life expectancy
answer
TRUE
Unlock the answer
question
True/False Underweight people have a higher death rate than normal-weight or overweight people
answer
TRUE
Unlock the answer
question
True/False Being fit significantly reduces your mortality risk, regardless of the percentage of body fat you have
answer
TRUE
Unlock the answer
question
True/False Everyone who diets will experience some degree of lowered metabolism during a period of calorie restriction
answer
TRUE
Unlock the answer
question
True/False People on rigid diets tend to have a higher percentage of body fat than people on more flexible plans
answer
TRUE
Unlock the answer
question
True/False Disordered eating is atypical, abnormal food consumption that diminishes wellness but is usually neither long-lived nor disruptive to everyday life
answer
TRUE
Unlock the answer
question
True/False In terms of calories burned, basal metabolic rate is higher than resting metabolic rate
answer
FALSE
Unlock the answer
question
True/False Motivation to lose weight is best if it is primarily focused on short-term goals
answer
FALSE
Unlock the answer
question
True/False Anaerobic exercise is the best calorie burner
answer
FALSE
Unlock the answer
question
True/False Excess fat-soluble vitamins tend to be stored in the body
answer
TRUE
Unlock the answer
