Jeopardy Games – Flashcards
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Medication that improves cognitive function and ADLs for Alzheimers
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Namenda
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What Alzheimers medication prevents the breakdown of acetylcholine in the brain & is used for mild to severe Alzheimer's
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Aricept
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What are nursing interventions to reduce anxiety & agitation in Alzheimer's
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Calming environment, decrease stimulation, and distraction
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What are complications of Alzheimer's?
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Skin breakdown, Aspiration & respiratory issues, Care giver burnout
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Early, progressive, and terminal are the stages of...
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Alzheimer's
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What Parkinson's medication converts to dopamine to manage major symptoms
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Carbidopa [aka levodopa]
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What are 3 symptoms of Parkinson's
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Bradykinesia, postural instability, tremor
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What are 3 anticholinergic medications for Parkinson's
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Cogentin, Symmetrel, and Artane
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What are 3 concerns for the Parkinson's patient?
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Falls, sleep disturbance, depression
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In Parkinson's what occurs at rest, decreases with purposeful movement?
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Tremors
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What are 3 symptoms of multiple sclerosis
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Fatigue, weakness, difficulty with coordination
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In multiple sclerosis what are the meds Baclofen, [loresal], and benzodiazepines used for?
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Spasticity
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What is Baclofen used for
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Muscle relaxer and anti-spasmodic
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What is the nursing management for multiple sclerosis?
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Promote physical mobility, prevent injury, improve home management
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What medication is used to treat acute exacerbation of multiple sclerosis
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Corticosteroids
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What disease is characterized by replacement of muscle tissue with connective tissue
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Muscular dystrophy
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What is Duchenne's Muscular dystrophy
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Most common type that occurs in young boys
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What is chronic management of Muscular dystrophy
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Respiratory, ADL's, skin, and nutrition
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What is a sign of Muscular dystrophy seen in young boys
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Gower's sign where the children crawl up their legs to stand
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What are 4 causes for caregiver burnout
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Providing 24 hours care, anger, abusive, and knowledge deficit
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What are ischemic and hemorrhagic
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Types of strokes or CVA's
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What are the 6 clinical manifestations of CVA's
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Motor loss, Communication loss, Emotional changes, Perceptual disturbances, Sensory loss, Cognitive changes
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What are 4 modifiable risk factors to a CVA
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Diet, Exercise, Weight, Smoking
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What should a nurse do for a patient who has altered elimination
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Offer bedpan or urinal on a schedule, High fiber intake, Bowel or bladder training program
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What are 3 signs that the patient is at risk for aspiration
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Drooling, pocketing of food, coughing
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What are 4 risk factors for spinal cord injury
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Age, [young], gender, [males], alcohol and drug use
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In a spinal cord injury what is a secondary injury
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Degeneration that may be reversible in the first 4 to 6 hours
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The following symptoms are indicative of what complication: Headache, nasal congestion, sweating above spinal cord lesion, and goose bumps
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Autonomic dysreflexia
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What is spinal shock
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Primary injury that lasts days to weeks and results in loss os sensory or motor function
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What 4 nursing interventions should be implemented for a patient with autonomic dysreflexia
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Sit client up, Urinary catheter, Disimpaction, Remove noxious stimuli
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What is the best treatment for a traumatic brain injury
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Prevention
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What is a medical emergency that results in bleeding between the skull and dura and an increased ICP
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Epidural hematoma
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What is bleeding into the brain that requires possible evacuation
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Intracerebral hemorrhage
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What is a normal ICP
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0 to 10 mmHg
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What are 5 nursing goals for a patient with a traumatic brain injury
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Patent airway, Cerebral perfusion pressure, Nutrition, Fluid & electrolyte balance, Prevention of secondary injury
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What is an autoimmune disease that occurs as an inflammatory process and has period of exacerbation and remission
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Rheumatic disorders
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What 3 labs are done for rheumatic disorders
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ESR, CRP, ANA
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What are 4 nursing goals for rheumatic disorders
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Control pain, Maintain joint mobility, Maintain functional status, Prevention of complications
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What medications are most commonly prescribed for rheumatoid arthritis
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Corticosteroids, NSAIDs, Immunosuppressives, DMARDs
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What are education topics for patients with SLE?
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Support groups, Avoid exposure to sun and UV light, Health maintenance
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What are disease are the following signs and symptoms indicative of: Adventitious lung sounds, stiff lungs, and infiltrates on a chest x-ray
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Symptoms of ARDS
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What is the ideal position for an ARDS patient
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Prone
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What is the treatment for ARDS
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Intubation and mechanical ventilation
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What nutrition do ARDS patients receive
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Entereal nutrition via an NG or OG tube. Patient receives tube feedings. These are high in caloric content for their hyper metabolic systems
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What is the physiological pathway of ARDS
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Injury, alveoli collapse, narrow airways, refractory hypoxemia
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What are 3 complications of a ventilated patient
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Hypotension, barotrauma, infection
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Biting on the tube, plugs or secretions, and decrease in lung compliance indicate a...
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High pressure alarm
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What 3 things are included in an endotracheal tube assessment
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Bilateral lung sounds, size of the ETT tube, and the level taped at the lip
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What are reasons for a low pressure alarm on a ventilator
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Air leak, Tube dislodged, Cuff ruptured
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What is the leading cause of COPD
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Smoking
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What are 3 goals for a COPD patient
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Decrease in inflammation & bronchospasms, Decrease Mucous, Increase oxygen availability
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What common medication can be prescribed PO, I.V., or inhaled
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Prednisone or steroids
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What are nutritional interventions for a COPD patient
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Small, frequent meals, high caloric and protein content, easy to chew
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What can the nurse teach the patient with COPD
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Breathing exercises, activity pacing, self-care activities, physical conditioning
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Peripheral edema, ascites, nausea, and hepatomegaly are signs of...
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Right-sided heart failure
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Skin care for heart failure patients include
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Edema, jaundice, and decreased mobility
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What safety precautions should be heart failure patients be educated on
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Falls, Bleeding, Medication regimen, Follow up visits
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What are the nurses responsibilities during a paracentesis
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Signed consent, Upright position, Feet supported on a stool, Record blood pressure, Monitor for signs and symptoms of vascular collapse
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What is sickle cell anemia
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Inherited sickle hemoglobin gene, RBC becomes rigid and sickled, ischemia and infarct can result
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3 Aggravating factors to sickle cell crisis include...
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Cold weather, Respiratory infection, Dehydration
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6 symptoms of sickle cell anemia
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Anemia, Elevated WBC, Infection, Jaundice, Pain, Thrombosis
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Treatment for sickle cell anemia
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Supportive care includes hydration, oxygen, and pain control
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Hydrea, [hydroxyurea], Arginine, and folic acid are medications used to treat what disease?
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Sickle cell anemia
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What disease is characterized by disorder of muscle tone, movement or posture that is caused by lack of oxygen or injury to the immature brain most often at or before birth
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Cerebral palsy
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Prematurity, in-utero infection and severe jaundice are all risks for what disease?
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Cerebral palsy
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What are symptoms of Cerebral palsy
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Exaggerated reflexes, Floppiness or rigidity of the limbs or trunk, Unsteadiness in walking, Cognitive disability, Seizure disorder
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Nursing interventions for a client with cerebral palsy
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Assistive devices, Preventing contractures, Modifications for ADL's
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What are 3 nursing diagnosis appropriate for a client with cerebral palsy
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Risk for delayed growth, Risk for imbalanced nutrition, Impaired verbal communication
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What disease attacks the lungs, spine, kidneys, and brain
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Tuberculosis
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What is it called when the bacteria is in the body but doesn't make you sick
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Latent tuberculosis
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Isoniazide (INH), Rifampin (RIF), Ethambutol (EMB), & Streptomycin are medications used to treat what disease
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Tuberculosis
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What is a positive manatee test
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10 millimeter induration or great except in immunocompromised clients 5 millimeters
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What teaching can be done for a tuberculosis patient
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Medication, Transmission, Skin tests, Early interventions, Signs & symptoms
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What are the 3 types of spina bifida
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Occulta, Meningocele, Myelomeiningocele
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What type of spina bifida has dimpling or discoloration
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Spina bifida occulta
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What type of spina bifida has a protruding mass in the lumbar region covered by skin or dura mater
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Spina bifida meningocele
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What is Chiari malformation
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Brain tissue extends into spinal canal occluding CSF causing hydrocephalus
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What are the 5 nursing interventions for spina bifida
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Prevent drying or pressure, Use sterile gloves & linens, Moist sterile compress, Monitor for leakage, Adequate body temperature
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What is the inability of damaged liver cells to clear bilirubin from the blood
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Hepatocellular Jaundice
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What is ascites
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Increased abdominal girth, Rapid weight gain, Striae, Distended abdominal veins
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What is increased pressure caused by blood flow obstruction through damaged liver
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Portal hypertension
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What are dilated, torturous veins located in the submucosa of the G.I. tract
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Esophageal varices
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What is a paracentesis
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Removal of fluid through a small surgical incision often under ultrasound guidance
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What medication is used to reduce high serum ammonia levels in patients with liver disease
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Lactulose
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What are 2 potassium sparing diuretics
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Spironolactone and thiazide
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What is folic acid
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Water soluable Medimation used to help form RBC's, It works with Vitamin B12 & Vitamin C
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What medication is used to treat anemia related to renal disease
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Epogen
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In who should you monitor PT, aPTT, and INR in?
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Patients with acute bleeding
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What should the nurse do to promote skin care
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Light emollients, Repositioning, Clean and dry
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What is a renal diet
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Limit phosphorus, potassium, sodium, and protein
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What are nursing measures for a patient with fluid volume excess
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Daily weights, restrict fluids, stick I & O
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What stage of kidney disease is it when the kidneys no longer capable of removing metabolic waste products or performing regulatory functions
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Stage 5
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What is the leading cause of renal failure
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Diabetes and hypertension
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What is the amount of plasma filtered through glomeruli per unit of time
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Glomerular filtration rate
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What is the result of the kidneys' inability to remove the end products protein metabolism
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Uremia
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What is anemia
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Inadequate production of erythropoietin
