Jazz Exam 2: Chapters 1-3 – Flashcards
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refers to the speed of the beat
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tempo
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3 or more tones sounding together
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chord
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jazz musicians value the development of a highly personal __ on their instruments
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tone
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which style of music was the first to claim a dominant foothold in the american identity
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jazz
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musical form. theme and ____
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variations
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swing ____ best describes jazz
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feeling
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musical form. 12-bar ____
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blues
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a trio of musicians consisting of a piano, bass, and drums would be termed the ____ section
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rhythm
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jazz traces its history through its ___ and only secondarily by its composers
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performances
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lay back play ____ the beat
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behind
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repeated phrase used as a filter
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vamp
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to accent a weak beat
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syncopate
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in jazz interpretation, what is played is often less important than ___ it is played
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how
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can be discovered by identifying areas of repetition and contrast
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form
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the amount of ___ rhythm can vary based on a jazz performer's placement and accent of notes
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swing
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the pulsating effect produced by small, rapid variations in pitch
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vibrato
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musical form
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ABAB
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___ line the lead players in new orleans jazz
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front
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not associated with minstrel shows
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ritual
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a "fall-off" is a ___ note bend
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downward
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scale-arrangement of tones using half-steps
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chromatic
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Juliana Johnson is an example of a ___ song
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work
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jazz began as a blending of ___ and European musical elements
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african
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western european music represents a literate tradition, while african music represents the ____
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oral tradition
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pattern is derived from african music
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call and response
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a type of european dance
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quadrille
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does not originate from the african tradition
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marches
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alternating solos
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trading fours
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influence on jazz
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religious music
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polkas, hymns, and quadrilles all derive from ___ music
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european
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recognized as an art form through the singing career of Mahalia Jackson
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gospel
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located in new orleans
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congo square
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the african's music was a functional ___, tied to the everyday workings in their lives
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art
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these songs are often called "hymns with a beat"
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spirituals
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best defined as referring to a person of african-european heritage living in new orleans
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creole
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jazz began around 1900 in _____
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new orleans
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the earliest jazz did much of its development in new orleans because it was an intensely musical city with ____ diversity
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ethnic
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instrument coordinated the movements of africans during their tribal activities
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drum
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blues music uses the ____ pentameter format
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iambic
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how many lines of text are there in each verse of a blues song?
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three
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made the first blues recording
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mamie smith
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supplied the fill-ins on bessie smith's recording of "st. louis blues."
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louis armstrong
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a blues song follows a specific chord ___
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progression
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blues songs are 12 ___ in length
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measures
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existed before jazz
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blues music
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bessie smith used her ___ as an instrument
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voice
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wrote "the memphis blues" and "st. louis blues."
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w.c. handy
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cannot bend a note
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piano
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there are 3 ___ in the basic blues chord progression
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phases
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"mother" of the blues
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ma rainey
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louis armstrong played this instrument
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trumpet
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a blues singer
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huddie ledbetter
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this person played the guitar
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big bill broonzy
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this person played the trombone
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charlie green
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what instrument used by early rural blues singers continues to be used by contemporary singers like B.B. King?
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guitar
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place in a composition where the band stops and a soloist plays a brief fill-ins is called
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break
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a vocalist using nonsense syllables is employing the ___ technique
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scat
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a saxophonist that influenced Billie Holiday's singing style
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lester young
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recordings include the songs "fine and mellow" and "strange fruit."
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billie holiday
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